ATR-FTIR光谱法快速测定BOPP薄膜的厚度和定量

应用傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)分析技术,结合偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了预测BOPP薄膜厚度和定量等物理指标的校正模型。将模型的预测结果与标准方法测定结果比较,在显著性水平为5%的条件下,两种方法不存在显著性差异。该方法用于BOPP薄膜厚度和定量等物理指标的测定,操作简捷、准确,结果令人满意。     

自发形核生长的AlN单晶湿法腐蚀研究

采用湿法腐蚀工艺,使用熔融态KOH和NaOH作为腐蚀剂,对一种物理气相传输(PVT)自发形核新工艺在2100~2250 ℃条件下生长的AlN单晶进行了腐蚀实验.通过实验及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果分析,得到了典型的AlN单晶c面、r系列面及m面最佳的腐蚀工艺参数及腐蚀形貌.另外,基于腐蚀形貌分析,发现了采用该自发形核新工艺生长的AlN晶体某些独特习性并计算出AlN单晶腐蚀坑密度(EPD).     

气相沉积法制备多孔ZnO薄膜及其光伏特性

通过气相沉积法, 在大气环境下退火, 制备了多孔ZnO薄膜. 这种多孔ZnO薄膜的制备方法具有成膜过程简单且工艺可精确控制等特点. 将多孔ZnO薄膜用胶体CdSe量子点来敏化获得太阳能电池, 具有1.01%的能量转换效率.     

钯膜电极在电位滴定中的应用研究

报道钯膜电极在电位滴定中的应用。研究证明,它适用于化学分析法的五种类型的滴定,如沉淀滴定、氧化－还原滴定、酸碱滴定、非水溶剂滴定和某些形成络合物反应的滴定中作为指示电极,所获结果与化学标准方法吻合。     

显微共焦拉曼光谱研究电化学合成聚苯胺膜

显微共焦拉曼技术被用来研究电化学合成的聚苯胺（PANI）膜. 研究结果表明：在不同的激发光聚焦深度，聚苯胺膜的拉曼光谱有明显变化.从而反映出聚苯胺膜的掺杂程度在膜生长过程中随膜厚度的增长而增加. 并由X射线电子能谱（XPS）和紫外吸收光谱（UV）分析证实.     

Measurement and modeling on hydrodynamic forces and deformation of an air bubble approaching a solid sphere in liquids

The interaction between bubbles and solid surfaces is central to a broad range of industrial and biological processes. Various experimental techniques have been developed to measure the interactions of bubbles approaching solids in a liquid. A main challenge is to accurately and reliably control the relative motion over a wide range of hydrodynamic conditions and at the same time to determine the interaction forces, bubble–solid separation and bubble deformation. Existing experimental methods are able to focus only on one of the aspects of this problem, mostly for bubbles and particles with characteristic dimensions either below 100 μm or above 1 cm. As a result, either the interfacial deformations are measured directly with the forces being inferred from a model, or the forces are measured directly with the deformations to be deduced from the theory. The recently developed integrated thin film drainage apparatus (ITFDA) filled the gap of intermediate bubble/particle size ranges that are commonly encountered in mineral and oil recovery applications. Equipped with side-view digital cameras along with a bimorph cantilever as force sensor and speaker diaphragm as the driver for bubble to approach a solid sphere, the ITFDA has the capacity to measure simultaneously and independently the forces and interfacial deformations as a bubble approaches a solid sphere in a liquid. Coupled with the thin liquid film drainage modeling, the ITFDA measurement allows the critical role of surface tension, fluid viscosity and bubble approach speed in determining bubble deformation (profile) and hydrodynamic forces to be elucidated. Here we compare the available methods of studying bubble–solid interactions and demonstrate unique features and advantages of the ITFDA for measuring both forces and bubble deformations in systems of Reynolds numbers as high as 10. The consistency and accuracy of such measurement are tested against the well established Stokes–Reynolds–Young–Laplace model. The potential to use the design principles of the ITFDA for fundamental and developmental research is demonstrated.     

