Ni-P/SiO_2催化剂晶化过程及其加氢活性研究

采用化学还原法制备了负载型Ni－P／SiO2非晶态合金催化剂．应用ICP、BET、氢氧滴定法、XRD、SEM、XPS研究了上述催化剂在高温晶化过程中的表面结构、表面形貌和表面电子态的变化。测定了Ni－P／SiO2非晶态合金晶化前后对其液相苯甲醛加氢反应催化活性和选择性,并讨论了非晶态合金催化剂晶化过程中结构变化对催化性能的影响．     

热重质谱联用(TG/MS)系统的建立和应用

将两种商品型分析仪器热重（TG）和质谱（MS）联用，并将这一热重质谱联用系统（TG／MS）应用于含酚废水的催化氧化和煤燃烧的过程研究，在获取样品重量变化的同时对逸出气相产物进行了在线检测，获取了苯酚氧化反应的历程和煤燃烧过程中氮、硫氧化物的逸出信息。     

反相胶束法控制合成不同形貌半导体Ag_2S纳米晶

采用水（溶液）／Triton X－100／环已烷／正戊醇反相胶束体系，制备出不 同形貌的Ag_2S纳米晶-100nm、长度为2.0-3.5μm、长径比为20-70的纯相幅S对合 成Ag_2S的形貌和尺寸的影响进行了研究，获得了控制合成不同形貌Ag_2S纳米晶的 反应条件．显微镜分析进行了表征．     

Preorganization and reorganization as related factors in enzyme catalysis: the chorismate mutase case

In this paper a deeper insight into the chorismate-to prephenate-rearrangement, catalyzed by Bacillus subtilis chorismate mutase, is provided by means of a combination of statistical quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulation methods and hybrid potential energy surface exploration techniques. The main aim of this work is to present an estimation of the preorganization and reorganization terms of the enzyme catalytic rate enhancement. To analyze the first of these, we have studied different conformational equilibria of chorismate in aqueous solution and in the enzyme active site. Our conclusion is that chorismate mutase preferentially binds the reactive conformer of the substrate--that presenting a structure similar to the transition state of the reaction to be catalyzed--with shorter distances between the carbon atoms to be bonded and more diaxial character. With respect to the reorganization effect, an energy decomposition analysis of the potential energies of the reactive reactant and of the reaction transition state in aqueous solution and in the enzyme shows that the enzyme structure is better adapted to the transition structure. This means not only a more negative electrostatic interaction energy with the transition state but also a low enzyme deformation contribution to the energy barrier. Our calculations reveal that the structure of the enzyme is responsible for stabilizing the transition state structure of the reaction, with concomitant selection of the reactive form of the reactants. This is, the same enzymatic pattern that stabilizes the transition structure also promotes those reactant structures closer to the transition structure (i.e., the reactive reactants). In fact, both reorganization and preorganization effects have to be considered as the two faces of the same coin, having a common origin in the effect of the enzyme structure on the energy surface of the substrate.     

Pervaporative transport modelling in a ternary system: ethyltertiarybutylether/ethanol/polyurethaneimide

The study deals with the analysis of diffusion and mass transfer modelling during pervaporation in a true ternary system involving a polar liquid mixture (ETBE/EtOH) and a polar block copolymer (polyurethaneimide or PUI). A survey of methods of pervaporative transfer modelling in ternary systems is first developed. From differential permeation experiments carried out with both pure liquids, it appears that both permeants obey a Fickian law. Moreover, the diffusional behaviour is consistent with Long's model, which has thus been assumed for the related ternary system. An extension of the Brun's model is then derived, which takes into account the diffusion coupling as well the significant deviation from sorption ideality. From a practical point of view, the calculated values of fluxes show generally good agreement with the experimental results, although a small deviation occurs for mixtures of low ethanol content. Diffusion coefficients of both pure solvents corresponding to transient or steady state are compared. A very good agreement is found for the aprotic permeant (ETBE). whereas the diffusion coefficient of ethanol in transient state is only the quarter of the value corresponding to steady state. The results are discussed in comparison with related investigations in the literature, involving specific liquid-polymer interactions.     

Determination of Aroma Compounds in Blackberry by GC/MS Analysis

The aromatic composition of five blackberry cultivars (Bursa 2, Navaho, Nessy, Chester Thornless, and Jumbo) was studied. The Im-SPME (Immersion Solid Phase Micro Extraction) extraction technique was applied and the samples were analyzed by GC/MS. Furfural and its derivatives were found to be the major aromatic compounds and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was the most abundant compound in all the blackberry varieties.     

Thermoanalytical study of nucleating effects in polypropylene composites

Nucleating and transcrystallization behaviour of additives in engineering PP composites and the effect of modified interfacial structure is the subject of this series of papers. The first part concentrates on polypropylene/liquid crystalline polyester blends. Increased crystallisation temperature and degree of crystallinity of polypropylene is characteristic to the blends containing different amount of LCP additive. Transcrystallization process governs the formation of crystalline structure in these systems in course of isothermal crystallisation at 132C. The nucleating effect of LCP gives rise to more uniform crystalline structure in the polypropylene phase.The financial support of the OTKA 014194 is acknowledged with gratitude.     

CuO/Ce-Zr-La-O催化剂的表征及CO氧化活性

采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ce-Zr-La-O固溶体为载体，制备CuO／Ce-Zr-La-O催化剂，用XRD，Raman，TPR等实验技术对Ce-Zr-La-O固溶体及CuO／Ce-Zr-La-O的物相、Redox性能进行了表征。实验结果表明，Ce0.7Cr0.3-yLayO固溶体的还原性能与La含量有关，适量的La能促进固溶体的氧化还原。CuO的负载量为6％时，CuO／Ce0．7Zr0.15La0.15O的活性最高，高分散且与载体相互作用的CuO是CO氧化活性相。     

New aspects in the reaction of azomethines with cyclic CH-acidic compounds

Summary Treatment of substituted benzylidene anilines1 a – df with cyclic CH-acidic compounds2a–m in ethanol at room temperature yields in additon/elimination reactions the corresponding arylidene derivatives4 and the 2:1 adducts5. The addition products3, which are formed as intermediates, could not be isolated in any case. The donor/acceptor effect of the substituents on the benzylidene moiety influences to a significant extent the reactivity towards the azomethine carbon.

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Neue Aspekte der Reaktion von Azomethinen mit cyclischen CH-aciden Verbindungen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Umsetzung der substituierten Benzylidenaniline1 a – f mit den cyclischen CH-aciden Verbindungen2 a – m in Ethanol bei Raumtemperatur erhält man in Additions/Eliminierungsreaktionen die Arylidenderivate4 und die 2:1-Addukte5. Die als Intermediat gebildeten Additionsprodukte3 konnten in keinem Fall isoliert werden. Die Donor-bzw. Acceptorwirkung der Substituenten am Benzylidenrest beeinflußt maßgebend die Reaktivität am Azomethinkohlenstoff.