The Phosphorus Bond,or the Phosphorus-Centered Pnictogen Bond: The Covalently Bound Phosphorus Atom in Molecular Entities and Crystals as a Pnictogen Bond Donor

The phosphorus bond in chemical systems, which is an inter- or intramolecular noncovalent interaction, occurs when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between an electrophilic region associated with a covalently or coordinately bonded phosphorus atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophile in another, or the same, molecular entity. It is the second member of the family of pnictogen bonds, formed by the second member of the pnictogen family of the periodic table. In this overview, we provide the reader with a snapshot of the nature, and possible occurrences, of phosphorus-centered pnictogen bonding in illustrative chemical crystal systems drawn from the ICSD (Inorganic Crystal Structure Database) and CSD (Cambridge Structural Database) databases, some of which date back to the latter part of the last century. The illustrative systems discussed are expected to assist as a guide to researchers in rationalizing phosphorus-centered pnictogen bonding in the rational design of molecular complexes, crystals, and materials and their subsequent characterization.     

Production of Bioactive Compounds with Broad Spectrum Bactericidal Action,Bio-Film Inhibition and Antilarval Potential by the Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungus Cochliobolus sp. APS1 Isolated from the Indian Medicinal Herb Andrographis paniculata

Endophytes, being the co-evolution partners of green host plants, are factories of pharmaceutically valuable novel natural products. Cochliobolus sp. APS1, an endophyte of Andrographis paniculata (Green Chiretta), produces a plethora of natural bioactive compounds and the multipotent alkaloid Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, is the prime one among them. The isolate exhibited antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and antilarval potency. The MIC and MBC values of the ethyl-acetate culture extract ranged from 15.62 to 250 µg/mL against ten pathogenic microorganisms (including MRSA and VRSA). Killing kinetics data along with the leakage of macromolecules into the extracellular environment supports the cidal activity of the antibacterial principles. The broad spectrum antibacterial activity of Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, was optimized by a one-variable-at-a-time system coupled with response surface methodology, which led to a 45% enhancement of the antibacterial activity. The maximum response (22.81 ± 0.16 mm of zone of inhibition against MRSA) was marked in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 90 mL potato dextrose broth supplemented with (g%/L) glucose, 9.7; urea concentration, 0.74; with medium pH 6.48; after 8.76 days of incubation at 26 °C. APS1 strongly inhibited biofilm formation in the tested pathogenic microorganisms and acts as a larvicidal agent against the Dengue-vector Aedes aegypti. This is probably the first report of Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, from any endophytic source. Cochliobolus sp. APS1 possesses industrial importance for the production of bioactive alkaloids.     

汽配件颜色喷涂顺序问题的TSP转化与建模

汽配件颜色喷涂顺序问题通常以生产线上相邻汽配件颜色切换次数少为最优目标,以进一步降低生产成本.该类问题具有所有汽配件都必须喷涂一次且只喷涂一次的特点,为此提出了TSP转化与建模的方法.将待喷涂汽配件定义为TSP顶点,任意两个待喷涂汽配件的颜色切换定义为顶点的距离,仿照TSP问题构建0-1规划模型;类似于顶点距离,将某些...     

1,4-二氢吡喃类化合物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

用荧光光谱法研究了人体生理pH条件下,3-甲基-6-氨基-5-氰基-4-(2-邻羟基苯基)-1-苯基-1,4-二氢吡喃并[2,3-c]吡唑(I)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)间的结合反应。获得了不同温度下I与BSA作用的结合常数K和结合位点数n,计算给体-受体间距离r为5.75 nm及能量转移效率E为0.74。证实了I与BSA的相互结合作用为单一的静态猝灭过程,结合力以疏水作用力为主。     

[SiNi(H2O)W11O39]6-多层组装膜修饰电极及其电化学行为

采用电化学生长法制备包含杂多酸[SiNi(H2O)W11O39]6-(SiNiW11)和聚合物阳离子PDDA的多层膜修饰电极, 利用循环伏安法研究其电化学行为、 pH的影响及其对BrO3-和NO2-体系还原的电催化性能;并对多层膜电化学过程机理进行了初步探讨. 结果表明: 多层膜的增长均匀, 峰电流随层数的增加而增加;多层膜的峰电流随扫速的增加而增加;还原峰的峰电位随pH的增加而负移.     

