Aβ蛋白分泌酶抑制剂研究进展

Aβ蛋白是淀粉样前体蛋白的代谢产物,它在脑组织中含量的异常增加可能是诱发AD的主要因素.应用分泌酶抑制剂可有效减少Aβ的生成,缓解患者症状.本文综述了其中的β分泌酶抑制剂的研究进展.     

紧凑型X-pinch装置探头标定

 介绍了紧凑型X-pinch脉冲功率装置的电流电压测量设计方法。根据该装置的同轴传输线结构特点,研制了一种利用金属膜连接传输线外筒与负载外筒,构成回路测量负载电流的探头。在传输线末端设计电容分压器作为测量负载电压的探头,并利用电路模拟软件对此过程进行模拟,同时这两个探头需要进行在线标定。实验研究结果表明,该探头性能稳定、响应快,是测量负载电流与电压的理想工具。     

Advanced polymeric dendrimers in the management of Alzheimer's disease

In recent years, advanced polymeric dendrimers have emerged as a promising avenue for AD management. Dendrimers are highly branched, three-dimensional macromolecules with precise nanoarchitectures, making them ideal candidates for the delivery of therapeutic agents and diagnostic tools. Their unique properties, such as well-defined size, multifunctionality, and controlled surface chemistry, allow for the design of targeted and highly efficient drug delivery systems and diagnostic probes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential applications of advanced polymeric dendrimers in the management of Alzheimer's disease. We explored their role in drug delivery, diagnostics, and other therapeutic interventions for AD. Additionally, we will delve into the challenges and opportunities in utilizing dendrimers as a key player in the battle against this devastating disease. The review will begin by discussing the current state of Alzheimer's disease, including its pathological features, clinical manifestations, and existing treatment strategies. It will then transition to an in-depth examination of polymeric dendrimers, highlighting their structural characteristics, synthesis methods, and biocompatibility. Subsequently, the review will delve into the various ways in which dendrimers can be tailored for AD management, including drug encapsulation and delivery, enhanced blood–brain barrier penetration, and targeted diagnostic imaging. Furthermore, we explored the potential benefits of dendrimer-based therapies, such as improved drug efficacy, reduced side effects, and enhanced patient compliance. The review will also address the challenges associated with dendrimer-based approaches, including toxicity concerns, regulatory hurdles, and the need for rigorous clinical evaluation.     

基于物联网的智能化条纹相机控制系统的研制

为满足条纹相机便携化、智能化的发展需要,研制了一种高适用性的分布式智能控制系统,实现了对条纹相机工作参量的监测,对电极电压、扫描工作模式的精确控制以及对图像的采集与处理.基于物联网技术框架与客户端-服务器的结构模式,实现了有线及无线设备扩展的多机协作功能与移动监控功能.并针对该控制系统,设计了具有自保护功能的自激型反激式可调高压电源模块,基于自激式拓扑的简单结构,实现了电源的小型化,且线性调整准确度可达1%.采用Nd∶YLF脉冲激光器(脉宽8ps,波长526.5nm)对应用该控制系统的可见光皮秒条纹相机进行标定,测试得到动态分辨率为12.75Lp/mm(CTF=14%),动态范围为234∶1,时间分辨率达到14ps.     

TOT measurement implemented in FPGA TDC

Time measurement plays a crucial role for the purpose of particle identification in high energy physics experiments. With increasingly demanding physics goals and the development of electronics, modern time measurement systems need to meet the requirement of excellent resolution specification as well as high integrity. Based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs), FPGA time-to-digital converters(TDCs) have become one of the most mature and prominent time measurement methods in recent years. For correcting the time-walk effect caused by leading timing, a time-over-threshold(TOT) measurement should be added to the FPGA TDC. TOT can be obtained by measuring the interval between the signal leading and trailing edges. Unfortunately, a traditional TDC can recognize only one kind of signal edge, the leading or the trailing. Generally, to measure the interval, two TDC channels need to be used at the same time, one for leading, the other for trailing. However, this method unavoidably increases the amount of FPGA resources used and reduces the TDC's integrity.This paper presents one method of TOT measurement implemented in a Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. In this method,TOT measurement can be achieved using only one TDC input channel. The consumed resources and time resolution can both be guaranteed. Testing shows that this TDC can achieve resolution better than 15 ps for leading edge measurement and 37 ps for TOT measurement. Furthermore, the TDC measurement dead time is about two clock cycles, which makes it good for applications with higher physics event rates.     

