Influence of solvent on solution processed Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals and annealing induced changes in the optical,structural properties of CZTS film

The well-known quaternary Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) chalcogenide thin films are playing an important role in modern technology. The CZTS nanocrystal were successfully prepared by solution method using water, ethylene glycol and ethylenediamine as different solvent. The pure phase material was used for thin film coating by thermal evaporation method. The prepared CZTS thin films were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, XPS and FT-IR spectroscopy. The XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed the formation of polycrystalline CZTS thin film with tetragonal crystal structure after annealing at 450 ^°C. The oxidation state of the annealed film was studied by XPS. A direct band gap about 1.36 eV was estimated for the film from FT-IR studies, which is nearly close to the optimum value of band gap energy of CZTS materials for best solar cell efficiency. The CZTS annealed thin films are more suitable for using as a p-type absorber layer in a low-cost solar cell.     

Interplay of local resonances and Bragg band gaps in acoustic waveguides with periodic detuned resonators

This letter is concerned with acoustic wave propagation and transmission in acoustic waveguides with periodically grafted detuned Helmholtz resonators. The interplay of local resonances and Bragg band gaps in such periodic systems is examined. It is shown that, when the resonant frequencies of the resonators are tuned close to a Bragg band gap, the behavior of the Bragg band gap can be affected dramatically. Particularly, by introducing appropriately tuned resonators, the bandwidth of a Bragg band gap can be reduced to zero, leading to a very narrow pass band with great wave attenuation performance near both band edges. The band formation mechanisms of such periodic waveguides are further examined, providing explicit formulae to locate the band edge frequencies of all the band gaps, as well as the conditions to achieve very narrow pass bands in such periodic waveguides.     

Phase diagrams of the KF-K<Subscript>2</Subscript>TaF<Subscript>7</Subscript> and KF-Ta<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript> systems

The phase diagrams of the systems KF-K₂TaF₇ and KF-Ta₂O₅ were determined using the thermal analysis method. The phase diagrams were described by suitable thermodynamic model. In the system KF-K₂TaF₇ eutectic points at x _KF=0.716 and t=725.4°C and at x _KF=0.214 and t=712.2°C has been calculated. It was suggested that K₂TaF₇ melts incongruently at around 743°C forming two immiscible liquids. The system KF-Ta₂O₅ have been measured up to 8 mol% of Ta₂O₅. The eutectic point was estimated to be at x _KF∼0.9 and t∼816°C. The formation of KTaO₃ and K₃TaO₂F₄ compounds has been observed in the solidified samples.     

基于二维材料WX_2构建的范德华异质结的结构和性质及应变效应的理论研究

二维材料过渡金属硫属化物(TMDs),因其优越的物理化学特性及其在光电子器件、光催化等领域的潜在应用价值,得到了人们的广泛关注。基于TMDs材料可以构建具有不同性能的范德华(vdW)异质结,但构建的异质结由于其固有的能带带隙大小限制了其在全光谱上的响应,因而对其能带带隙调控变得十分重要。本文基于第一性原理方法系统地研究了WX_2 (X=S, Se, Te)从单层到体相的结构和性质,以及由此组装的vdW异质结构WS_2/WSe_2、WS_2/WTe_2和WSe_2/WTe_2的结构和性质以及应力应变对异质结构的能带带隙的影响。结果表明:结合HSE06泛函和自旋轨道耦合(SOC)效应的计算方案可以精确描述WX_2体系;异质结构WS_2/WSe_2,WS_2/WTe_2和WSe_2/WTe_2呈现type-II能带分类;在施加单轴或双轴的应力应变后,能带带隙大小发生相应改变,当晶格形变大于4%后,异质结构由半导体特性变成具有金属性。这些研究为光电子器件的设计提供了重要的指导意义。     

沉积温度对Cu_2O薄膜生长过程及光电性能的影响(英文)

