The capacity planning problem in make-to-order enterprises

This paper addresses the short-term capacity planning problem in a make-to-order (MTO) operation environment. A mathematical model is presented to aid an operations manager in an MTO environment to select a set of potential customer orders to maximize the operational profit such that all the selected orders are fulfilled by their deadline. With a given capacity limit on each source for each resource type, solving this model leads to an optimal capacity plan as required for the selected orders over a given (finite) planning horizon. The proposed model considers regular time, overtime, and outsourcing as the sources for each resource type. By applying this model to a small MTO operation, this paper demonstrates a contrast between maximal capacity utilization and optimal operational profit.     

邮政运输网络中的邮路规划和邮车调度研究

邮政运输网络是邮政企业运营的重要保障,而邮路规划和邮车调度设计是决定邮政运输网络效率的关键因素,问题1的邮路规划问题归结为带返程货的车辆路由问题,该问题是NP-难的,采用改进蚁群算法,通过对单环路旅行商问题进行断环分析,将运行线路的好坏反馈给蚁群算法的目标函数,求取最终的优化路径.第二问邮路规划扩展到了全区,采用有优先级的分县优化途径寻求最佳邮路.最后,给出模型的评价及改进方向.     

汽车4S店维修车间的优化调度分析

调度研究的问题是将稀缺资源分配给在一定时间内的不同任务,它是一个决策过程,其目的是优化一个或多个目标。对实际问题的优化调度可以帮助企业提高资源利用率,减少客户等待时间,提升竞争力,对汽车4S维修服务站的优化调度问题进行研究,剖析这一实际应用问题的调度目标、机器环境、加工特征和约束等细节,提出了优化调度模型,设计了调度算法。然后,通过实例,简要分析了模型及算法的可行性.     

铁路客运网络列车开行方案优化模型的列生成算法

列车开行方案的设计是铁路旅客运输组织规划中的一个重要环节。本文首先给出了一个综合考虑铁路旅客运输的经济效益和公共服务性的优化模型,以铁路旅客运输的公共效益最大化为目标,对整个铁路客运网络上不同始发-终到和不同停站方式的列车开行方案进行优化。然后提出了一个求解此模型的启发式列生成算法,该算法与标准列生成算法相比,可以减少迭代次数并缩短收敛时间。最后给出一组利用随机生成的网络和需求进行求解的算例,验证本算法可以在较短时间内求解较大规模的铁路网络列车开行方案优化问题,并能有效缩小问题规模。     

Other than chance and necessity; intention and purpose by design

Very little success has been enjoyed by decision makers in managing the life threatening problems found in the world today using techniques borrowed from the natural sciences and humanities. New promise, however, can be found in the expanded and transdisciplinary notion of the Systems Approach as developed by C. West Churchman. Using Churchman's work as a base for transdisciplinary inquiry, the new image of the dynamics of complex systems presented in the work of Ilya prigogine and others is brought to bear on the most complex system of all; social systems and the roles played by two types of social system participants; designers and planners. Designers provide the trigger in social systems leading to the dynamic system behavior described by prigogine as bifurcation which leads to rebirth and renewal in complex social systems (progress). However, unlike Prigogine's random perturbation, the designed trigger is full of intent and purpose. The complementary role of the planner is to determine the ideal level of systems performance compared to the actual level of performance and to determine how to more closely approximate the ideal (improvement).     

基于可信性理论的两阶段生产计划模型

为了准确有效地处理农业生产中的不确定性因素,基于可信性理论和两阶段模糊优化方法提出一类新的带有最小风险准则的两阶段模糊农业生产计划模型.然后,讨论可信性函数的逼近方法并且设计一个基于逼近方法、神经网络和模拟退火的启发式算法来求解这个两阶段模糊农业生产计划最小风险模型.最后,给出一个数值例子来表明所设计算法的可行性和有效性.     

音乐厅音质设计进展述评

本文对近年来音乐厅音质设计中若干问题的进展作一述评。（1）在已建立的众多独立音质参量基础上，如何作出大厅综合评价，就需要考虑到它们的互动性和贡献权，方法学将成为关键。（2）空间感已确认由声源视在展宽度ASW和听者环绕感LEV组成，对于影响两者的诸多复杂因素有了较深入研究，这声场中的细节又将如何与大厅设计相联系亦备受关注。（3）听众及座椅吸声这个老问题有了新的研究成果，对于空、满场的声学关系已积累了更多资料，使大厅音质的估算更为精确可靠。（4）常说扩散对大厅音质很重要，但其主观效应仍然处于玄虚状态，一些新的主观试听实验结果还不足以说明问题。