直观推导式演进特征投影法在拖尾重叠色谱峰解析中的应用

直观推导式演进特征投影法(HELP)已成功应用于复杂体系的重叠色谱峰解析.当色谱峰拖尾时,演进特征投影图(ELPG)显示的直线段对应的区域中可能含有前面拖尾组分的信息,据此进行HELP解析可能得不到满意结果.选择ELPG上直线段的一部分,即拖尾组分末端,前面组分的信息已基本消失的区域作为选择性区域进行HELP解析.同时,提出一种新的定量方法:用主成分分析法(PCA)分解待测组分标准样品的二维数据,将得到的“标准”色谱引入HELP的定量过程,在色谱峰拖尾或解得谱峰不平滑时,得到更准确的结果.用HELP方法解析了依诺沙星、诺氟沙星和环丙沙星三组分实验体系,结果表明,加入上述措施的HELP可有效改善拖尾重叠色谱峰的解析结果.     

Improving the neural network method for finite element model updating using homogenous distribution of design points

In developing a neural network technique for a finite element model updating, researchers have been shown that the number of training samples and their quality, significantly affect the accuracy of the NN predication. In this study, based on the genetic algorithm (GA) method, we reduce the number of analyses required to develop the training pairs and reduce the amount of time for training the NN. In the other words, a uniform distribution of design points inside the design space will be obtained by means of this approach. To validate the efficiency of GA sample selection, random generation (RG) method is used for comparison. Two comparisons are made based on a numerical and experimental example. One is updated from 10 degrees of freedom lumped parameters system and the other is updated from a free–free beam using test data. The results indicate that the GA sample selection can reduce the number of training samples without affecting the accuracy of the NN predication. In our present study, also, the advantages of using frequency response function (FRF) data as input to the NN are kept and the drawback of having too many frequency points is overcome by the application of principal component analyses (PCA).     

主成分分析应用方法的改进

首先对主成分分析应用中出现的一些误区,通过推导指出错误所在,并提出相应的改进方案.最后通过一个实例,说明新方案的合理性.     

Positive Reachability for Diffusion Equations

Counterexamples are constructed for some plausible conjectures. Typical of these: as the Maximum Principle ensures that positive boundary data give a positive state at time T from 0 initial data, one might (plausibly, but falsely) conjecture that all positive terminal states should be approximately reachable in this way, i.e., subject to the requirement that the boundary data stays nonnegative.     

Tight wavelet frames for irregular multiresolution analysis

An important tool for the construction of tight wavelet frames is the Unitary Extension Principle first formulated in the Fourier-domain by Ron and Shen. We show that the time-domain analogue of this principle provides a unified approach to the construction of tight frames based on many variations of multiresolution analyses, e.g., regular refinements of bounded L-shaped domains, refinements of subdivision surfaces around irregular vertices, and nonstationary subdivision. We consider the case of nonnegative refinement coefficients and develop a fully local construction method for tight frames. Especially, in the shift-invariant setting, our construction produces the same tight frame generators as the Unitary Extension Principle.     

A NOVEL METHOD OF FITTING SPATIO‐TEMPORAL MODELS TO DATA,WITH APPLICATIONS TO THE DYNAMICS OF MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLES

Abstract We develop a modular landscape model for the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) infestation of a stage‐structured forest of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas). Beetle attack dynamics are modeled using response functions and beetle movement using dispersal kernels. This modeling technique yields four model candidates. These models allow discrimination between four broad possibilities at the landscape scale: whether or not beetles are subject to an Allee effect at the landscape scale and whether or not host selection is random or directed. We fit the models with aerial damage survey data to the Sawtooth National Recreation Area using estimating functions, which allows for more rapid and complete parameter determination. We then introduce a novel model selection procedure based on facial recognition technology to compliment traditional nonspatial selection metrics. Together with these we are able to select a best model and draw inferences regarding the behavior of the beetle in outbreak conditions.     

Optimal Control of Deployment of a Tethered Subsatellite

One of the most important operations during a tethered satellite system mission is the deployment of a subsatellite from a space ship. We restrict tothe simple but practically important case that the system ismoving on a circular orbit around the Earth. The main problem duringdeployment due to gravity gradient is that the two satellites do not move along the straight radial relative equilibrium position which is stable for a tether of constant length. Instead, deploymentleads to an unstable motion with respect to the radial relativeequilibrium configuration. Therefore we introduce an optimal control strategy using theMaximum Principle to achieve a force controlled deployment of the tethered subsatellite from the radial relative equilibrium position close to the space ship to the radial relative equilibrium position far away from the space ship.     

扫描离子电导显微镜的原理及应用

扫描离子电导显微镜(SICM)是一种扫描探针显微技术,通过测定超微玻璃管探针的离子电流,它能够非接触地扫描样品表面,进而研究样品的形貌及性质。SICM具有成像分辨率高、探针易于制备和对被成像物体无损伤等特点,特别适用于研究生理条件下的活体细胞,是一种与扫描电化学显微镜及原子力显微镜互补的扫描探针显微镜技术。SICM能够对软界面及表面,如活细胞表面的显微结构,进行高分辨率成像;并能够与其它技术联用,研究细胞形貌与功能的关系;还能控制沉积特定分子,实现纳米尺度的显微操作与加工。本文对SICM的发展历史、仪器构造、基本原理及应用进行了综述。     

Theoretical analysis on capillary adhesion of microsized plates with a substrate

The stiction of a thin plate induced by the capillary force has attracted much attention in the broad range of applications. A novel method is presented to calculate the capillary adhesion problem of the plate through analytical method. The expressions of the surface energy, the strain energy and the total potential energy of the plate-substrate system have been analyzed and delineated. By means of continuum mechanics and the principle of minimum potential energy, the governing equation of the plate with an arbitrary shape and the corresponding transversality boundary condition due to the moving bound have been derived. Then the critical adhesion radius of the circular plate has been solved according to the supplementary transversality condition. Thus the deflections of the plates are analytically calculated with different critical adhesion radii. The results may be beneficial to the engineering application and the micro/nanomeasurement.     

映射的图可换性与模糊扩张原理

从映射的图可换角度对扩张原理进行解释。使得扩张原理更加直观，更易于理解，同时从图可换的角度研究张原理的若干性质及广义模糊扩张原理。