Investigation of fabrication and hetero-epitaxy relationship of CoCrPt thin films grown on CrW underlayer

This paper reports that longitudinally oriented CoCrPt thin films with Cr₈₅W₁₅ underlayer and CoCr intermediate layer for use of giant magnetoresistance heads were fabricated by magnetron sputtering. Without CoCr intermediate layer, CoCrPt layer deposited directly on Cr₈₅W₁₅ underlayer which has a dominant (200) texture exhibits unexpected (10\bar {1}1) texture. After introducing CoCr intermediate layer, the CoCrPt layer shifts into (11\bar {2}0) texture. This article studies the crystallographic hetero-epitaxy relationship between magnetic layer and underlayer in order to understand the appearance of CoCrPt (10\bar {1}1) texture on (200) textured Cr underlayer and the influence of CoCr intermediate layer on the inducement of CoCrPt (11\bar {2}0) texture. The CoCr intermediate layer plays a crucial role in controlling the microstructure and consequently the magnetic properties of the overlying magnetic layer.     

TiAl过渡层对电弧离子镀沉积TiAlN膜层的影响

利用电弧离子镀,在不锈钢和SiCP增强2024铝基复合材料基底上沉积TiAlN薄膜.结果表明:TiAlN膜层直接沉积在不锈钢基底上,膜层呈[111]择优取向;然而,TiAlN膜层沉积在不锈钢基底的TiAl过渡层上,膜层呈[220]方向择优取向;并且随着过渡层从零开始增厚,TiAlN膜层的织构系数T(111)逐渐减小,而T(200)逐渐增大,但膜层一直以[220]方向择优取向,内应力的存在可能是膜层产生[220]方向择优取向的原因.在复合材料基底TiAl过渡层上沉积,随着负脉冲偏压的增加,TiAlN膜层的择优取向由[111]向[200]转变.在不锈钢基底上,没有TiAl过渡层时,膜层表面相对光滑,大颗粒较少;有了TiAl过渡层,表面大颗粒较多;TiAl过渡层不同沉积时间对膜层表面影响不大,颗粒尺寸相差无几.没有TiAl过渡层时,膜层结合强度很差,有了TiAl过渡层,结合强度明显增加,但结合强度的大小随过渡层沉积时间(厚度)变化.     

Buckwheat Hull-Enriched Pasta: Physicochemical and Sensory Properties

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of semolina with 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of ground buckwheat hull (BH) on the chemical composition, antioxidant properties, color, cooking characteristics, and sensory properties of wheat pasta. Pasta samples were prepared by dough lamination (tagliatelle shape) and dried at 55 °C until the moisture content was 11–12% (wet basis). Analyses of samples showed that the addition of BH caused an increase in fiber content in pasta from 4.31% (control pasta) to 14.15% (pasta with 20% of BH). Moreover, the brightness and yellowness of BH-enriched products were significantly decreased compared to the control sample, and the total color difference ranged from 23.84 (pasta with 1% of BH) to 32.56 (pasta with 15% BH). In addition, a decrease in optimal cooking time, as well as an increased weight index and cooking loss, was observed in BH-enriched pasta samples. Furthermore, BH-enriched cooked pasta had significantly higher total phenolic content and antioxidant activity but an unpleasant smell and taste, especially if the level of BH was higher than 10%.     

基于光谱-空间特征的黄茶多酚含量估算模型

茶多酚是黄茶中的重要成分之一,具有保健和药用功效.准确估测茶多酚含量对茶叶品质鉴定和定量分析具有重要的意义.学者们已经利用电子鼻、电子舌、高光谱和近红外技术开展了茶多酚的估测研究,取得了良好的效果.然而,由于缺乏空间特征,难以满足黄茶内外品质综合判断的要求.随着高光谱成像系统的发展,尽管基于灰度共生矩阵的茶叶成分估测已...     

