Preparation of long-afterglow colloidal solution of Sr2MgSi2O7: Eu, Dy by laser ablation in liquid

We have successfully prepared a novel nanoparticle solution of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ with afterglow properties by means of laser ablation in liquid. This process also produced by-products of different kinds, depending on the liquid used. The amount of by-product and the size of the nanoparticles were controlled by the energy density of laser ablation. The amount of by-product was reduced by a decrease in the energy density, which also decreased the particle size of the nanoparticles. The PL spectrum of the nanoparticles was the same as that of the target materials used for laser ablation. The afterglow properties deteriorated with a decrease in particle size. We concluded that an increase in specific surface area caused by a decrease in particle size resulted in the decrease of luminescent intensity.     

Characterization of argon metastable species as function of time, space, and current of a pulsed dc glow discharge

Optical measurements performed through an iCCD camera equipped with an optical bandpass filter have been carried out on a pulsed dc glow discharge (GD) in order to study the spatial, temporal, and current dependency of the 1s₅ (³P₂) Ar metastable (Ar*) species. For the spatial and temporal study the pressure was held constant at 1 hPa. The combination of the iCCD camera with the bandpass filter has allowed to acquire time-resolved images of the Ar* in a spatial region between the cathode and the anode. Those measurements have been performed through optical emission and absorption spectroscopy and have shown that the Ar* during the powering phase of the pulsed GD maximize in a spatial region close to the cathode (ca. 1 mm) and that at the end of the pulsed GD, in the so-called afterglow region, the Ar* maximize in a spatial region far from the cathode (between 6–8 mm). Then they reach their maximum intensity within the first 100 μs and decay within 200–250 μs, both after the end of the GD. It has also been observed that the Ar* species increase by increasing current.     

Al替代对β-Ga2 O3∶Cr3＋结构与发光性能影响

高温固相法制备了（Ga1- x Alx ）2 O3∶Cr3＋（x＝0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5）系列荧光粉。X射线衍射分析表明Al3＋含量增加后,物相依然保持β-Ga2 O3的相。此外随着Al离子含量的逐渐增加,高衍射角峰位向右移动表明Al离子进入了β-Ga2 O3晶格中。激发光谱中258,300,410和550 nm左右的峰位分别对应基质Ga2 O3的带与带的吸收跃迁、电荷迁移带跃迁、Cr3＋的4 A2→4 T1以及4 A2→4 T2跃迁。随着Al离子掺杂量的增加,激发光谱峰位都呈现出不同程度的蓝移现象,这分别是由于基质的带隙能量、C r3＋与配体之间的电负性以及晶场强度增大所导致的。在发射光谱中,随着Al3＋替代Ga3＋,Cr3＋的发光由宽带发射变为窄带发射,这是由于Al3＋的掺入改变了Cr3＋周围的晶场,从而Cr3＋的红光发射由原来的4 T2→4 A2变为2 E→4 A2跃迁发射。Al离子掺杂改善了样品的长余辉发光特性,并且Al离子含量达到0.5时显示出较长时间的肉眼可见的近红外余辉发射。热释发光曲线显示材料中具有合适的陷阱能级,这也是材料产生长余辉发光的原因。     

The effect of calcium substitution on the afterglow of Eu2+/Dy3+ doped Sr4Al14O25

The effect of calcium substitution on the afterglow of tetrastrontium aluminate phosphors (Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺) was investigated. A series of (Sr₁-_xCa_x)O⊎nAl₂O₃:Eu²⁺(1%), Dy³⁺(0.5%), with variation of calcium content (x = 0 − 1), were synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction in a reducing atmosphere. The photoluminescence, persistent luminescence (afterglow), and lumen equivalents of these materials were studied and compared. It turned out that the afterglow properties of the phosphors were strongly dependent on the Sr/Ca ratio. As the Ca content increased, a phase transition and blue shift in emission spectra were observed.      

Photoluminescence and afterglow behavior of Eu, Dy and Eu, Dy in Sr3Al2O6 matrix

This paper reports the photoluminescence and afterglow behavior of Eu²⁺ and Eu³⁺ in Sr₃Al₂O₆ matrix co-doped with Dy³⁺. The samples containing Eu²⁺ and Eu³⁺ were prepared via solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD), photo luminescent spectroscope (PLS) and thermal luminescent spectroscope (TLS) were employed to characterize the phosphors. The comparison between the emission spectra revealed that Sr₃Al₂O₆ phosphors doped with Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ and Eu³⁺, Dy³⁺ showed different photoluminescence. The phosphor doped with Eu³⁺, Dy³⁺ showed an intrinsic f-f transition generated from Eu³⁺, with two significant emissions at 591 and 610 nm. However, the phosphor doped with Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ revealed a broad d-f emission centering around 512 nm. After the UV source was turned off, Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ activated Sr₃Al₂O₆ phosphor showed excellent afterglow while Eu³⁺, Dy³⁺ activated phosphor almost showed no afterglow. Thermal simulated luminescence study indicated that the persistent afterglow of Sr₃Al₂O₆: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ phosphor was generated by suitable electron traps formed by the co-doped rare-earth ions (Dy³⁺) within the host.     

