Atomic-scale investigation of the interaction between coniferyl alcohol and laccase for lignin degradation using molecular dynamics simulations and spectroscopy

The interaction between coniferyl alcohol (CA) and laccase (LAC) was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and spectral experiments. The mode of interaction between CA and LAC was established by MD simulations. The micro-environmental changes, stability and rigidity of the LAC-CA system were assessed by relevant parameters. These parameters include root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration (Rg). The calculated binding free energy (ΔG_binding=??19.99?kcal·mol.^?1), the van der waals (VDW) contribution (ΔG_vdw=?23.99?kcal·mol^?1) and the electrostatic energy (ΔG_ele=?23.09?kcal·mol^?1) of LAC-CA system demonstrated that the interaction of LAC-CA was a spontaneous process and the main interaction forces were van der Waal's and electrostatic forces. The values of ΔG_vdw and ΔG_ele were negative, which demonstrated that VDW interactions and electrostatic interactions were favorable for the binding of CA and LAC. The binding constants, thermodynamic parameters, molecular force types and binding distances confirmed the interaction between CA and LAC and further verified the rationality of the theoretical model by spectral experiments. The MD simulations and experimental approaches provide clues for the discovery of new mediators and useful references for the mechanism of microbial degradation of lignin and industrialization of lignocellulose.     

人类谷胱甘肽硫转移酶家族等位基因蛋白B与抑制剂作用模型的理论研究

采用分子动力学模拟方法系统地研究了谷胱甘肽硫转移酶家族(Glutathione S-transferases,GSTs)的等位基因蛋白B(GSTP1*B)与抑制剂利尿酸(EA)以及EA的谷胱甘肽(GSH)共轭物EAG(I),EAG(O)的具体结合方式.抑制剂及其谷胱甘肽共轭物与蛋白的相互作用能计算结果及分子动力学轨迹的统计分析结果表明,GSTP1*B与EA的谷胱甘肽共轭物的结合能力优于其与EA的结合能力,Phe8,Arg13,Trp38和Tyr108是作用过程中的关键残基,对稳定抑制剂及其谷胱甘肽共轭物在GSTP1*B的G和H位点的构象具有重要的作用.通过对构象的统计分析发现,残基Phe8和Tyr108与GSTP1*B酶对抑制剂的选择性密切相关.     

Effects of peptide density and elution pH on affinity chromatographic purification of human immunoglobulins A and M

A family of linear hexamer peptide ligands HWRGWV, HYFKFD and HFRRHL, initially identified for their affinity to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G (hIgG), also have potential for use in the purification of human immunoglobulins A (hIgA) and M (hIgM). HWRGWV demonstrated the strongest binding affinity to hIgM, followed by hIgA and hIgG respectively. The effects of N-terminal acetylation of the peptide, as well as elution buffer pH, on the chromatographic elution of human IgG, IgA and IgM from HWRGWV resins at various peptide densities (0.04-0.55 meq/g) were investigated. Over 80% recovery and 90% purity were achieved for human IgG and IgA isolation from complete minimum essential medium (cMEM) using HWRGWV resin at optimum peptide densities. For human IgM, 75.7% recovery and 86.0% purity were achieved by using HWRGWV at a low peptide density of 0.04 meq/g. Although HYFKFD and HFRRHL exhibited their ability for isolation of human IgG, IgA and IgM from cMEM as well, HWRGWV is the best option among them for large-scale purification of human IgG, IgA and IgM based on conditions tested.     

疏水相互作用对阳离子聚电解质与染料键合的影响

用平衡渗析法研究了阳离子聚电解质PAm·MG 和P(St-Am·MG)与甲基橙(MO)及P(St-Am·MG)与MO的同系物乙基橙(EO)、橙武Ⅳ(O-Ⅳ)在25、35、45和55 ℃下相互作用的热力学. 由K1otz方程, 求得键合常数K_1和热力学参数ΔG、ΔH及ΔS. 含疏水基的P(St-Am·MG)与MO的键合能力比不含疏水基的PAm·MG 强. P(St-Am·MG)与不同染料作用时, 键合程度为O-Ⅳ>EO>MO, 即染料的疏水性越强, 与高聚物的作用程度越大.键合体系加入脲或甲醇, 疏水相互作用受到破坏, 导致高聚物与染料之间的键合受到削弱.     

