Determination of total inorganic arsenic in water using on-line pre-concentration and hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry

A rapid and sensitive method for the on-line separation and pre-concentration of inorganic arsenic in water samples is described. The analyte in the pentavalent oxidation state is reduced to its trivalent form with l-cysteine and the total inorganic arsenic is sorbed onto activated alumina in the acid form in a mini-column coupled to a FI-HG AAS system. Afterwards, it is eluted with 3 mol l⁻¹ HCl. An enrichment factor of 7 was obtained, allowing an analytical flow rate of about 28 determinations per hour. The limits of detection (3σ) and of quantification (10σ) were calculated as LOD = 0.15 μg l⁻¹ of As and LOQ = 0.5 μg l⁻¹ of As, respectively. Relative standard deviations (n = 10) less than 8% were obtained for different arsenic concentrations and the accuracy was verified by analysing certified reference materials. Different kinds of samples, such as mineral water, drinking water, river water and natural spring water were analyzed and good agreement was obtained with the values from spiked experiments.     

Synthesis and properties of alumina aerogels

The synthesis of alumina aerogels has been carried out by hydrolysis of aluminium isopropylate as an aerogel precursor dissolved in isopropanol or methanol, followed by gelation of the sols obtained and drying under supercritical conditions and calcination. The influence of two main preparation parameters, precursor concentration and reagents (water to aluminium isopropylate) mole ratio, on the physicochemical properties of aerogels was investigated.     

RaneyFe在浆态相F-T合成中的性能(英文)

由Fe－Al合金经抽滤Al而制得的RaneyFe催化剂对F-T合成表现出较高的活性和低碳烃选择性。三相F－T合成实验是在连续搅拌釜中进行的,结果表明,RaneyFe在应用于F－T合成时具有一些显著性能：和熔铁催化剂相当的抗磨损性能和磁性,与传统应用的催化剂相比有较短的诱导期、高的催化活性和产物选择性,以及易于产物蜡分离的性能等。     

Slurry sampling for the rapid determination of cobalt, nickel and copper in soils and sediments by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Electrothermal atomic absorption procedures for the rapid determination of cobalt, nickel and copper in soil and sediment samples are presented. The samples are suspended in a hydrofluoric acid solution before being injected into the electrothermal atomizer. Prior mild heating in a microwave oven is recommended for nickel and copper determination. No modifier other than hydrofluoric acid is required. The conventional ashing step is unnecessary since the fast-heating programmes lead to well defined atomization profiles with low background levels that can be corrected using a common deuterium device. Calibration is performed directly using aqueous standards. The results obtained for six certified reference materials confirm the reliability of the procedures.     

双重负载钯催化剂用于硝基化合物的催化加氢

将可溶的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮负载的钯催化剂进一步负载到γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３上，得到双重负载的钯催化剂。在少量碱的存在下，这种双重负载的钯催化剂在常温常压下对硝基苯的催化加氢表现出非常高的活性。γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３负载的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮钯催化剂［ＰＶＰ－Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（ｍｅｔｈｏｄＢ）］对硝基苯和ｐ－甲基硝基苯加氢的ＴＯＦｍａｘ（ｍａｘｉｍｕｍｔｕｒｎｏｖｅｒｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ，ｎ（Ｈ２）／（ｎ（Ｐｄ）．ｔ）），分别     

氟硅酸铵处理对γ-Al2O3负载NiW催化剂性质的影响

应用ＩＲ，ＸＰＳ，ＴＰＲ，ＮＯ和ＣＯ２吸附及脉冲微反等技术研究了氟硅酸铵处理前后β－Ａｌ２Ｏ３及负载ＮｉＷ催化剂的表面性质，探讨了其改性机理地催化剂活性相的影响，结果表明，经氟硅酸铵处理后，γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面的不饱和四面体空位及其四配位Ａｌ＾３＋上的强碱性羟基均明显减少，改变了γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面的酸碱性和Ｎｉ＾２＋在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面的分布，使ＮｉＯ倾向分布于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的八面体空位，过量的氟硅     

阴离子型添加剂的分子结构特征对水煤浆浆体性质的影响

选用分子结构特征不同的三类共七种添加剂和变质程度不同的八种煤,对添加剂的分子结构特征与煤质及水煤浆浆体各性质间的匹配规律进行研究。结果表明,以多核芳烃为缩聚单体的磺酸盐类添加剂中甲基取代基的引入对煤的成浆性不利,但有利于浆体向塑性流体转变和静态稳定性的提高;苄基取代基的引入能提高分析基氧体积分数低的煤种的成浆性,但是其浆体的静态稳定性较差。富含极性含氧官能团且变质程度较低的煤种在使用磺化程度较高的腐植酸盐类添加剂制浆时,可以制备出较高定黏浓度的水煤浆。腐植酸类添加剂磺化度较高时改善了浆体的流变性。对于腐植酸类和木质素类添加剂,磺化度较高的添加剂有利于挥发分较高的煤种所制浆体的静态稳定性的提高。     

等温淬火球墨铸铁渣浆泵叶片磨损试验的正交分析

采用正交试验分析了在实验室条件下影响奥贝球铁叶片磨损的因素,探讨了决定叶片材料特性的成分和热处理工艺以及叶、磨料种类等水力学条件对叶片磨损的综合影响,研究结果表明,渣浆泵叶片的磨损失效受到材料特性和水力条件的综合影响;叶片材料成分和热处理工艺交互作用是影响叶磨损的主要因素,其次是磨料种类及叶型症 交试验是研究 渣浆泵磨损规律的有效方法 。     

脱沥青油的催化裂化性质研究

在反应温度510 ℃,剂油比Cat/Oil=5（催化剂为5 g）,空速LHSV=15 h－1的实验条件下于重油微反装置中对几种脱沥青油的催化裂化性能进行了研究,并与掺兑减压渣油的VGO(减压馏分油)的裂化性能进行了对比。研究发现,减压渣油和掺兑催化油浆的减压渣油的丙烷脱沥青油具有较好的产物分布和选择性;而催化油浆的脱沥青油的裂化性能较差。