用化学溶液方法在Ni-5at%W基底上制备La2Zr2O7过渡层的研究

La2Zr2O7(LZO)过渡层以其独特的物理化学性质越来越受到人们的关注。本文以乙酰丙酮镧和乙酰丙酮锆为前驱盐,丙酸为溶剂配置前驱液,用化学溶液方法(CSD)在具有立方织构的Ni-5at%W基底上制备了LZO过渡层薄膜。研究了前驱液成分、性质以及退火温度对LZO成相以及取向的影响。用常规XRD和X射线四环衍射仪分析了LZO薄膜的相成分和织构。结果显示,在1050℃下退火可以获得强立方织构的LZO薄膜,其中(222)峰的Phi扫描半高宽值为8.95°;(400)峰的Chi扫描半高宽值为6.8°。用高分辨扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察到LZO薄膜表面均匀致密,没有裂纹和空洞。     

Properties of Rice-Based Beverages Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Propionibacterium

In recent times, consumers have shown increasing interest in plant substitutes for fermented dairy products. This study aimed to investigate the properties of yogurt-type rice-based beverages fermented with lactic acid bacteria and Propionibacterium. The changes in pH, viable population of bacteria, physical properties, and carbohydrate content of these beverages were tested. Fermentation using only Propionibacterium was insufficient to obtain a product with an acidity level similar to that of milk-based yogurt (pH < 4.5). After fermentation, the tested beverages had a high number of Lactobacillus sp. (7.42–8.23 log10 CFU/mL), Streptococcus thermophilus (8.01–8.65 log10 CFU/mL), and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (8.28–8.50 log10 CFU/mL). The hardness (2.90–10.40 N) and adhesiveness (13.79–42.16 mJ) of the samples after 14 days of storage at 6 °C varied depending on the starter culture used. The syneresis of all samples ranged between 29% and 31%, which was lower or close to that of milk-based yogurts. The content of individual sugars in the samples also varied depending on the starter culture used for fermentation. The results suggest that the combination of lactic and propionic fermentation helps in the production of rice-based yogurt-type milk substitutes.     

银和铜膜中异常晶粒生长和织构变化的实验研究

用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和x射线衍射(XRD)方法对经300℃，2h退火的Ag和Cu自由膜和Si基体上的Ag和Cu附着膜的异常晶粒生长和织构变化进行了实验研究.XRD分析表明：Ag和Cu沉积膜均有(111)和(100)择优取向.但经退火处理后，Ag和Cu自由膜的(111)织构稍有加强.相反，Si基体上的Ag和Cu附着膜的(100)和(110)织构明显加强，同时用TEM在Cu附着膜中观察到了两个(110)和四个(211)取向的异常大晶粒.根据表面能和应变能的各向异性对实验结果进行了分析.     

Radiative stability of neutrino-mass textures

Neutrino-mass textures proposed at high scales are known to be unstable against radiative corrections especially for nearly degenerate mass eigenvalues. We find a mechanism in a class of gauge models including 2HDM where the RG constraints can be evaded. Consequently, a high-scale texture can match the low-energy data or be reproduced at low energies.     

液晶等各向异性物体偏振光学图案的格栅计算方法和解析计算方法

本文推广获得了计算偏振光学图案的格栅方法,指出该方法可以处理具有任意指向矢排布的各向异性物体。进一步用色块显示法可获得层次丰富的理论图案。通过理论计算和安验观察,验证了运用偏光显微法可以鉴别液晶缺陷的强度与符号,这将有助于从微观水平上认识向列型液晶的纹影织构。等θ条件下,格栅方法可以过渡到解析方法,在单色光和多色光照射下的计算公式均已给出。     

Influence of Amines on Formation and Texture of Uniform Hematite Particles

The structure and properties of hematite particles obtained by hydrolysis of ferric chloride solution doped with various kinds of amines were examined by TEM, XRD, TG-DTA, N₂and H₂O adsorption, and zeta potential measurements. The shape of precipitates was concentration dependent; they changed from large spheres (diameter: ca. 820 nm) to cubes (edge length: ca. 400 nm) via double-spheres (long axis length: ca. 600 nm) with increasing monoamine concentrations. This effect was enhanced by increasing their pK_avalues. Much pronounced effects of di- and triamines on the particle formation were observed; cubic and double-spherical particles were obtained at a much lower concentration of di- and triamines and small spherical (diameter: ca. 100 nm) and diamond-like (long axis length: ca. 100 nm) particles were further produced at higher concentration. It was suggested that the acceleration of the rate of phase transformation from β-FeOOH to hematite induced by amines plays an important role for producing fairly uniform hematite particles with different shape and size. The hematite particles produced with amines contained small amounts of OH⁻ions in the lattice but were confirmed to be nearly single crystal.