Seasonal variations of radon and the radiation exposure levels in Nerja cave, Spain

²²²Rn concentrations in the air in Nerja cave (Spain) (3° 52′35′′W 36° 43′50′′N) were measured by continuous monitoring using Alpha-Guard, Genitron instrument equipment. The ²²²Rn measurements were carried out for a complete annual cycle in the different halls: Vestibule hall from July 2003 to June 2004, Ballet hall from July 2004 to June 2005 and Mirador hall from July 2005 to June 2006. Starting from the entrance of the cave we successively find the Vestibule hall, the Ballet hall and the Mirador hall. The range of ²²²Rn levels were of 8–627 Bq m⁻³ for the Vestibule hall, 28–575 Bq m⁻³ for the Ballet hall and 38–578 Bq m⁻³ for the Mirador. The aim of this study was to detect seasonal variation patterns of ²²²Rn concentrations. The seasonal variations of ²²²Rn concentrations are discussed in relation to various meteorological factors measured inside and outside the cave. The radiation exposure levels for workers and tourists with different equilibrium factors have been evaluated. The radiation exposure levels for workers and tourists only represent a low percentage of the exposure guides for the general population.     

辐射变色膜片对质子剂量响应的实验标定

 利用串列静电加速器产生的5~9 MeV的质子束对HD-810型辐射变色膜片（RCF）进行了标定。用分光光度计和普通的商用平板扫描仪对辐照后的RCF透过率进行了测量,得到了光学密度变化随RCF灵敏层吸收剂量的变化曲线。标定实验结果表明:在一定的吸收剂量范围内,RCF的光学密度变化与RCF灵敏层中吸收剂量成线性关系,并且与质子能量无关。测量光学密度所用光源的波长对线性范围的大小有较大影响,绿光(532 nm)比红光(670 nm)有更大的剂量探测范围。     

BEPCⅡ-LINAC试验束第二靶室混合辐射环境模拟

 为提供探测器或样品辐照实验与靶物质选择所需的辐射环境基本物理参数,利用蒙特卡罗模拟软件FLUKA对BEPCⅡ-LINAC试验束E2线上的第二靶室混合辐射环境进行了模拟计算,得到了以靶心为圆心,半径为1 m的球面上的各次级粒子的微分通量、角度微分截面、磁谱仪方位角上的双微分能谱、靶室内的剂量率分布。     

Measurement of 222Rn and 226Ra in municipal supply tap water to evaluate their radiological impacts

ABSTRACT

Radon (²²²Rn) and its parent radionuclide Radium (²²⁶Ra) are classified as carcinogen. Human exposes to radon in water via inhalation and ingestion, although ingestion is the only way for radium to enter the human body. In this research, tap water collected from Bornova distinct was studied to determine the concentration of radon (²²²Rn) and radium (²²⁶Ra) for evaluating their radiological impact. For this reason, the annual effective doses for ingestion and inhalation were estimated. The measurements were performed using a collector chamber method. The mean concentrations of ²²²Rn and ²²⁶Ra were determined as 0.85 and 0.76 Bq/L, respectively. It can be stated that the ²²²Rn and ²²⁶Ra concentrations of tap waters here are lower than the international reference levels. Obtained concentration levels were applied to estimate annual effective dose due to the inhalation and ingestion. The dose values are also found to be lower than the recommended maximum values. On the other hand, it should be considered that consumption of these waters (2 L) and average radon and radium concentrations of water are the significant factors for estimating doses.     

电子束辐射聚合制备槲皮素-镍(Ⅱ)金属配位分子印迹聚合物及其识别性能研究

以电子束为辐照射线源,采用辐射聚合法成功制备了槲皮素-Ni(Ⅱ)金属配位分子印迹聚合物.通过紫外光谱研究了槲皮素与Ni(Ⅱ)之间的配位结构、配位作用方式及配位比,并按照1∶2的比例形成稳定配合物,同时也验证了槲皮素、Ni(Ⅱ)及功能单体甲基丙烯酸三者发生了金属配位印迹作用.利用红外光谱对产物的结构进行了表征.透射电镜、扫描电镜、吸附动力学实验分别考察辐射剂量对聚合物的微观形貌、吸附动力学性能的影响,结果表明辐射剂量对印迹聚合物的吸附性能有显著影响.同时选择性吸附实验结果显示该印迹聚合物对槲皮素-Ni(Ⅱ)配合物表现出明显的吸附选择性和特异性,最大结合量可达82.22μmol/g.对黄芩素和柚皮素的吸附选择性较差,分离因子分别为3.915和5.443.     

Neutron Equivalent Dose Rate Measurements of Gypsum-Waste Tire Rubber Layered Structures

The neutron equivalent dose rates (µSv/h) of gypsum, steel-reinforced rubber waste tire, and gypsum-waste tire rubber sandwich composite samples were investigated. Prepared samples were irradiated with ²⁴¹Am-Be neutrons and transmission values were obtained using dose equivalent rates measured with a BF₃ neutron detector. Results were compared to those of concrete, and as a result of neutron shielding, the performance of gypsum, waste tire, and waste tire (steel-reinforced rubber) embedded gypsum samples was higher than that of concrete. This information may be useful for shielding design of nuclear application areas.     

MC模拟无卷积全谱转换法测量X，γ辐射剂量

为了更好地进行环境X/γ辐射剂量的测量,通过对电制冷高纯锗探测器蒙特卡罗建模获取0.01～1.5 MeV能量范围内的能谱和剂量（率）值,并利用无卷积全谱转换法进行能谱-剂量转换研究。研究发现,通过无卷积全谱转换法计算得到的剂量率与模拟剂量率符合较好;通过在中国计量研究院环境γ辐射空气吸收剂量标准辐射场中进行Co-60和Cs-137放射源剂量率实验验证,结果显示,在0.01～1.5 MeV的能量范围内,通过能谱-剂量转换得到剂量率与标准剂量率的误差小于±10%,这表明通过无卷积全谱转换法进行能谱-剂量（率）转换系数的求解是可行的。     

Helium bubble formation and evolution in NiMo-Y2O3 alloy under He ion irradiation

We report helium ion irradiation experiments for a new type of dispersion-strengthened NiMo-Y₂O₃ alloy with three different irradiation doses and varying irradiation dose rates at 750 ℃ to evaluate its helium-induced damage behavior. Transmission electron microscopy was used to reveal the evolution of helium bubbles after irradiation. The experimental results show that with increasing ion dose, the number density of helium bubbles increases continuously. However, the mean size of helium bubbles first increases and then decreases, mainly due to the varied ion dose rates. The volume fractions of helium bubbles in the three investigated samples after irradiation are 0.15%, 0.32%, and 0.27%, which are lower than that of the Hastelloy N alloy (0.58%) after similar irradiation conditions. This indicates that the NiMo-Y₂O₃ alloy exhibits better helium-induced-swelling resistance than the Hastelloy N alloy, highlighting its potential applicability to MSRs, from the perspective of irradiation performance.