Efficient synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle-Musa acuminata peel composite for the adsorption of anionic dye

The impregnation of magnetite (Mt) nanoparticle (NPs) onto Musa acuminata peel (MApe), to form a novel magnetic combo (MApe-Mt) for the adsorption of anionic bromophenol blue (BPB) was studied. The SEM, EDX, BET, XRD, FTIR and TGA were used to characterize the adsorbents. The FTIR showed that the OH and CO groups were the major sites for BPB uptake onto the adsorbent materials. The average Mt crystalline size on MApe-Mt was 21.13 nm. SEM analysis revealed that Mt NPs were agglomerated on the surface of the MApe biosorbent, with an average Mt diameter of 25.97 nm. After Mt impregnation, a decrease in BET surface area (14.89 to 3.80 m²/g) and an increase in pore diameter (2.25–3.11 nm), pore volume (0.0052–0.01418 cm³/g) and pH point of zero charge (6.4–7.2) was obtained. The presence of Pb(II) ions in solution significantly decreased the uptake of BPB onto both MApe (66.1–43.8%) and MApe-Mt (80.3–59.1%), compared to other competing ions (Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II)) in the solution. Isotherm modeling showed that the Freundlich model best fitted the adsorption data (R² > 0.994 and SSE < 0.0013). In addition, maximum monolayer uptake was enhanced from 6.04 to 8.12 mg/g after Mt impregnation. Kinetics were well described by the pseudo-first order and liquid film diffusion models. Thermodynamics revealed a physical, endothermic adsorption of BPB onto the adsorbents, with ΔH^o values of 15.87–16.49 kJ/mol, corroborated by high desorption (over 90%) of BPB from the loaded materials. The viability of the prepared adsorbents was also revealed in its reusability for BPB uptake.     

2A12-T6铝合金表面双-(γ-三乙氧基硅丙基)四硫化物薄膜的特性

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了2A12-T6铝合金表面自组装双-(!-三乙氧基硅丙基)四硫化物硅烷偶联剂(SCA)薄膜结构特征,并采用电化学极化曲线评价了薄膜的耐蚀性能.结果表明,铝材表面自然晾干,SCA薄膜分子之间主要通过氢键连接,腐蚀电流密度减小1个数量级以上.120℃的加热处理促进铝板表面通过SiOSi链接而形成SCA网状薄膜结构,并通过在界面上形成SiOAl界面相结构而与铝板表面牢固连接,腐蚀电流密度降低2个数量级以上.SCA乙醇溶液浸泡处理10min比浸泡2s～1min的铝板表面SCA薄膜内氢键缔合羟基要多.     

Application of monodisperse TiO2 nanoparticles with the size of 8–10 nm in dye-sensitized solar cells

In this paper, the commercial monodisperse TiO₂ nanoparticles with the size of 8–10 nm were successfully applied to the photoelectrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) and the influence of the thickness of the TiO₂ thin films on the photovoltaic performance of the DSCs was investigated. The result revealed that the DSCs with the TiO₂ thin film thickness of 3.6, 8.0, 11.6 and 20.0 μm gave the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.67%, 5.92%, 6.71% and 7.03%, respectively, under the illumination of simulated AM 1.5 sunlight (100 mW cm⁻²).     

Circular patterns of calcium oxalate crystals induced by defective Langmuir-Blodgett film

The injury of the renal epithelial cell membrane can promote the nucleation of nascent crystals, as well as adhesion of crystals on it. It thus accelerates the formation of renal calculi. In this paper, the defective Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were used as a model system to simulate the injured renal epithelial cell membrane. The microcosmic structure of the defective LB film and the molecular mechanism of the effect of this film on nucleation, growth, deposited patterns and adhesion of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) were investigated. The circular defective domains were formed in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) LB film after the film was treated by potassium oxalate. These domains could induce ring-shaped patterns of COM crystals. In comparison, the LB film without pretreatment by potassium oxalate only induced random growth of hexagonal COM crystals. As the crystallization time increased, the size of COM crystals in the patterns increased, the crystal patterns changed from empty circles to solid circles, and the number of the circular patterns with small size (5-20 μm) increased. The results would shed light on the molecular mechanism of urolithiasis induced by injury of the renal epithelial membrane at the molecular and supramolecular level.