以硫酸铜为铜源,采用一步化学浴沉积法制备出了晶粒尺寸可调的纳米晶Cu2O薄膜。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外可见分光光度法研究了沉积温度对薄膜晶体结构、成核密度、晶粒尺寸、薄膜厚度和光电性能的影响。结果表明,当在60~90℃范围内调节温度时,能够很好地控制晶粒尺寸、薄膜厚度,并将禁带宽度控制在33~51 nm、392~556 nm和2.47~2.61 eV范围内;随着晶粒尺寸的减小,紫外可见光谱的吸收边有明显的蓝移。此外还对薄膜的生长过程,成核密度和颗粒尺寸变化的机理进行了讨论。     

复合卤氧化铋纳米材料的合成及其光催化性能

采用低温沉淀法合成了一系列Bi OMxN1-x(M,N=Cl、Br、I)(0X1)复合材料,通过XRD、FESEM、TEM、EDS、UV-vis和PL等一系列表征和对有机物罗丹明光催化降解性能的研究表明:通过对复合材料合成过程中卤素离子含量的控制,使得此类固溶体具有独特的微观形貌和可控能带隙,使其在可见光下具有独特的光催化性能。在相同的光照条件下,Bi OCl0.5Br0.5、Bi OCl0.75I0.25和Bi OBr0.75I0.25相对于其他同系列的Bi OMxN1-x(M,N=Cl、Br、I)(0X1)微球样品而言,具有最好的光催化性能。     

自掺杂TiO2纳米管：液相制备及光催化性能

采用水合肼（N₂H₄·H₂O）作为还原剂,在液相环境中制备了自掺杂TiO₂纳米管阵列（NTs）。利用FE-SEM、EDS、XPS、XRD、Raman、UV-Vis/NIR分光光度法以及半导体特性分析系统（Keithley 4200 SCS）分别对样品的形貌,晶体结构,光学特性以及电学性能进行了表征。结果表明：通过这种方法制备的自掺杂TiO₂NTs在带隙中引入了大量的氧空位,创造了氧空位能级,从而提高了样品的电导率,有效提高光生电子-空穴对的产生、分离和传输。此外,由于氧空位的作用,使得TiO₂NTs的带隙变窄,增强了可见光吸收能力,致使样品具有较高的光催化活性,并通过降解甲基橙溶液对样品的光催化活性进行评估。结果显示当光照150min后,自掺杂TiO₂NTs对甲基橙溶液的降解率达73%,并且这种催化剂便于回收和重复使用。     

基于声子晶体带隙特性的薄板减振设计

基于平面波展开法和薄板振动方程,计算了薄板型声子晶体的带隙和减振特性,通过与有限元软件的计算结果验证带隙计算的正确性,并进一步讨论了散射体几何形状及填充率、弹性模量比、密度比等对薄板型声子晶体带隙特性和减振的影响.结果表明正多边形散射体随边数的减小,第一带隙宽度逐渐增加,正方形散射体薄板减振效果明显.填充率对声子晶体带隙特性的影响不是线性的.随散射体基体弹性模量比数量级增大,第一带隙趋于低频,宽度降低.散射体基体弹性模量比较大时,密度比越大,第一带隙宽度越大,对应的薄板结构减振特性越好.     

Surface effect on band structure of magneto-elastic phononic crystal nanoplates subject to magnetic and stress loadings

This paper presents a theoretical model for the size-dependent band structure of magneto-elastic phononic crystal(PC) nanoplates according to the Kirchhoff plate theory and Gurtin-Murdoch theory, in which the surface effect and magneto-elastic coupling are considered. By introducing the nonlinear coupling constitutive relation of magnetostrictive materials, Terfenol-D/epoxy PC nanoplates are carried out as an example to investigate the dependence of the band structure on the surface effect, magn...     

长中半径水平井钻柱接触摩擦阻力分析

用整体钻柱静力模型和间隙元法,分析了长中半径水平井钻柱的接触非线性问题,算出了钻柱与井壁接触摩擦阻力的分布,为水平井井眼轨道设计和施工提供了重要参数。