非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金激光纳米化的超精细结构研究

在CO₂激光功率为50—300W、扫描速度为20mm/s、激光散光斑为20mm照射条件下 ，诱导非 晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_135B9带中发生结构重组，产生定量纳米α-F e(Si)晶相形成双相组织结构材料. 利用穆斯堡尔谱研究了非晶Fe_735C u₁Nb₃Si_135B₉合金激光纳米化的 超精细结构. 实验结果表明，激光诱导非晶 Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_135B ₉纳米化后，其超精细磁场的分布随 着激光功率变 化由单峰向双峰变化，在高功率辐照时， 出现了双峰分布，并且峰位向高场移动. 高激光 功率辐照非晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_{135B9合金纳米晶化相有四种超精细结 构，即2个超精细磁场较小的初晶相和2个超精细磁场较大的纳米晶化相. 其中超精细磁场较 大(17—25MA/m)的α-Fe(Si)相为DO3结构. 关键词： 激光 纳米晶α-Fe（Si) 735}Cu₁Nb< sub>3Si_135B₉')" href="#">非晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb< sub>3Si_135B₉ 超精细结构 超精细磁场     

用于电真空器件的金属材料蒸发特性

随着现代通信卫星技术的发展, 对微波真空电子器件的寿命和可靠性提出了更高的要求, 广泛应用于微波真空电子器件的蒙乃尔、不锈钢等金属材料的蒸发性能直接影响器件的可靠性和寿命. 本文采用飞行时间质谱仪(TOFMS)研究金属材料蒸发性能. 利用TOFMS测试了真空本底、蒙乃尔、不锈钢等各种金属材料蒸发物的成分和大小. 测试结果表明TOFMS具有很高的灵敏度, 是一种非常快捷的研究金属材料蒸发的实验手段. 测试结果发现在远低于Mn, Cu及Cr熔点的温度下, 蒙乃尔、不锈钢材料加热到800 ℃左右时就开始出现Mn, Cu元素的蒸发, 在900 ℃时就有大量Mn, Cu和Cr元素的蒸发, 这些蒸发物蒸发到绝缘陶瓷上会使电子枪的绝缘性能下降, 因而蒙乃尔和不锈钢不适用于阴极电子枪零件, 尤其不适用于长寿命高真空器件的阴极电子枪零件以及其他容易受到电子轰击的零件(如阳极、收集极等). 研究了在超高真空状态下加热时间对蒙乃尔和不锈钢材料表面结构的影响. 发现蒙乃尔和不 锈钢在900 ℃ 的温度下加热一段时间后, 其表面结构有了很大的变化, 出现了大量的孔洞和晶界, 并且随着处理时间的延长, 材料的晶粒间界逐渐变大, 从而使材料的强度下降、出现渗气甚至漏气等现象, 因此蒙乃尔和不锈钢材料制作的零件尤其是薄壁零件不宜长时间在超高真空状态下高温加热. 结合相关的理论知识对此现象进行了详细的分析.     

金属元素掺杂对TiAl合金力学性能的影响

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了金属元素X (X分别表示V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo和W)掺杂对TiAl合金性能的影响. 研究发现, 掺杂可以有效减小合金的各向异性, 增强Ti-Al 原子间的相互作用, 同时增强金属键性, 减弱共价键性, 有利于塑性变形. 在相同的压力下, 不同的掺杂浓度和掺杂元素对体积的影响不同. 通过计算不同掺杂体系的弹性常数、体弹模量和剪切模量可知: 当掺杂浓度为6.25%时, 相对于V, Nb和Ta, Cr, Mo和W掺杂能较好地改善TiAl金属间化合物的韧性; 当掺杂浓度为12.5%时, 相对其他掺杂元素Mo的韧化作用最强. 从Mo掺杂后TiAl体系的分波态密度和电荷密度图, 发现Mo和Ti 原子发生强烈的s-s, p-p, d-d电子相互作用, 有效地束缚了合金中Ti和Al原子的迁移, 有助于提高合金的稳定性和强度.     

Fe15.38Co61.52Cu0.6Nb2.5Si11B9纳米晶软磁合金的交流磁性

研究了退火温度对Fe_15.38Co_61.52Cu_0.6Nb_2.5Si₁₁B₉纳米晶软磁合金交流磁性的影响,并且分析了获得较好软磁性能的可能原因.合金的电阻率随着退火温度的增加逐渐降低.μ'f0值与饱和磁化强度M_s之间没有明显的正比关系,合金的旋磁比γ随退火温度的升高应呈不规则的 关键词： 纳米晶合金 软磁材料 品质因数 热处理     

A density functional theory study of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of Fe（1-x）Cox alloy nanowires encapsulated in （10,0） carbon nanotubes

Under the generalized gradient approximation, the electronic structures and magnetic properties of Fe_(1-x)Co_x alloy nanowires encapsulated inside zigzag (10,0) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are investigated systematically using firstprinciple density functional theory calculations. For the fully relaxed Fe_(1-x)Co_x/CNT structures, all the C atoms relax outwards, and thus the diameters of the CNTs are slightly increased. Formation energy analysis shows that the combining processes of all Fe_(1-x)Co_x/CNT systems are exothermic, and therefore the Fe_(1-x)Co_xalloy nanowires can be encapsulated into semiconducting zigzag (10,0) CNTs and form stable hybrid structures. The charges are transferred from the Fe_(1-x)Co_xnanowires to the more electronegative CNTs, and the Fe-C/Co-C bonds formed have polar covalent bond characteristics. Both the spin polarization and total magnetic moment of the Fe_(1-x)Co_x/CNT system are smaller than those of the corresponding freestanding Fe_(1-x)Co_xnanowire, and the magnetic moment of the Fe_(1-x)Co_x/CNT system decreases monotonously with increasing Co concentration, but the Fe_(1-x)Co_x/CNT systems still have a large magnetic moment, implying that they can be utilized in high-density magnetic recording devices.     

