Effects of oxygen vacancy location on the electronic structure and spin density of Co-doped rutile TiO2 dilute magnetic semiconductors

According to density functional theory （DFT） using the plane wave base and pseudo-potential, we investigate the effects of the specific location of oxygen vacancy （Vo） in a （Ti,Co）06 distorted octahedron on the spin density and magnetic properties of Co-doped rutile Ti02 dilute magnetic semiconductors. Our calculations suggest that the Vo location has a significant influence on the magnetic moment of individual Co cations. In the case where two Co atoms are separated far away from each other, when the Vo is located at the equatorial site of a Co-contained octahedron, the ground state of the two Co cations is d6（t3g↑, t23g ↓） without any magnetic moment. However, if the Vo is located at the apical site, these two Co sites have different ground states and magnetic moments. The spin densities are also observed to be modified by the exchange coupling between the Co cations and the location of Vo. Some positive spin polarization is induced around the adjacent O ions.     

掺碳钛宝石晶体定向开裂的机理研究

采用下降法生长技术,沿a向[1120]生长的掺碳钛宝石晶体,在切割等加工过程中掺碳钛宝石晶体经常发生定向开裂的现象．本文对掺碳钛宝石晶体的定向开裂特征和机理进行了分析与研究,发现定向裂纹是在基质氧化铝晶格的（1100）面上发源,并且沿着f00011晶向即c轴方向扩展．采用晶体结构可视化软件（Crystalmaker）模拟得出,基质氧化铝晶格原子在（1100）面上的原子排列最为稀疏,并且在（1100）晶面上,垂直[0001]晶向相邻原子间距最大,在应力作用下晶格（1100）[0001]系统的开裂强度最低．采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）和电子探针等仪器和手段,发现在开裂的掺碳钛宝石晶体中沉积了不规则的碳包裹物,降温过程中包裹物的热膨胀失配引起巨大的内应力,使得裂纹在晶体最薄弱的系统（1100）[0001]面上发源并扩展,导致晶体的宏观定向开裂．该研究对优质钛宝石晶体的生长具有重要的理论和现实意义．     

基于可调谐光纤激光器的C2H2气体光声光谱检测

研制了基于可调谐掺Er光纤激光器的共振式光声光谱乙炔气体检测系统,结合波长调制和锁相放大器的二次谐波信号检测技术,有效地消除了光声池窗片和池壁吸收入射光而引起的背景噪声,通过对该系统的光学、声学和电子检测系统的优化,实现了低浓度乙炔气体的流动式检测.实验结果证明,当气体浓度较低时,二次谐波振幅与气体浓度成正比,其线性响应相关度达到0.999 53.在常温常压和3.5 mW平均光功率以及100 ms锁相积分时间条件下,乙炔气体的极限检测灵敏度达到了0.3 ppm(1 ppm=1μg·mL-1)(SNR=1时),系统用可调谐掺Er光纤激光器代替半导体激光器作光源,降低了成本,为发展低成本、实用、便携式微量气体光谱榆测仪器奠定了基础.若采用多光程光声池,或者采用EDFA提高激光功率,可大幅度提高信噪比,将极限检测灵敏度提高至ppb(1 ppb=1 ng·mL-1)量级.     

Yb3+/Er3+共掺锗碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光增强机理的研究

玻璃的最大声子能量决定稀土离子的上转换发光强度，但本研究发现：Yb^3 ／Er^3 共掺锗碲酸盐玻璃在980nm LD抽运下，上转换荧光强度随着Bi2O3对PbO的取代和碱金属离子半径的增大而明显增强．而Raman光谱显示基质玻璃的最大声子能量并不随Bi2O3对PbO的取代和碱金属离子半径的增大而变化，但玻璃的最大声子密度随着Bi2O3对PbO取代和碱金属离子半径的增大而降低．从玻璃无辐射跃迁概率的角度，通过分析表明，最大声子密度的降低是玻璃上转换发光强度增强的主要原因．     