Influence on the long afterglow properties by the environmental temperature

Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ (SMED) and Ba₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ (BMED) were synthesized with the solid-state reaction. The SMED shows long afterglow while the afterglow of BMED is not visible at room temperature. When the environmental temperature is 150 °C, the afterglow of SMED is not obvious while the BMED shows the long afterglow. The decay curves measured at different temperatures conform to this phenomenon. It ascribes to the different trap depths of different samples. The thermoluminescence (TL) curves of SMED peaks at 80 °C. BMED has two TL peaks peaking at about 80 and 175 °C respectively. The low temperature peak is weak and its density is small. The high-temperature peak reveals that one trap of BMED is deeper than the one of SMED. The afterglows of the phosphors strongly depend on the environmental temperature since the lifetime of the trapping carriers is temperature-dependence. BMED is a potential optimum long afterglow phosphor for the purpose of high-temperature application.     

Enhanced luminescent properties of long-persistent Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu, Dy phosphor prepared by the co-precipitation method

Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ phosphors were prepared by the (aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) co-precipitation method. Effects of synthesis temperature on the crystal characteristics, luminescent properties and afterglow performance of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ phosphors have been discussed in detail and compared with the corresponding commercial product. The experimental results indicated that the sample could be synthesized at a relatively lower temperature and had better performance on the above-mentioned properties using the co-precipitation method.     

长余辉发光粉Ba1-xCaxAl2O4:Eu2+, RE3+的发光特性及光谱分析

采用高温固相法制备了长余辉发光粉Ba1-xCaxAl2O4:Eu^2 ,RE^3 (RE^3 =Dy^3 ,Nd^3 ),测量了其发射光谱、激发光谱、余辉衰减光谱和热释光谱,分析了其发光特性。在紫外线的激发下样品的发射波长随着x的变化而变化,x从0到0．6的范围变化时,发射波长相应地从498nm减小到440nm,当x大于0．6以后,波长保持440nm不再变化。通过XRD光谱对其结构进行了分析,得出Ca离子在BaAl2O4基质中有极限溶解度x0=0．4,当x大于0．4时,基质结构中出现杂相。通过热释光谱,对基质中的陷阱情况进行了分析,解释了由于x值的不同而造成的余辉时间长短的差异。     

Photoluminescence of Eu single doped and Eu/Dy codoped Sr2Al2SiO7 phosphors with long persistence

This paper reports the preparation of long persistent Sr₂Al₂SiO₇:Eu²⁺ and Sr₂Al₂SiO₇:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ phosphors and the comparison of their photoluminescent properties. The silicate phosphors prepared by solid-state reaction routine showed a broad blue emission peaking at 484 nm when activated by UV illumination. Such a bluish-green emission can be attributed to the intrinsic 4f-5d transitions of Eu²⁺. After the UV source was switched off, long persistent phosphorescence could be observed by naked eyes for both samples in darkness. Afterglow measurements revealed that Eu/Dy codoped phosphor possesses better afterglow properties than the Eu single doped one, since the maximum lifetime (τ_max=99 s) of the photons calculated from the decay profile is much larger than that of the Eu single doped phosphor (τ_max=82 s). TSL results suggested that the difference in afterglow properties was caused by the difference in the electron traps within the crystal lattice. For Eu/Dy codoped phosphor, the doping of Dy ions produced electron traps with trap depth of 0.52 eV, which is suitable and therefore leads to good persistence. However, in the case of Eu single doped phosphor, the trap depth is 0.88 eV, which is really too deep an energy barrier to overcome, and therefore a poor persistence was observed in the experiment.     

Blue long-lasting phosphorescence of Ti-doped BaZrO3 perovskites

Long-lasting phosphorescence was observed from Ti-doped BaZrO₃ perovskite synthesized by a solid-state reaction. The phosphorescence color is blue and the phosphorescence can still be seen with the naked eye in the dark for 30 min or more after stopping UV irradiation. By the measurements of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra, it was confirmed that F⁺ center and Zr³⁺ exist in non-luminescent undoped BaZrO₃ and their concentrations decreased with the additive amount of TiO₂. It is expected that the luminescence center is F_A center composed of Ti³⁺ and F⁺ center.