First-principles study of He trapping in η-Fe_2C

The distribution of He in η-Fe_2C has been studied by first-principles calculations.The formation energies of interstitial He and substitutional He(replacing Fe) are 3.76 eV and 3.49 eV,respectively,which are remarkably smaller than those in bcc Fe,indicating that He is more soluble in η-Fe_2C than in bcc Fe.The binding potencies of both a substitutionalinterstitial He pair(1.28 eV) and a substitutional-substitutional He pair(0.76 eV) are significantly weaker than those in bcc Fe.The binding energy between the two He atoms in an interstitial-interstitial He pair(0.31 eV) is the same as that in bcc Fe,but the diffusion barrier of interstitial He(0.35 eV) is much larger than that in bcc Fe,suggesting that it is more difficult for the interstitial He atom to agglomerate in η-Fe_2C than in bcc Fe.Thus,self-trapping of He in η-Fe_2C is less powerful than that in bcc Fe.As a consequence,small and dense η-Fe_2C particles in ferritic steels might serve as scattered trapping centers for He,slow down He bubble growth at the initial stage,and make the steel more swelling resistant.     

Laplace deep level transient spectroscopy: Embodiment and evolution

This paper is to commemorate the work of Leszek Dobaczewski¹ who devoted much of his life to the development and application of high resolution DLTS.     

用于XRF分析的U-Nb合金试样制备方法

用X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)测量U-Nb合金样品时,其试样制备至关重要。本文用XRF测量U-Nb合金试样的制备方法:首先用HNO3+HF溶样,然后加入柠檬酸溶液,依次经过加热、除酸、络合、定容等过程,最后定量移取试液于滤纸片上,在红外灯下烤干,即制成试样片。该方法制备的U-Nb合金试样片具有平整、不变形、易于封装、可长期存放等特点。     

Large deformation of anisotropic austenitic stainless steel sheets at room temperature: Multi-axial experiments and phenomenological modeling

A newly developed multi-axial testing technique for sheet materials is employed to investigate the inelastic response of a temper-rolled stainless steel 301LN under isothermal quasi-static loading conditions at room temperature. The experimental technique consists of a flat sheet specimen, which is subject to combinations of shear and normal loading using a custom-made dual-actuator system. The large deformation behavior under monotonic loading is determined along more than 20 distinct radial paths in the stress space. The experimental results indicate that Hill's quadratic yield function along with an associated flow rule provides a good approximation of the initial yield behavior of this anisotropic two-phase FCC/BCC sheet material. Based on the experimental data for radial monotonic loading, it is concluded that conventional isotropic-kinematic hardening models cannot successfully describe the strain hardening of this austenitic steel. Instead, a non-associated anisotropic hardening model is proposed that relates the increase in yield strength to an isothermal martensitic transformation kinetics law. The comparison of the model predictions with the experimental results shows very good agreement for all biaxial and uniaxial experiments.     

高纯La-Ni-Al合金成分及杂质元素的分析方法研究

叙述了镧－镍－铝（La-Ni-Al)合金分镍、铝及微量杂质元素锌、铁、锰、镁、硅、铜和钙的ICP－AES测定方法。样品以HNO3（1＋1）溶解,稀释后直接测定主量元素镍和铝;用基体匹配法补偿基体效应测定其他杂质元素。各元素回收率在95％－106％,相对标准偏差优于5％。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高铝锌基合金中的镁

提出了用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高铝锌基合金中镁的方法,在测定条件下,共存元素的干扰可消除,能测定高铝锌基金合中0．001－0．01％,范围内的镁,该方法相对标准偏差＜6％,样品加标回收率为94－102％。     

铸造锌合金中铝、铜、镁、铁、硅、镉的 ICP-AES法测定

采用ICP-AES法测定了铸造锌合金的铝、铜、镁、铁、硅、镉6种元素。并研究了基体对6种被测元素以及被测元素间的干扰。进行了酸度与内标用量试验,以及精密度、准确度、回收率试验,获得了满意的结果。     

AB_5型储氢合金及混合稀土的ICP-AES分析

对于制备镍氢电池负极材料的 AB5型储氢合金 ,制备储氢合金的原材料混合稀土主体元素和杂质元素的分析方法进行了较为详尽的研究。利用仪器的功能软件初步选出各分析元素的多条谱线 ,通过综合考察各干扰元素对分析元素波长的干扰系数 ,确定出各元素的最佳分析波长 ,部分受干扰的元素用干扰系数校正法进行了校正。本法应用于实际产品分析 ,分析精密度为 0 .12 %— 1.32 %之间 ,回收率在94 %— 10 6%之间。     

柱前衍生—反相高效液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌

建立了反相液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌的分析方法。采用HNO3 HF H2 SO4 溶解样品 ,用酒石酸络合铌 ,以 2 (5 溴 2 吡啶偶氮 ) 5 二乙基氨基酚为柱前衍生试剂 ,在C18柱上用甲醇 水 (体积比为 5 6∶4 4 )为流动相 ,其中含 0 .0 1mol·L- 1pH为 3.5的HOAc NaOAc缓冲液。在60 0nm处测定了铌的配合物 ,方法检出限为 1.5 μg·g- 1。应用此法直接测定了合金铸铁和中低合金钢样品中铌 ,其加标回收率为 96.8%～ 10 3.2 %     

化学镀镍磷合金镀层孔隙率的电化学评价

本文通过研究镍磷合金、镍磷合金镀层和碳钢在不同浓度硝酸溶液中的动电位极化曲线 ,选择了能够快速检测镍磷合金镀层孔隙率的硝酸浓度 ,并对不同厚度的镍磷合金镀层试样进行评价 .结果表明 :镍磷合金镀层在 1 0 %硝酸溶液中的动电位极化曲线能准确地反映镀层的孔隙率 ,该硝酸溶液最适合作为应用电化学方法检测镀层孔隙率的检测溶液 ,其变化规律是随着镀层孔隙率的减少 ,镀层的腐蚀电位逐渐正移 .应用常规的孔隙率检测方法只能检测较大的孔隙 .