The role of various binding materials for trace elemental analysis of powder samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Study of various binding materials like potassium bromide, poly(vinyl alcohol), starch, silver and aluminum has been carried out using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The role of matrix effects using these five binders on LIBS signal intensity was investigated for better performance of LIBS technique as a quantitative analytical tool. For comparative study of different binders, the signal intensity of different Mg lines at 518.3, 517.2, 383.8 and 279.5 nm wavelengths were recorded for pellets prepared with known concentrations of Mg in these binders. The influence of laser energy on ablated mass under different binding materials and its correlation with LIBS signal intensity has been explored. Optical scanning microscopy images of the ablated crater were studied to understand the laser ablation process. The study revealed that the binding material plays an important role in the generation of LIBS signal. The relative signal intensity measured for a standard Mg line (at 518.3 nm) were 735, 538, 387, 227 and 130 for potassium bromide, starch, poly(vinyl alcohol), silver and aluminum as binders, respectively. This indicates clearly that potassium bromide is better as a binder for LIBS studies of powder samples.     

环糊精对阿斯巴甜的甜感增强作用及二者相互作用热力学

目前环糊精（CD）对阿斯巴甜（ASP）甜感强度的影响研究主要集中在环糊精对阿斯巴甜的稳定性研究。我们认为CD对ASP甜感强度的提升与其和ASP的结合常数有一定的关系。本文选择了五种环糊精,α-环糊精（α-CD）、β-环糊精（β-CD）、γ-环糊精（γ-CD）、羟丙基-β-环糊精（HP-β-CD）、甲基-β-环糊精（Met-β-CD）,研究了这些环糊精存在下ASP的感官甜度的变化及二者的相互作用。结果表明,β-CD可以明显提升ASP的甜感强度。等温滴定量热（ITC）和荧光光谱对ASP与CDs结合过程亲和力的研究表明,ASP与β-CD的结合是自发的,并且具有最大的结合常数。差示扫描量热（DSC）、核磁共振（¹H NMR）以及傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）揭示了其结合过程的机制。本研究对理解甜味剂甜感强度与热力学结合常数的关系具有重要的意义,也为基于结合常数筛选风味保持剂的方法提供有益的基础。     

Applications of Pattern Recognition in Drug Discovery

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Interaction of BSA with proflavin: A spectroscopic approach

The interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with proflavin was investigated by spectroscopic tools like absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as laser flash photolysis. Absorption spectroscopy proved the formation of ground-state BSA-proflavin complex. Proflavin was found to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA via static quenching. High value of quenching constant suggested that energy transfer occurred from BSA to proflavin. Distance between the fluorophore in the protein and the ligand (proflavin) was evaluated. Binding constant and number of binding site were determined for proflavin-BSA interaction both in phosphate buffer (pH∼6.8) and in sodium dodecylsulphate media. The values of the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the key interacting forces are van der Waal's interaction and hydrogen bonding. Laser flash photolysis study reconfirmed the formation of complex between BSA and proflavin.     

Inclusion Modes of Berberine with β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solution

The possible inclusion modes of berberine(Berb)with β-cyclodextrin(BCD)in aqueous solution were predicted by molecular docking,molecular dynamics(MD)simulation and binding free energy calculations.Firs...     

Binding energy of an off-center donor impurity in ellipsoidal quantum dot with parabolic confinement potential

The binding energy of an off-center hydrogenic donor impurity in weakly oblate Ellipsoidal Quantum Dot (EQD), using the expansion method within the framework of effective mass approximation in strong confinement, is investigated. In this regard, the binding energies of different states of GaAs structures, as functions of the donor position and ellipticity parameter, are calculated. The results show that variations of binding energies are proportional to the ellipticity constant, the dot dimension and the location of impurity.