塑料闪烁体的辐照特性

利用⁶⁰Co放射源分别对3种塑料闪烁体(BC-408, EJ-200, BC-404)进行辐照损伤研究, 比较辐照前后的透射谱、发射谱及光产额的变化, 发现3种闪烁体在低剂量具有较好的抗辐照性能; 当照射剂量超过1.44×10⁴Gy时,透射谱明显变坏, 光输出减少很严重, 但发射谱却保持不变.     

掺杂对碳纳米管拉曼光谱及场发射性能的影响

采用高温热解法在860℃分别制备出了镓、氮以及硼和氮掺杂的碳纳米管,提纯后利用丝网印刷工艺分别将它们制备成薄膜,并测试了它们的拉曼光谱与场发射性能。测试结果表明,掺杂纳米管的缺陷密集度比纯碳纳米管明显增大,而它们的场致电子发射性能则与掺杂元素的性质密切相关。镓和氮掺杂的纳米管均具有非常优异的场发射性能,而硼和氮共掺杂的纳米管的场发射性能很差。掺杂引起碳纳米管费米能级附近能态密度的变化及功函数的降低是其具有优异场致电子发射性能的主要原因。     

掺杂Er^3＋的TiO2的发射光谱研究

用无水乙醇、冰醋酸、钛酸丁酯凝胶法制备了掺杂Er^3＋的TiO2粉末，测量了其在488m激发下的Stokes发射光谱和980nm激发下的上转换发光光谱。在可见光范围内，观察到了绿光和红光，绿光从500-570nm，对应Er^3＋的^2H11/2,^4S3／2→^4I15/2，红光从650～690m，对应Er^3＋的^4F9／2→^4I15／2的跃迁。由ln Ivis-In Iin曲线可知，绿光和红光均为双光子过程，光强正比于泵浦功率的二次方，即Iout ∝Iin。初步研究了此材料的上转换过程。     

Holographic interferometry as electrochemical emission spectroscopy of a carbon steel in 5–20 ppm TROS C-70 inhibited seawater

In the present investigation, holographic interferometry was utilized for the first time to determine the rate change of the number of the fringe evolutions during the corrosion test of a carbon steel in blank seawater and seawater with different concentrations of a corrosion inhibitor. In other words, the anodic dissolution behaviors (corrosion) of the carbon steel were determined simultaneously by holographic interferometry, as an electromagnetic method, and by the electrochemical impedance (EI) spectroscopy, as an electronic method. So, the abrupt rate change of the number of the fringe evolutions during corrosion tests, EI spectroscopy, of the carbon steel is called electrochemical emission spectroscopy. The corrosion process of the steel samples was carried out in blank seawater and seawater with different concentrations, 5–20 ppm, of TROS C-70 corrosion inhibitor using the EI spectroscopy method, at room temperature. The electrochemical-emission spectra of the carbon steel in different solutions represent a detailed picture of the rate change of the anodic dissolution of the steel throughout the corrosion processes. Furthermore, the optical interferometry data of the carbon steel were compared to the data, which was obtained from the EI. spectroscopy. Consequently, holographic interferometry is found very useful for monitoring the anodic dissolution behaviors of metals, in which the number of the fringe evolutions of the steel samples can be determined in situ.     

Spectroscopy of the regenerative soot

The mechanisms and processes of the formation of the regenerative soot in a graphite hollow cathode discharge that produces and emits carbon clusters are presented. Mass spectrometry with a specially designed E×B velocity filter analyzes the entire range of the charged clusters from C ₁ to ∼C ₄₃₀₀. The state of the carbon vapour within the source is evaluated by using the characteristic line emissions from the carbonaceous discharge whose formative mechanisms depend upon the kinetic and potential sputtering of the sooted cathode. The carbonaceous discharge generates atomic and ionic C and its clusters C _m (m≥ 2), noble gas metastable atoms and ions, energetic electrons and photons in the cavity of the graphite hollow cathode. The parameters of soot formation and its recycling depend critically on the discharge parameters, the geometry of the hollow cathode and 3D profile of the cusp magnetic field contours. Received 2nd July 2001 and Received in final form 10 September 2001     

Optical current transducers using flint glass fiber as the faraday sensor element

This paper describes development of the optical current transducers using flint glass fiber as the Faraday effect sensing element. Excellent polarization properties of the fiber with low birefringence are described, and the design and test data of a current transducer using the fiber manufactured for use in electric power facilities are reviewed. Experimental results on flexible characteristics of a scheme with round trip light transmission in the fiber is also reported.     

Effects of UV photon irradiation on SiOx (0 < x < 2) structural properties

Thin films of a-SiO_x (0 < x < 2) were prepared by reactive r.f. magnetron sputtering from a polycrystalline-silicon target in an Ar/O₂ gas mixture. The oxygen partial pressure in the deposition chamber was varied so as to obtain films with different values of x. The plasma was monitored, during depositions, by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) system. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) measurements and infra-red (IR) spectroscopy were used to study the compositional and structural properties of the deposited layers.Structural modifications of SiO_x thin films have been induced by UV photons’ bombardment (wavelength of 248 nm) using a pulsed laser. IR spectroscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the structural changes as a function of x value and incident energy. SiO_x phase separation by spinodal decomposition was revealed. The IR peak position shifted towards high wavenumber values when the laser energy is increased. Values corresponding to the SiO₂ material (only Si⁴⁺) have been found for laser irradiated samples, independently on the original x value. The phase separation process has a threshold energy that is in agreement with theoretical values calculated for the dissociation energy of the investigated material.For high values of the laser energy, crystalline silicon embedded in oxygen-rich silicon oxide was revealed by Raman spectroscopy.     

A high sensitivity titration calorimeter using pyroelectric sensor

A new sensitive isothermal titration microcalorimeter using polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) as detector has been developed. Heat pulses of less than 0.4 μJ can be detected and the baseline noise level (p-p) is 40 nW. The calorimeter is constructed with one reaction cell (0.7 ml) insulated by several radiation shields inside a vacuum chamber. The performance of the instrument was examined by measuring the heat of protonation of Tris with HCl. The enthalpy of reaction was found to be ?49±1 kJ·mol^?1, in good agreement with the reported value of ?47.5 kJ·mol^?1.     

光纤法布里-珀罗传感器腔长的傅里叶变换解调原理研究

在宽带光源条件下对光纤法布里-珀罗传感器腔长的傅里叶变换解调原理进行了详细的理论推导,在此基础上给出了具体的实现算法和仿真对比实验.仿真结果表明:采用傅里叶变换可以有效地对光纤法布里-珀罗传感器进行腔长解调.