一种条纹变像管静态电子光学聚焦特性数值模拟

 对ICF实验中条纹相机的重要组件变像管的工作过程进行了介绍,建立了其内部电子光学系统模型,对其静态电子光学特性进行了数值模拟。模拟软件采用ANSYS,数值计算基于有限元数值计算方法,并利用哈密顿原理求解泛函,在控制计算精度的基础上,得出了该电子光学系统的内部静电场分布和轴上电位分布,同时对静态条件下的电子轨迹进行了模拟计算。结果显示了与理论解析结果很好的相似性,同时初步探索了电极尺寸及电压参数对成像的影响。结果表明,电压参数的改变对光电子成像的影响要更大一些。     

94 GHz回旋管准光模式变换器设计

基于几何光学理论和矢量绕射理论,研究了将回旋管及其他高功率微波器件的振荡输出模式转换成准光高斯波束的模式变换器,采用伏拉索夫(Vlasov)辐射器和三级准光反射面实现了准高斯模TEM₀₀的横向输出.研究了Vlasov辐射器的工作机理,运用矢量绕射理论计算出波导辐射场,口面电流分布的方法计算反射面辐射场.通过编写程序设计了将94 GHz,模式为TE₆₂的毫米波转化为准光高斯波束的内置式准光模式变换器. 关键词： 94 GHz回旋管 内置式准光模式变换器 Vlasov辐射器 矢量绕射理论     

Enantioseparation of paroxetine intermediate on an amylose-derived chiral stationary phase by supercritical fluid chromatography

The enantioseparation of trans-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-(4′-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl piperidine-2,6-dione (3), which is one of the important racemic precursors of trans-(−)-paroxetine, has been investigated using supercritical fluid chromatography on a Daicel Chiralpak AD column. Supercritical CO₂ modified with methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol were used as mobile phase. The influence of type and concentration of alcohol modifier on retention factor, enantioselectivity and resolution were studied. Among methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol, 2-propanol was proved to be the most favorable modifier, and 9.5% (v/v) of 2-propanol was the preferred concentration at which racemate 3 could be separated with resolution of 15.86 and retention factor of 6.323. The effects of pressure and temperature were investigated at 9.5% (v/v) of 2-propanol in the pressure range of 12–24 MPa and temperature range of 303.15–318.15 K. It was found that the lower pressure and temperature were favorable to the enantioseparation. Using van’t Hoff plot, the isoenantioselective temperature was calculated to be 410 K. The enantioseparation process was “enthalpically driven” under experimental conditions. Finally, the retention factors were satisfactorily correlated by a simplified lattice–fluid model with average absolute relative deviation (AARD%) of both enantiomers smaller than 1.76%.     

一种新的二步法高速A/D转换器电路设计

通过对二步法A/D转换器的电路结构及理论分析,提出了一种新的二步法A/D转换器电路结构设计.该设计避免了使用传统二步法转换器结构中的运算放大器,可有效地提高转换器的转换速度与转换精度.仿真结果表明,该二步法的A/D转换器不仅功能正确且电路结构简单.     

磁共振信号并行高速接收系统设计

针对低场磁共振成像系统,该文设计了一种紧凑灵活的信号接收方案,实现对多通道磁共振信号的高速采样与直接数字解调. 系统采用高速模数转换器(A/D)对磁共振信号直接采样;以单片数字下变频器(DDC)--AD6636, 完成4路采样信号的数字解调;以数字信号处理器（DSP）作为控制器,实现对AD6636的配置以及I/Q数据的读取. 信号采样频率可达100 MSPS,适用于1 T以下的系统. 实验证明该设计具有结构紧凑,采样速率高,配置方便快速,滤波器设计丰富灵活等特点,为磁共振成像谱仪的研制提供了一种高性能的信号接收方案.