Cr,Ag共掺杂ZnS纳米材料的制备及其对活性染料的吸附性能

通过水热法制备了纤锌矿ZnS∶Cr,Ag共掺杂纳米材料,考察了不同反应时间以及不同Cr和Ag掺杂比例对ZnS纳米材料光学性能的影响。分别采用荧光分光光度计、红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS纳米材料的光学性能和结构等进行了表征,探讨了ZnS∶Cr, Ag共掺杂纳米材料分别对甲基紫(MV)、丁基罗丹明B(BRB),四氯四溴荧光素(TCTBF)以及曙红B(EB)四种活性染料的吸附性能。结果表明,Cr3+和Ag+取代和嵌入到了Zn2+的位置,掺入到了ZnS的晶格中。由光学表征和扫描电镜(SEM)发现,掺杂后ZnS纳米材料的光学性能和形貌发生了改变。掺入Cr和Ag后,使得Zn纳米材料的荧光强度降低,且其形貌较规则,表面蓬松,呈绒球形状。当反应时间为12 h,Cr和Ag掺杂比例分别为1%时,掺杂ZnS纳米材料的形貌和光学性能最佳。运用N₂等温吸脱附分析技术计算了Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS材料的比表面积和孔径分布,将其用于对MV,BRB,TCTBF以及EB四种活性染料的吸附研究,并分别从吸附时间、温度、pH值等因素考察了掺杂ZnS对几种活性染料吸附性能的影响,得出了Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS材料在pH 7,室温下,分别经9,11,9和9 h吸附时间后对四种活性染料的吸附效果达到最佳。     

Theory of noise in a kilo-Hz cascaded high-energy Yb-doped nanosecond pulsed fiber amplifier

A theoretical analysis of noise in a high-power cascaded fiber amplifier is presented. Unlike the noise theory in low power communication, the noise of a high power system is redefined as the leaked output energy between pulses with coherent beat noise uncounted. This definition is more appropriate for high power usage in which the pulse energy receives more attention than the pulse shape integrity. Then the low power pre-amplifying stages are considered as linear amplification and analyzed by linear theory. In the high-power amplification stages, the inversion is assumed to recover linearly in the time interval between pulses. The time shape of the output pulse is different from that of the input signal because of different gains at the front and back ends of the pulse. Then, a criterion is provided to distinguish the nonlinear and linear amplifications based on the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） analysis. Then, an experiment that shows that the output SNR actually drops off in nonlinear amplification is performed. The change in the noise factor can be well evaluated by pulse shape distortion.     

掺镱石英光纤预制棒的制备与表征

采用改进化学汽相沉积结合溶液掺杂法制备了掺镱石英光纤预制棒,并研究了不同镱掺杂浓度下的吸收光谱和发光光谱.吸收光谱和发光光谱的强度随着YbCl₃溶液浓度的增大而增强.在不产生失透的前提下,得到预制棒芯层能够掺杂的YbCl₃溶液最大浓度为0.057 mol/L.     

227-W output all-fiberized Tm-doped fiber laser at 1908 nm

In this paper, we report that a diode-pumped thulium-doped double clad silica fiber laser can provide powers of up to 227 W at 1908 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 54.3%, and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 51.2%. The output power, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest output at 1908 nm. The beam quality M2 factor is about 1.56. Also discussed in this paper is the dependence of the laser performance on fiber length.     

抽运光与信号光的光强重叠因子和掺铒玻璃波导放大器的增益特性

在掺铒玻璃波导放大器（EDWA）的三能级速率-传输方程中,考虑两次离子交换工艺中波导掩模窗口宽度w不同所导致的抽运光、信号光模场与光强分布的不同,讨论不同w对EDWA增益特性的影响,得到光强分布的数值解.引入描述波导中抽运光和信号光的归一化光强重叠因子,对EDWA的传统近似解提出修正,得到了修正解,使其更加接近光强分布的数值解.模拟结果表明,在条波导长度为4 cm、抽运光波长为980 nm、功率为80 mW、信号光波长为1534 nm、功率为-10 dBm条件下,不同w所导致EDWA的增益差别可达297 dB.修正解的结果比传统近似解更加接近光强分布的数值解.修正解对于EDWA的理论研究、器件设计具有指导作用. 关键词： 集成光学 掺铒玻璃波导放大器 重叠积分因子 增益     

R410A在水平内螺纹管中沸腾换热实验研究

对于非共沸混合制冷剂R410A在外径9.52mm、5mm的两种不同的几何参数的内螺纹的流动沸腾换热进行了实验研究,分析讨论了制冷剂质量流速、管外水流量变化、强化管的参数、强化管的压降对换热系数影响以及其机理。试验的结果表明:换热系数随着流量的增大而增大,管径的大小对换热系数的影响较大,在相同的流量下,9.52mm的换热系数比5mm的大到110%~230%,5mm管的压降比9.52mm的大200%~300%。