气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定动物尿液中克伦特罗和沙丁胺醇

建立了尿液中克伦特罗和沙丁胺醇同时测定的GC-MS方法. 尿液在碱性条件下以异丁醇提取后, 用Waters Oasis MCX小柱净化, 吹干后用BSTFA进行硅烷化衍生, 采用GC-EI-MS法, 选择离子方式采集数据. 结果表明, 克伦特罗和沙丁胺醇的线性范围为0.002～1.00 mg/L, 相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9985, 方法检出限可达0.5 μg/L (S/N=10). 尿液中克伦特罗和沙丁胺醇的回收率分别为75.9%～89.2%和73.6%～89.5%, 相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于10%.     

类晶加合物(M=Co,Cu, Ni)的晶体结构及分子间相互作用的理论研究

合成了3种化合物 [2-ClPyH]2CoCl4(1), [2-ClPyH]2NiCl4(2)和[2-ClPyH]2CuCl4(3), 单晶X射线衍射法晶体结构测定结果表明, 这3种化合物是同形加合物, 在它们的结构中, [2-ClPyH]+离子呈平面状, 而[MCl4]2-离子为变形的四面体. 晶体结构分析发现晶体中存在N—H…Cl和C—H…Cl氢键, 以及Cl…Cl分子间相互作用和π-π堆积作用. 对自由状态下独立的配位离子进行的几何构型优化, 以及三维周期性条件下几何结构优化的量子化学计算结果表明, 标题化合物中具有方向性和选择性的氢键决定延伸性结构的方向, 而相对较弱的卤素…卤素作用在最终晶体结构的确定中扮演很重要的角色.     

微水相中改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化脂肪酶拆分(R,S)-2-辛醇

采用改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化P. expansum PED-03脂肪酶(PEL), 利用固定化PEL在微水相中对(R,S)-2-辛醇进行拆分. 结果表明, 改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化PEL所催化的拆分反应的转化率(c)和对映体过量值(e.e.)以及对映体选择性(E)均得到大幅度提高. 介质类型和体系含水量对酶促拆分反应有较大的影响. 在以正己烷为溶剂, 含水量为0.8%的体系中, 于50 ℃反应24 h的转化率(c)可达到理论值的97.68%, 对映体过量值(e.e.)可达到98.75%. 改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化PEL催化效率高、立体选择性强, 且催化性能稳定, 在(R,S)-2-辛醇的酶法拆分方面具有良好的应用前景.     

发蓝光聚醚醚酮材料的合成及其光电特性

通过4-羟基苯甲醛与2,6-二(4-氯甲基苯基)苯并[1-2,4-5′]二唑之间的Wittig反应,制备了具有蓝色荧光特性的小分子单体2,6-二{4-[2-(4-羟基苯基)乙烯基]苯基}苯并[1-2,4-5′]二唑,在碳酸钾的催化作用下,通过其与4,4′-二氟二苯甲酮的缩聚反应,设计并合成了以均二苯乙烯为共轭母核的可发射蓝光的聚醚醚酮材料(BOE-PEEK),并对其结构进行了表征.测定结果表明,该聚合物的平均分子量(-Mw)为1.38×10⁵,均分散系数(PDI)为4.35,玻璃化温度(T_g)为195℃,热分解温度(T_d)为440℃,BOE-PEEK在二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)溶剂中的UV-Vis吸收光谱(λ_max)为372 nm,荧光光谱(λ_max)为455nm,由导电玻璃/发光层/金属铝电极(ITO/BOE-PEEK/Al)组成的单层器件在电压15 V时,发光亮度达530 cd·cm^-2,发光效率为0.36 cd/A.     

C-13 and H-1 NMR Study of Alkyl and Aryl-Substituted 1-(4′-Dimethylaminobenzylideneamino)pyridinium Perchlorates

C-13 and H-1 NMR spectra of some 1-(4′-dimethylaminobenzylideneamino)pyridinium perchlorates show that the angle of twist of the pyridine ring in unsubstituted, 1, and 2-alkyl substituted compounds 2–5 is comparable. However, it is considerably increased in 2,6-dialkyl derivatives. As seen from the spectral data, pyridine and phenyl rings in 2,6-diphenyl derivative 15 are not coplanar. The effect of 4-alkyl substituent is of hyperconjugative chacter. In general, the amount of the positive charge at C-4 in 2,6-dialkyl substituted salts is higher as compared to 2-monosubstituted compounds.