Theoretical investigation of the ultrafast NeNePo spectroscopy of Au 4 and Ag 4 Clusters

Ultrafast ground state nuclear dynamics of Au₄ and Ag₄ is theoretically explored in the framework of negative ion - to neutral - to positive ion (NeNePo) pump-probe spectroscopy based on the ab initio Wigner distribution approach. This involves the preparation of a nonequilibrium neutral ensemble by pump induced photodetachment of a thermal anionic ground state distribution, gradient corrected DFT classical trajectory simulations “on the fly” on the neutral ground state, and detection of the relaxation process of the ensemble in the cationic ground state by a time-delayed probe pulse. In Au₄, the initially prepared linear structure is close to a local minimum of the neutral state giving rise to characteristic vibrations in the signals for probe wavelength near the initial Franck-Condon transition. A timescale of ∼1 ps for the structural relaxation towards the stable rhombic D_2h neutral isomer was determined by the increase of the signal for probe wavelength in vicinity of the vertical ionization energy of the rhombic structure. In contrast, the relaxation dynamics in Ag₄ is characterized by normal mode vibrations since both the initially prepared anionic ground state and the neutral ground state have rhombic minimum geometries. Thus, time-resolved oscillations of pump-probe signals are fingerprints of structural behaviour which can be used experimentally for the identification of particular isomers in the framework of NeNePo spectroscopy. Received 22 December 2000     

High accuracy Dirac-finite-element (FEM) calculations for H 2 + and Th 2 179 +

A two-dimensional, fully numerical approach to the four-component first-order Dirac-differential-equation utilizing the Finite-Element-Method (FEM) is employed for H ₂ ⁺ and Th ₂ ^{179 +} . Using elliptic-hyperbolic coordinates and further one-dimensional singular transformations, scaling transformations and extrapolation techniques (geometrical over iteration steps and logarithmic over grid points) we achieve for the molecules H ₂ ⁺ and Th ₂ ^{179 +} relative accuracies better than 10^-12 for 1(1/2) g energies. Received 16 February 2001 and Received in final form 12 July 2001     

Protonation and Dehydrogenation During the Multiphoton Ionization of the Cluster: C_4H_5N(H_2O)_n

Proton transfer process in hydrogen-bonded clusters has attracted great interest of many chemists in physical chemistry and biochemistry1-5. Pyrrole (C4H5N) is one of the building blocks of some important biomolecules6. And pyrrole is a compound of five-membered hetero-cyclic aromatic ring, in which a lone pair of electrons offered by the N atom and the two double bonds form a delocalized big ( bond. In this paper we report on the observations for the cluster system pyrrole-water by use of a…     

化学反应的内禀反应坐标法（X）：氨基卡宾脱氢反应的从头计算研究

氨基卡宾作为重要的反应中间体引起了人们的兴趣,它可分别通过1,1-H_2消除和1,2-H_2消除2种脱氢方式分别生成氰和异氰,但对这两个反应过程的细致研究至今未见报道,本文利用内禀反应坐标(IRC)法对氨基卡宾的2种脱氢反应途径进行微观动力学解析,并对反应途径上的振动相关问题做了理论探讨。     

CX3NO2(X=F,Cl)分子结构的稳定性

分子CF_3NO_2(1)、CF_2CINO_2(2)、CFCl_2NO_2(3)和CCl_3NO_2(4)在光化学和大气化学中是一类重要的分子。虽然它们的许多性质被广泛研究,但是从理论上尤其是ab initio分子轨道法对它们分子结构和化学键的研究报导极少。本文在ab initio/STO-3G水平上,全构型优化,系统地研究了这类分子的结构和各种构型的稳定性,并与实验以及CX_3NO(X=F,Cl)的结构进行了比较。计算采用Gaussian-82程序。在VAX-8350计算机上完成。结果和讨论分子各种稳定构型的键长、键角、Hartree-Fock能量、电荷密度及偶极矩列于表1至表3。     

卤代苯与水分子间作用的从头算

污染是科学家关注的热点问题,化学污染物是造成水污染的重要因素［１］．在水环境中,卤代苯是一类优先污染物（ｐｒｉｏｒｉｔｙｐｏｌｕｔａｎｔｓ）［２］．这类污染物毒性大,在环境中的半衰期长,美国环保局（ＥＰＡ）已经把它们列入优先污染物之列．Ｖｅｒｓｃｈｎ...     

Computational study of water and ammonia dimers with density functional theory methods

The structures and energies for the dimerization of water and ammonia molecules were computed with density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio methods. For all studies the same 6-311+G(2d,2p) basis set was used. Two linear hydrogen-bonded and cyclic ammonia dimer structures were computed and their relative stability is discussed. From the systematic studies, hybrid DFT methods were selected as reliable for computing the parameters of these types of van der Waals' complex.     

An ab initio SCF study on the tautomerisation of the 8-oxo-guanine and xanthine

All possible H₉-tautomers of 8-oxo-guanine and xanthine were studied by means of PM3 semiempirical and DFT (density functional theory) quantum chemistry methods. Additionally, the five most stable tautomers of both guanine derivatives were estimated on 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-31G^** and MP2 (6-31G^**) ab initio levels. The impact of the environment polarity on the tautomeric equilibrium was also taken into account. Among the variety of tautomeric isomers most probable are diketo forms of both studied derivatives in non-polar and polar surroundings.

The tautomeric equilibrium was unchanged after connection of the sugar backbone. The most preferred diketo forms of 8-oxo-guanosine and xanthidine are in syn conformations both in polar and non-polar environments. The increase of the syn conformations over anti ones may have the source in the formation of the internal hydrogen bonds between H′5 and N₃ atoms. The calculated values of the pseudorotation phase angle were between 144 and 180° in all cases. This corresponds to C′2-endo conformations of all optimised structures.

The N-glycosidic bond stability of most stable tautomers was compared to standard guanosine. Most tautomers of 8-oxo-guanosine and xanthidine are characterised by more stable C₁′-N₉ bond. This indicates that both these derivatives are hardly susceptible to spontaneous depurination and its removal from the DNA will depend mostly on the activity of DNA repair enzymes.     

聚脲分子的非线性光学极化率

用ａｂ　ｉｎｉｔｉｏ／ＣＰＨＦ方法研究了尿素及其二聚体和三聚体分子的线性极化率,一阶超极化率和二阶超极化率．聚脲分子中含有多个交替排列的供电基和吸电基．计算发现,聚二脲和聚三脲较尿素具有更大的非线性光学极化系数,且其电荷分布具有新的特点,即聚脲分子由基态到激发态电荷并不发生分子范围内的长程传递,仅在局域内转移．     

硅烯与乙烯环加成反应的理论研究

用从头计算方法研究了单重态硅烯与乙烯的环加成反应，得到了此反应可行的反应机理．并用统计热力学方法和过渡态理论计算了该反应的热力学函数和动力学性质．