脉冲高功率离子二极管的动力学模拟

基于等离子体的爆炸发射模型,利用自洽的2.5维的胞中粒子（PIC）模拟程序MAGIC模拟了平板型磁绝缘离子二极管中电子和质子的动力学特性。给出了电压为300kV,外加磁场为2倍临界磁场情况下的二极管特性,阴阳极间隙中带电粒子的空间和相空间分布,以及净电荷密度分布和电场分布,结果表明,引出束流密度比单离子Child-Langmuir公式计算的结果大5倍;外加磁场导致在阴极附近形成虚阴极。空间电荷使得阴阳极间隙中电场扰动和增强。     

2MeV注入器脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱诊断研究

介绍了利用磁分析器和电子束产生的契伦科夫辐射光诊断直线感应加速器脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱的原理、方法及诊断系统,对中物院2MeV感应叠加型注入器的2kA强流脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱进行实验诊断,并与二极管电压进行对比分析。测得能量约2.2MeV,60ns内最大能量变化为4%。     

用脉冲紫外激光预处理提高刀具的金刚石涂层的附着强度

采用脉冲紫外激光（XeCl,308nm）表面消融预处理方法以硬质合金为衬底制备了金刚石涂层刀具。利用压痕法对涂层结合强度进行了测试,得到了最佳预处理工艺条件。采用碳化硅增强铝合金材料对制备的金刚石涂层刀具进行了实际切削性能实验。实验结果表明：脉冲紫外激光表面消融预处理方法的采用对刀具的金刚石薄膜涂层附着强度的提高有很大的帮助。     

使用稀疏贝叶斯学习的水声多途信道盲估计

提出了一种使用稀疏贝叶斯学习(SBL)的多途信号盲解卷积方法对水声多途信道的信道脉冲响应(CIR)进行盲估计。该方法利用垂直阵和多频SBL获得宽带舰船声源在不同垂直到达角上的复数域多频点信号,取其相位对垂直阵接收信号匹配滤波,得到每条路径上的CIR,将多路径CIR相干叠加得到最终的多途CIR结果。仿真与海试数据处理结果表明,相比于原有的基于交替投影的多途信号盲解卷积方法,所提出方法有以下几个好处:(1)无需准确预估多途信号数目;(2)分离的多途信号的方位更准确且信号相位更可靠;(3)有效获取了舰船与阵列之间的CIR.并且将弱路径CIR的平均时间估计误差从4.7 ms缩小到1.0 ms.显著提高了弱路径CIR的时间估计精度。使用稀疏贝叶斯学习的多途信号盲解卷积方法能够有效提高多途环境下水声信道盲估计的性能。     

n-In0.35Ga0.65N/p-Si异质结的制备及其电学性能研究

采用双光路双靶材脉冲激光沉积(PLD)系统在p-Si衬底上外延生长InGaN薄膜,研究了InGaN薄膜的显微组织结构和n-InGaN/p-Si异质结的电学性能.研究表明,InGaN薄膜为单晶结构,沿[0001]方向择优生长,薄膜表面光滑致密,In的原子含量为35％.霍尔(Hall)效应测试表明In0.35Ga0.65N...     

Effects of physics change in Monte Carlo code on electron pencil beam dose distributions

Pencil beam algorithms used in computerized electron beam dose planning are usually described using the small angle multiple scattering theory. Alternatively, the pencil beams can be generated by Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. In a previous work, the 4th version of the Electron Gamma Shower (EGS) Monte Carlo code was used to obtain dose distributions from monoenergetic electron pencil beam, with incident energy between 1 MeV and 50 MeV, interacting at the surface of a large cylindrical homogeneous water phantom. In 2000, a new version of this Monte Carlo code has been made available by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), which includes various improvements in its electron-transport algorithms. In the present work, we were interested to see if the new physics in this version produces pencil beam dose distributions very different from those calculated with oldest one. The purpose of this study is to quantify as well as to understand these differences. We have compared a series of pencil beam dose distributions scored in cylindrical geometry, for electron energies between 1 MeV and 50 MeV calculated with two versions of the Electron Gamma Shower Monte Carlo Code. Data calculated and compared include isodose distributions, radial dose distributions and fractions of energy deposition. Our results for radial dose distributions show agreement within 10% between doses calculated by the two codes for voxels closer to the pencil beam central axis, while the differences are up to 30% for longer distances. For fractions of energy deposition, the results of the EGS4 are in good agreement (within 2%) with those calculated by EGSnrc at shallow depths for all energies, whereas a slightly worse agreement (15%) is observed at deeper distances. These differences may be mainly attributed to the different multiple scattering for electron transport adopted in these two codes and the inclusion of spin effect, which produces an increase of the effective range of electrons.     

