标准金属量器液位图像识别装置的研制

在使用标准金属量器对液体进行计量过程中,传统的人工读取液位的方法测量效率和准确度都比较低。提出了一种高精度的标准量器液位图像识别装置,该装置主要由水平调整和图像处理两部分组成,选用S3C2440 ARM芯片和Linux嵌入式系统作为硬、软件平台。水平调整是通过SCA100T双轴倾角传感器测量量器的倾角并控制步进电机自动调整;对采集的液位图像,由OpenCV进行灰度化、滤波、边缘检测、液位提取,再经过标定计算转换成实际液位高度。实验结果表明该方法能快速测量液位,精度高,应用于燃油加油机计量检定装置上,有较好的推广价值。     

自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的尺度律

根据质量守恒、动量守恒及能量守恒原理,建立了自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的理论模型。通过方程分析法,导出了该问题的尺度律,在此基础上给出了激光辐照液体贮箱的缩比方法,并对一组实例进行了数值计算,得到了缩比模型与原型结果完全相似的结论,模拟结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立。为验证理论模型与数值求解的正确性,本文还针对小尺度模型进行了实验研究,数值模拟结果与实验测量结果符合较好,表明理论模型可靠有效。     

视觉技术在坦克火炮运动参数测量中的应用

为准确、便捷地测量坦克火炮运动参数,设计了一套基于视觉检测技术的测试系统。首先利用平面标定法对系统成像模型进行标定;然后基于迭代寻优的思路,采用动态阈值对光斑图像进行分割,并利用最小二乘法进行圆周拟合,结合光斑的几何特点进行光斑有效性判定,进而迭代获取最优的定位结果;最后结合光斑在投影靶标上的运行距离和时间,获得坦克火炮运动参数。实验结果表明,测试系统能够适应复杂的光照环境,满足对测量精度、重复性、便捷性的要求。     

An experimental investigation of cold storage in an encapsulated thermal storage tank

This paper experimentally investigates the thermal performance and the pressure drop of an encapsulated thermal storage tank during the charging process. A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hollow cylinder is used as the thermal storage tank. The cylindrical capsules inside the thermal storage tank utilize water added with nucleation agents as the phase change material (PCM), and the coolant is the aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the inlet coolant temperature and coolant flow rate on nucleation of capsules, heat transfer and pressure drop of the tank. The results indicate that cool energy can be fully stored in the form of latent heat when the inlet coolant temperature is set below the temperature with 100% nucleation probability. The lower the inlet coolant temperature and the larger the coolant flow rate, the more efficient the storage tank. A correlation for the pressure drop of coolant during a charging process is also developed.     

新型智能球罐焊接机器人视觉传感器的研究

为实现智能球罐焊接机器人的自主运动与焊缝自动跟踪 ,研制了一种新型视觉传感器。该传感器以高分辨率线阵 CCD芯片为核心 ,由光源、滤光片、透镜等光学系统及 CCD驱动电路、光电信号处理电路等组成 ,其中光电处理电路全部由硬件实现。整个视觉传感系统可以避免焊接时弧光的干扰 ,实时、准确地检测出焊缝轨迹线偏差信号 ,具有实时性强、鲁棒性好、成本低、重量轻等优点。借助所研制的视觉传感器 ,球罐焊接机器人能够实现沿焊缝的自主运动和焊炬与焊缝的自动对中 ,满足球罐多层多道焊接工艺要求 ,实现球罐焊接作业的智能化、自动化     

基于投影寻踪法的坦克动力舱热工况综合评价

坦克动力舱的结构和布置方案,对于合理地设计主战坦克动力装置、传动装置、冷却系统和动力系统的总体结构具有重要意义.将投影寻踪法应用于某型主战坦克的动力舱不同结构布置方案热工况综合评价中,不但给出了各方案的综合评价排序,同时得到了各评价指标的权重,为找出最佳布置方案,进行正确决策提供科学依据.     

腔耦合漂移管结构等长化腔列设计

质子直线加速器中使用的脏耦合漂移管加速结构,如采用等长化腔列,可以简化加速腔的制造和调试,降低成本.文中引入粒子动力学系数的新定义,探讨了等长化腔耦合漂移管结构设计方法,并给出部分计算结果.     

Dynamic fluid flow behaviour of a tank draining through a vertical tube

This paper describes the unsteady draining of a sealed tank partially filled with water. The water discharges via a vertical tube into an open tank at atmospheric conditions. The air inflow, compensating for the volume of the discharged liquid, enters the system in an oscillatory manner, much like the “gulping” seen in an upended beer bottle. A mathematical model, based closly on that derived by Dougall & Kathiresan [Chem. Engng Commun. 8, 289–304 (1981)], has been applied to predict the pressure fluctuations in the closed tank. The rate of water discharge from the tank has been predicted and gives a much closer agreement with experimental results than a prediction based on a steady counter-current flooding limitation approach. A drift flux model has been used to describe the two-phase flow effect in the tube and the Wallis flooding criterion has been modified for use in the slug flow regime to describe the boundary conditions at the bottom of the tube. The pressure fluctuations in the sealed tank have been measured and compared with results obtained from the mathematical prediction for a variety of tube diameters.