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221.
聚四氟乙烯微胞孔膜的结构和表征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
使用多种方法制备了聚四氟乙烯微胞孔膜,以扫描电子显微镜、化学分析电子能谱及鼓泡测孔径法表征,结果表明,通过等离子体聚合,乙烯-四氟乙烯枝沉淀于基体膜上的方法能可控地获得良好的表征。 相似文献
222.
Rapid dissolution procedure for base-metals-bearing complex materials for quality control assessment
A less labour-intensive method, involving a mixture of 1.0 g MnO2 + 20 mL HCl (11), is proposed for decomposing seven ores and six metallurgical products for accurate and precise estimation of copper, lead, zinc, cobalt and nickel for quality control assessment. Twentyone international reference materials were also analysed. Results of regression analyses are presented and intermethod comparison studies reveal that the probability of results being different compared with a reference method was less than 1%. Sample decomposition is straightforward and the method has been found to be very simple, rapid and easily adaptable, as it involves no separation of the analyte from the matrix elements. 相似文献
223.
Kaj Heydorn 《Mikrochimica acta》1991,105(1-3):1-10
In scientific research laboratories it is rarely possible to use quality assurance schemes, developed for large-scale analysis. Instead methods have been developed to control the quality of modest numbers of analytical results by relying on statistical control:
Analysis of precision serves to detect analytical errors by comparing thea priori precision of the analytical results with the actual variability observed among replicates or duplicates. The method relies on the chi-square distribution to detect excess variability and is quite sensitive even for 5–10 results.
Interference control serves to detect analytical bias by comparing results obtained by two different analytical methods, each relying on a different detection principle and therefore exhibiting different influence from matrix elements; only 5–10 sets of results are required to establish whether a regression line passes through the origo.
Calibration control is an essential link in the traceability of results. Only one or two samples of pure solid or aqueous standards with accurately known content need to be analyzed.
Verification is carried out by analyzing certified reference materials from BCR, NIST, or others; their limited accuracy of 5–10% make them less suitable for calibration purposes. 相似文献
224.
Agustín Urretabizkaia Gurutze Arzamendi María J. Unzu Jos M. Asua 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(9):1779-1788
A method for the calculation of the optimal monomer addition policies for polymer composition control in emulsion terpolymerization is developed. The method is applied to reactors with and without limited heat removal capacity. A mathematical model that incorporates the main features of the vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate high solids content emulsion terpolymerization system allows the calculation of the composition of the initial charge of the reactor and the time-dependent monomer addition rates required. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
225.
Traceability of the measurement of analytical parameters capable of evaluating the performance of methods is an important
concept for the assessment of quality for the routine control, especially for residue monitoring of non-authorized medicinal
substances in food from animal origin. The European Decision no. 657/2002/EC recommends to calculate two statistical limits,
CCα and CCβ, which allow to evaluate the critical concentrations above which the method reliably distinguish and quantify
a substance taking into account the variability of the method and the statistical risk to take a wrong decision. The calculation,
which can be derived from the ISO standard no. 11843 is applied on a routine basis. An example displays a very simple way
for evaluating the performance of an LC-MSMS method which has been validated a few years ago and is qualified onto a Micromass
Quattro LCZ tandem mass spectrometer to monitor and confirm the nitrofuran metabolite residues in food from animal origin.
Community Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Veterinary Drug Residue Control in Food from Animal Origin 相似文献
226.
C. S. Hsu 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1985,46(4):547-569
A discrete method of optimal control is proposed in this paper. The continuum state space of a system is discretized into a cell state space, and the cost function is discretized in a similar manner. Assuming intervalwise constant controls and using a finite set of admissible control levels (u) and a finite set of admissible time intervals (), the motion of the system under all possible interval controls (u, ) can then be expressed in terms of a family of cell-to-cell mappings. The proposed method extracts the optimal control results from these mappings by a systematic search, culminating in the construction of a discrete optimal control table.The possibility of expressing the optimal control results in the form of a control table seems to give this method a means to make systems real-time controllable.Dedicated to G. LeitmannThe material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. MEA-82-17471. The author is also indebted to Professor G. Leitmann for his many helpful comments. 相似文献
227.
228.
A. Amengual 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1994,41(6):1557-1569
The development of a temperature control system based on semiconductor thermobatteries has been used in a set of devices for studying the martensitic transformation. The devices range from a simple stage for an optical microscope to a more elaborated system as a differential scanning calorimeter [1]. Here the attention is placed in this last system. The general problems of the temperature scanning calorimetry are reviewed from the signal theory point of view and the solutions applied to our system discussed. Some measurements are shown as an example of its application. 相似文献
229.
Following a freeze-thaw cycle, and the treatment of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides withthe nonionic detergent Lubrol PX, the permeabilized cell suspensions can be assayed directlyboth for the intracellular levels of glutamine synthetase and the state of adenylylation(i.e. the average number n of adenylylated subunits/dodecameric molecules). It seems that all components of the bicycle system are retained if cells grown with lowconcentrations of a?monia as the sole nitrogen source are used. The value of n was depend-ent upon the concentration of substrates (ATP, Pi) and allosteric effectors (ATP, gluta-mine and α-ketoglutarate) of adenylyltransferase. The value of n affected by UTP, thespecific substrate of the uridylyltransferase shows first the evidence that the bicycle cascadecontrol system studied in Escherichia coli may exist in this phototrophic bacterium. 相似文献
230.