超声波辅助制备非晶态Ni-Mo-B催化剂及其加氢脱氧性能研究

用普通方法和超声波法制备了非晶态Ni-Mo-B催化剂,用BET、SEM、XRD、XPS和FT-IR等手段对催化剂进行表征。以苯酚为探针考察了催化剂的制备因素和反应温度对催化剂加氢脱氧性能的影响,探讨了苯酚在非晶态Ni-Mo-B催化剂表面上的吸附加氢脱氧反应机理。结果表明,超声波条件下制备的催化剂粒径小,颗粒团聚减弱,比表面积大,MoO₂与B的含量高,催化剂活性高。在498K时,苯酚的转化率达81.08%,脱氧选择性达93.39%。     

修饰纳米氧化铕溶胶的制备及荧光特性研究

通过聚焦脉冲激光轰击置于邻苯二甲酸酐的环已酮溶液为流动相中的Eu2O3固体靶制备得到纳米Eu2O3环已酮溶胶.通过荧光光谱、荧光寿命、高分辨率透射电镜和选区衍射对溶胶进行了表征.研究结果表明,溶胶中的纳米粒子表面为Eu2+离子,而核心为Eu3+离子.邻苯二甲酸酐与Eu2O3粒子表面的Eu离子配位,并将表面的Eu3+离子还原为Eu2+离子.邻苯二甲酸酐和环已酮能吸收紫外辐射并能将吸收来的能量传递给位于粒子表面的Eu2+离子,Eu2+离子得到能量后发出强紫色的荧光,其发射峰分别位于415 nm和465 nm,这两个峰可归属于Eu2+O3纳米粒子中Eu2+离子的5d-4f的最低跃迁发射峰.     

H2在非晶态合金Ni40Fe40P20表面的吸附行为

With the level of B3LYP/Lanl2dz of density functional theory and advisable adsorption models designed, the adsorption properties of the most stable cluster of Ni₂Fe₂P were calculated, and four stable configurations with the adsorption of hydrogen were gained. The geometries and HOMO contributions of 3d orbital of metal atoms and energy level properties of adsorption configurations were concerned and their Infrared Spectrum were simulated and predicted. The bond lengths and bond orders and vibration frequencies concerned synthetically, the adsorption mechanisms of hydrogen molecular on amorphous alloys Ni₄₀Fe₄₀P₂₀ surfaces were discussed in the microcosmic aspect. The hydrogen molecules adsorbing on the clusters were dissociated. In the clusters′ Infrared Spectrums of hydrogen adsorption, there were the vibration peaks with the frequency less than 500 cm^-1 caused by metal atoms and other vibration peaks with the frequency more than 500 cm^-1 caused by hydrogen atoms. Compared with the energy level DOS of the clusters before and after adsorption, it was found, that the new adsorption activity sites generated after the adsorption of hydrogen, as well as easy way for metal atoms providing electrons and participating subsequence reactions were gained.     

更正说明

因编辑工作失误,本刊2013年第34卷第5期第828～837页发表的文章"Research,development,and application ofamorphous nickel alloy catalysts prepared by melt-quenching(急冷非晶态镍合金催化剂的研究开发和工业应用)"(作者:宗保宁,慕旭宏,张晓昕,孟祥堃,乔明华)中第829页图1有误,正确的图及图题如下.特此更正并致歉.     

碳纳米管对非晶态NiB合金催化剂性能的影响

采用化学还原法制备了非晶态NiB合金，用CNTs-1、CNTs-2、y-Al2O3作载体制备了负载型非晶态NiB合金催化剂．以乙炔选择性加氢为目标反应考察了催化活性和选择性，用TEM、TPD等方法对催化剂进行了表征．TEM结果表明，粒径为8～10nm的NiB粒子均匀分散在CNTs-1外表面，大部分粒径为12～14nm的NiB颗粒在CNTs-2内腔生长，而y-Al2O3载体未能有效提高NiB分散度．用CNTs-1将NiB负载化，明显提高了NiB催化剂乙炔加氢活性．CNTs-1、CNTs-2和y-Al2O3载体对比，CNTs-2作载体促进了催化剂对氢的吸附，减弱了乙炔的吸附，提高了加氢活性和乙烯选择性．     

酸处理再生NiB非晶态合金催化剂

近年来,非晶态合金由于在催化加氢反应中表现出优良的催化活性和选择性而受到广泛关注[1,2].其中,化学还原法制备的超细N iB非晶态合金具有很高的催化活性,但该类催化剂易于晶化和氧化失活,限制了其工业应用[3,4].因此,提高N iB非晶态合金的稳定性和抗氧化性引起广泛关注.目前,