C60分子在有序-无序和玻璃态相变间的取向概率与弛豫行为

用极限动力学模型研究了C60分子在有序-无序相变和玻璃态相变温度区间取向角为98°和38°的取向概率与温度的关系.计算结果在玻璃态相变点附近的85!K,90!K和有序-无序相变点的260!K分别与实验值相吻合,取向概率对实验值更精确的拟合及其对温度的二阶导数预言玻璃态相变点在84!K.导出了弛豫规律,其结果表明:双能级的C60分子从非平衡态到平衡态的弛豫行为与非指数因子β有关,其总的弛豫时间决定于其中一个较短的弛豫时间,展宽指数形式保持不变.讨论了KWW方程的非指数因子β与分子间协同作用的关系,发现与双取向态间的能级差有关,计算值与实验结果相同.     

Diffusion dynamics in external noise-activated non-equilibrium open system-reservoir coupling environment

The diffusion process in an external noise-activated non-equilibrium open system-reservoir coupling environment is studied by analytically solving the generalized Langevin equation. The dynamical property of the system near the barrier top is investigated in detail by numerically calculating the quantities such as mean diffusion path, invariance, barrier passing probability, and so on. It is found that, comparing with the unfavorable effect of internal fluctuations, the external noise activation is sometimes beneficial to the diffusion process. An optimal strength of external activation or correlation time of the internal fluctuation is expected for the diffusing particle to have a maximal probability to escape from the potential well.     

活力物质的非平衡结构和动力学

活力物质是一类典型的非平衡态体系,已成为软凝聚态物理新近发展的一个重要研究方向.活力物质由微驱动粒子组成,驱动力独立地施加在体系中的每个粒子上.文章概述了作者平时研究中所关注的一些活力物质系统中出现的十分有意义的现象,着重介绍了活力物质系统的构成,以及活力物质的气液态、铁磁态、向列相态和凝胶状态中涌现出的非平衡结构及其特殊的动力学行为.     

基于熵的离子导体电导率公式推导

电导率是表示导体导电能力强弱的度量,离子导体的电导率可以通过平均漂移速度求得.文中通过对离子导体的分析,给出一种基于熵的新的推导方法.首先分析系统熵和环境熵的竞争关系,其次运用熵最大原理求出最概然电流,进而导出电导率公式.最后将基于熵的推导方法与漂移速度方法加以区别和对比,并推广到一般导体电导率公式的推导.     

Quantum Statistics of a Forced Oscillator with a Time－Dependent Driving Force

Quantum statistics of a forced harmonic oscillator acted upon by a time-dependent external force are derived usingthe Wilcox trick and the time-dependent inhomogeneous Bogoliubov transformation formalism. The internal energy, fluctuation of the particle-number average and entropy of this nonequilibrium system are presentedexplicitly.     

非平衡态下高温超导体的光场致发射

外加电场的作用下高温超导体材料体内电子平衡态的化学势偏移导致出现非平衡状态，这种非平衡状态将影响高温超导体光场致发射的性质。本对高温超导体的光场致发射受非平衡态的影响进行了研究。     

Theory of Nonequilibrium Coherent Transport Through an Interacting Mesoscopic Region Weakly Coupled to Electrodes

We develop a theory for the nonequilibrium coherent transport through a mesoscopic region, based on the nonequilibrium Green function technique. The theory requires the weak coupling between the central mesoscopic region and the multiple electrodes, but allows arbitrary hopping and interaction in the central region. An equation determining the nonequilibrium distribution in the central interacting region is derived and plays an important role in the theory.The theory is applied to two special cases for demonstrations, revealing the novel effects associated with the combination of phase coherence, Coulomb interaction, and nonequilibrium distribution.     

关于热的非平衡条件下原子的倍周期分岔一混沌量子假设

为拓展现有量子力学基础，以适应并促进有关高能粒子复杂生灭过程、Ｐｌａｎｃｋ时空拓扑、ＴＯＥ（超弦理论）、类星体巨红移等的研究，本文从研究热的非平衡态条件下原子的演变结构着手，根据非线性振荡实验结果，设想将非线性电路引入探测器中，将适用于热平衡的ｄｅＢｒｏｇｌｉｅ量子假设拓广为ｎ级分频（ｖ／ｚ（ｎ）信号有关的倍周期分岔一混沌量子假设，给出级联演变光速的两种可能结果：ｃ｛Ｎ｝＝ｃ和ｃ｛Ｎ｝＝（δ为Ｆｅｉｇｅｎｂａｕｍ常数），由此可拓广Ｌｏｒｅｎｔｚ变换；本文还初步探讨倍周期分岔量子力学的表象基础。最后，本文设计一理想实验，并以此为范例证明：新的假设突破了旧假设的局限性。