Mössbauer studies of hyperfine fields in disordered Fe2CrAl

Heusler-like alloy Fe₂CrAl was prepared and studied. Structure determination was done by X-ray. The structure was found to conform to the B₂ type. Magnetic hyperfine fields in this sample were studied by the Mössbauer effect. The Mössbauer spectra were recorded over a range of temperature from 40 to 296 K. The Mössbauer spectra showed the co-existence of a paramagnetic part with a magnetic hyperfine portion at all recorded temperatures. Even with the distribution in the magnetic hyperfine field, the average hyperfine field follows the (T/T _c)^3/2 law. The paramagnetic part of the hyperfine field is explained in terms of the clustering of Cr atoms.     

The effect of Nb addition on the thermal stability and magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys with a wide supercooled liquid region

We have examined the effect of Nb addition on the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid before crystallization, the glass-forming ability and magnetic properties for the amorphous alloy series Fe₇₃Nb_xAl_5-xGe₂P₁₀C₆B₄ and Fe₆₃Co₇Nb_xZr_10-xB₂₀. The supercooled liquid regions (ΔT_x=T_x-T_g) have maximum values of 66 and 79K, respectively, for Fe₇₃Nb₁Al₄Ge₂P₁₀C₆B₄ and Fe₆₃Co₇Nb₄Zr₆B₂₀ alloys. The saturation magnetization σ_s of the Fe₇₃Nb_xAl_5-xGe₂P₁₀C₆B₄ alloy system is much higher than that of the Fe₆₃Co₇Nb_xZr_10-xB₂₀ alloy system, and is almost unchanged with an increasing Nb content from 0 to 3 at%. But the σ_s of the Fe₆₃Co₇Nb_xZr_10-xB₂₀ alloys decreases linearly with increasing Nb content. The coercive force H_c of the two alloy series can have a minimum value of 31A/m for Fe₇₃Nb₁Al₄Ge₂P₁₀C₆B₄ and 37A/m for Fe₆₃Co₇Nb₄Zr₆B₂₀. All these values are for the ribbons annealed at 773 and 873K for 15min in vacuum.     

Half-Heusler合金Cu1-xFexMnSb的电子结构和反铁磁-铁磁相变简

基于密度泛函理论(DFT),使用局域密度近似(LDA)研究了Heusler合金Cu1-xFex MnSb的电子结构和反铁磁-铁磁相变.研究发现,两种磁状态下的合金晶格常数随掺杂浓度x变化很好地满足Vegard定理.当x0.5时,铁磁态合金的总磁矩很好地符合SP规律,然而当x0.5时,却发生了明显的偏离.由于整个体系存在RKKY和超交换磁耦合的竞争,因而在x=0.25时,我们观察到了独特的反铁磁—铁磁相变.进一步的态密度分析发现,Cu的掺杂浓度可以有效调整铁磁态合金的费米面位置,并且反铁磁态合金由于不同自旋方向的Mn原子的分波态密度相互补偿,总态密度形成了几乎完全对称的自旋向上带和自旋向下带.     

利用正电子湮没技术研究钾掺杂钨合金中的缺陷

钨合金中钾的掺杂会引入大量的缺陷,如尺寸几十纳米的钾泡、高密度的位错以及微米量级的晶粒带来的晶界等,这些缺陷的浓度和分布直接影响合金的服役性能.本文运用正电子湮没谱学方法研究钾掺杂钨合金中的缺陷信息,首先模拟计算了合金中各种缺陷的正电子湮没寿命,发现钾的嵌入对空位团、位错、晶界等缺陷的寿命影响很小;然后测量了不同钾含量掺杂钨合金样品的正电子湮没寿命谱,建立三态捕获模型,发现样品中有高的位错密度和低的空位团簇浓度,验证了钾对位错的钉扎作用,阐述了在钾泡形成初期是钾元素与空位团簇结合并逐渐长大的过程;最后使用慢正电子多普勒展宽谱技术表征了样品中缺陷随深度的均匀分布和大量存在,通过扩散长度的比较肯定了钾泡、晶界等缺陷的存在.     

Thermo-physical properties of ternary Al–Cu–Fe alloy in liquid state

ABSTRACT

The thermodynamic and surface properties of the ternary Al–Cu–Fe alloy in the liquid state have been computed using different models. The thermodynamic properties, such as activity and excess free energy of mixing and the surface properties, such as surface tension have been calculated. The temperature dependence of activity and surface concentration of the components of the ternary Al–Cu–Fe alloy in fixed proportion of any two components have also been calculated. The surface tension of the alloy with respect to the change in temperature in the range 1823–2073?K has also been studied.