Modification of surface properties of polyamide 6 films with atmospheric pressure plasma

To investigate the effect of the different plasma gases treatment on the surface modification of atmospheric pressure plasma, polyamide 6 films were treated using pure helium (He), He/O₂ and He/CF₄, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed rougher surface, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed increased oxygen and fluorine contents after the plasma treatments. The plasma treated samples had lower water contact angles and higher T-peel strength than that of the control. The addition of small amount of O₂ or CF₄ to He plasma increases the effectiveness of the plasma treatment in polymer surface modification in terms of surface roughness, surface hydrophilic groups, etching rate, water contact angle and bonding strength.     

Surface modification of polypropylene with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet sustained in argon and an argon/water vapour mixture

In this paper, an atmospheric pressure plasma jet sustained in pure argon and an argon/water vapour mixture has been used to modify the surface of polypropylene (PP) films. The gas temperature of the plasma jet was found to be 625 K in an active zone between the electrodes and was found to increase in the afterglow. Based on these results, the PP films are placed as close as possible to the edge of the capillary in order to avoid thermal damage to the polymer. XPS results on the untreated and modified PP samples revealed incorporation of a significant amount of oxygen on the polymer surface, however, this oxygen inclusion is more pronounced for the argon/water vapour jet due to the higher radicals density in the jet afterglow. One can therefore conclude that adding water vapour to an argon plasma jet can be a convenient way to increase the efficiency of plasma surface modification.     

静电场对静止液体压强的影响

论述了由于静电场的存在,在大气压力场中,静止液体内任意两点间的压强差与重力和静电场力的关系.     

Gas collection efficiency of annular denuders: A spreadsheet-based calculator

Denuders are widely used for atmospheric analysis. Annular denuders are especially well-suited for preconcentration of trace gases compared to simpler single tube designs. While traditionally coated annular denuders have both bounding surfaces that behave as sinks, annular denuders/membrane-based scrubbers with the same basic geometric design and with only one of the annular surfaces functioning as sink (e.g., a membrane tube whose outer surface behaves as a sink disposed within an inert jacket tube) have become common. However, the gas collection efficiency of such devices cannot be expressed as a simple equation with fixed constants and there is no presently available tool to a priori determine the denuder performance or to design denuders with specific removal efficiencies at specific sampling rates. This paper presents a simple to use “spreadsheet calculator” for concentric annular denuders of any dimension based on known solutions to analogous heat transfer problems. The results from the present spreadsheet calculator are compared with results from a commercial computational fluid dynamics package (Fluent™; this takes significant expertise and development effort to run)—the two approaches produce essentially the same results. The present spreadsheet calculator can be used easily and simply without training and will be a useful tool for denuder users and designers.     

滤波片透过率曲线测量中棱镜单色仪参数的选取

从理论上分析了入射、出射狭缝大小对出射光的光谱宽度和透过率曲线的影响，得到了入射、出射狭缝大小的最佳匹配条件，并通过实验验证了这一结论，分析了鼓轮每次转动格数对测得的透过率曲线的影响，给出了鼓轮每次转动的最佳格数值．     

γ射线辐照对a-SiC:H薄膜结构与特性的影响

 采用射频（13.56 MHz）反应溅射方法制备a-SiC:H 薄膜，并将其在空气中进行高能γ射线(平均为1.25 MeV)辐照，5个样品的吸收剂量分别为0，2×10⁴，4×10⁴，6×10⁴，8×10⁴ Gy。采用拉曼及红外光谱对薄膜的结构进行表征,得到了其结构与特性的变化规律。研究与分析表明：随样品吸收剂量的增加，陷入空穴中的电子会被激发，a-SiC:H薄膜中的SiC成份增加，电阻率变小，数量级为105Ω·cm；薄膜存在结晶化的趋势,其主要原因在于由Si－O－Si键断裂而产生的Si取代膜中C－C键中的C而形成晶态SiC，在此过程中出现了Si－O－Si键及a-SiC:H的减少，晶态SiC的增加。经γ射线辐照后薄膜的氢含量降低，折射率从5.19增大到5.53，辐照后薄膜的透过率均低于原膜的透过率。在500~2 300 cm^-1(对应波长为20.00~5.29 μm)波段内，a-SiC:H薄膜存在一定的增透作用。     

中频脉冲磁控溅射制备氮化铝薄膜

使用中频脉冲磁控溅射技术分别在Si（111）、玻璃以及高速钢基底上沉积A1N薄膜，利用X射线衍射、X射线光电子谱、扫描电镜、紫外荧光、FTIR、精密阻抗分析仪等研究了薄膜的结构、光学及电学性质，结果表明，生成的（002）取向多晶A1N薄膜在可见光区域平均透过率超过75％，在紫外区域也具有较高的透过经，在低频交流区域具有良好的绝缘性。     

Adaptive detection technique for optical wireless communication over strong turbulence channels

Optical wireless communication (OWC) systems use the atmosphere as a propagation medium, so the atmospheric turbulence effects lead to fading related with signal intensity. The received signal of OWC over strong turbulence channels is assumed to be a mixture of K-distributed fading and Gaussian distributed thermal noise. Second-order spectral analysis is unable to separately estimate the mixed signal. In order to mitigate the fading induced by turbulence, the decision threshold-updating algorithm based on second and higher order cumulants is proposed and is able to operate in an unknown turbulence environment. The performance of the adaptive processing scheme has been evaluated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Simulation results show the improvement of the bit error rate (BER) performance.     

双离子束溅射淀积DLC膜的红外特性

用双离子束溅射法在50℃以下的玻璃基片上淀积了类金刚石碳(DLC)膜.研究了轰击离子能量、轰击离子束流密度及轰击源内氢/氩流量比例对淀积片红外透射特性的影响.所用波段是1.5～5.5μm.结果表明,对所有淀积样片,其相对透过率均随波长增长而增大.在每组实验中,随如上各可变参量的增大,各样片的相对透过率～波长曲线均有先上升后下降的规律.确定了各组相应的临界参数.结果还表明,轰击源不含氢并不影响DLC膜的制取,但轰击源合氢时所制得的膜具有更好的红外透射性.从结构变化的角度解释了上述规律.     

Determination of optical properties of slices of turbid media by diffuse CW laser light scattering profilometry

In this work we present a method for determining the optical parameters of turbid media, namely its absorption coefficient (μ_a) and its reduced scattering coefficient . It is based on the measurement of CW transmittance profiles and analysis of the experimental data by a theoretical model based on the diffusion approximation (DA) of the radiative transfer equation (RTE). The method developed has been investigated with solid polymer probes but it could be applied for liquid materials as well. Experimental results are presented and compared to those of other authors together with a discussion about the accuracy of measurements. In addition, measurements using integrating spheres as well as Monte Carlo simulations are also presented to validate these results.