Relation between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams

Airy beams and triple-cusp beams are two kinds of accelerating beams. The propagation characteristics and internal topological structures of accelerating Airy beams are well understood because of the developed mathematical theory about Airy function. However, limited information is available about the optical characteristics of accelerating triple-cusp beams. In this work, the relationship between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams is examined theoretically and experimentally. Results reveal some important optical characteristics of triple-cusp beams based on the optical characteristics of Airy beams. These findings are expected to provide a foundation for future applications of triple-cusp beams.     

The effects of Zn vacancies on ferromagnetism in Cu-doped ZnO films controlled by oxygen pressure and Li doping

Zn0.99Cu0.01O films were studied experimentally and theoretically.The films were prepared by pulsed-laser deposi tion on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates under various oxygen pressures to investigate the growth-dependence of the ferromag netic properties.The structural,magnetic,and optical properties were studied,and it was found that all the samples possess a typical wurtzite structure,and that the films exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism.The sample deposited at 600℃and an oxygen pressure of 10 Pa showed a large saturation magnetization of 0.83μB/Cu.The enhanced ferromagnetism in the(Cu,Li)-codoped ZnO is attributable to the existence of Zn vacancies(VZn),as shown by first-principles calcu lations.The photoluminescence analysis demonstrated the existence of V Zn in both Zn0.99Cu0.01O and(Cu,Li)-codoped ZnO thin films,and this plays an important role in the increase of ferromagnetism,according to the results of first-principles calculations.     

Generation and Propagation of Optical Superoscillatory Vortex Arrays

Superoscillation is an intriguing wave phenomenon which enables subwavelength features propagating into far field and hence has potential applications in super‐resolution microscopy as well as particle trapping and manipulation. While previous demonstrations mostly concentrate on designing complicated nanostructures for generating uncontrollable superoscillatory functions, here a new technique which allows for creating polynomially shaped superoscillatory functions that contain phase singularity arrays is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. Such a technique is implemented in optical experiments for the first time and controllable superoscillatory lobes with feature much below the diffraction limit is achieved. More importantly, a general theoretical framework, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported before, is developed to show how the created superoscillations propagate to a distance of many Rayleigh ranges and eventually disappear when the distance is sufficiently larger. The validity of the model is confirmed by the experiments. The results may trigger further studies in light field shaping and manipulations in subwavelength scale.     

Pulsed EPR Dipolar Spectroscopy under the Breakdown of the High-Field Approximation: The High-Spin Iron(III) Case

Pulsed EPR dipolar spectroscopy (PDS) offers several methods for measuring dipolar coupling and thus the distance between electron-spin centers. To date, PDS measurements to metal centers were limited to ions that adhere to the high-field approximation. Here, the PDS methodology is extended to cases where the high-field approximation breaks down on the example of the high-spin Fe³⁺/nitroxide spin-pair. First, the theory developed by Maryasov et al. (Appl. Magn. Reson. 2006 , 30, 683–702) was adapted to derive equations for the dipolar coupling constant, which revealed that the dipolar spectrum does not only depend on the length and orientation of the interspin distance vector with respect to the applied magnetic field but also on its orientation to the effective g-tensor of the Fe³⁺ ion. Then, it is shown on a model system and a heme protein that a PDS method called relaxation-induced dipolar modulation enhancement (RIDME) is well-suited to measuring such spectra and that the experimentally obtained dipolar spectra are in full agreement with the derived equations. Finally, a RIDME data analysis procedure was developed, which facilitates the determination of distance and angular distributions from the RIDME data. Thus, this study enables the application of PDS to for example, the highly relevant class of high-spin Fe³⁺ heme proteins.