链接基团对固载手性Salen Mn(m)催化不对称环氧化反应的影响

制备了二胺和二酚修饰的晶态有机聚合物-无机杂化载体低聚苯乙烯基膦酸-膦酸氢锆(LCZSPP)轴向固载手性Salen Mn(Ⅲ)催化剂,将其应用于非官能烯烃的多相不对称环氧化反应.研究了两类轴向连接基团及助催化剂在催化不对称环氧化反应中的影响.结果表明,通过二胺为链接基团固载的催化剂在加入轴向助剂(NMO)的情况下,转化...     

碱基与氮甲基乙酰胺相互作用的从头算和ABEEMσπ研究

选取氮甲基乙酰胺(N-Methylacetamide,NMA)和DNA碱基为研究对象,应用ABEEMσπ/MM方法研究了NMA与碱基之间形成的二聚体的几何构型、电荷分布及结合能等性质,并进行了相应的从头算(abinitio)MP2水平研究,在B3LYP/6-311 ++G(d,p)水平下对结构进行了优化.将2种方法的研...     

锂离子电池正极材料的结构设计与改性

正极材料是目前锂离子电池中锂离子的唯一或主要提供者,也是锂离子电池能量密度提高和价格降低的瓶颈.本文在简要介绍几类典型的正极材料结构、性能特点及存在的主要问题后,重点介绍本实验室近年来在正极材料的表面改性和结构设计方面的研究进展.     

SPME/GC-MS鉴别地沟油新方法(Ⅱ)

采用固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱(SPME/GC-MS)方法测定地沟油中的微量杂质成分,通过对各种纯正植物油中的内源性微量成分与不同地区地沟油中的外源性杂质成分的对比分析,以及对地沟油中杂质成分来源的分析,确定了广州、贵州、深圳、北京等地区地沟油的特征成分,并作为鉴别指示成分。该方法灵敏度高、特征性强,在卫生部组织的地沟油检测盲样考核中,对阳性样品判断的准确率高达95.5%。     

聚酚藏花红功能碳纳米管生物阳极制备及其在乙醇传感器应用

应用电化学法聚合酚藏花红（PPS）功能化的单壁碳纳米管,以其作为烟酰胺辅酶（NADH）氧化的电化学催化剂（电极）,构建基于乙醇脱氢酶的安培型乙醇生物电化学传感器.该电极于0.0 V时,对NADH具有很好的催化性能.而单体酚藏花红则由于其电位过低（-0.48 V）,不能显示催化性能.循环伏安和计时安培法测试表明：该传感器...     

热塑性聚酰亚胺与聚醚醚酮共混物的等温结晶动力学

采用熔融共混方法制备了热塑性聚酰亚胺(TPI)与聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的共混物; 用示差扫描量热分析(DSC)研究了共混物的等温结晶动力学. 分别采用Avrami方程和Hoffman-Lauritzen方程分析共混物的等温结晶动力学、端表面自由能(σe)和分子链折叠功(q). 结果表明, 加入TPI后PEEK的结晶速率降低, 结晶活化能、σe和q均增加. 但这些数值的变化与TPI含量不呈线性关系, 并从共混物的相容性和表面形貌给出了可能的解释.     

油脂低场核磁(LF-NMR)检测参数的优化试验

适当的低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)检测条件对于保障数据的可靠性具有重要意义.该文研究了大豆油LF-NMR检测过程中仪器参数、样品温度及体积等对检测结果稳定性及重现性的影响.结果表明,将2.5mL油脂样品置于核磁试管中,并在32℃恒温10 min,采样前稳定1min,在TR =2000 ms,τ=200μs,EchoCount=5000个,NS =4次,TD=500050,SW=250 kHz参数条件下采集信号,可保证检测结果稳定可靠.研究结果可为后期应用LF-NMR技术进行油脂品质检测提供适当的检测条件参考.     

Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Properties of Two Pb（II） 1-Naphthoate Complexes

Two new 1-naphthoate-based Pb(Ⅱ) complexes, [Pb(phen)(NA)2]n 1 and [Pb(bpp)(NA)2]n 2 (NA = 1-naphthoate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and bpp = 1,3-bi(4-pyri- dyl)propane), were hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. 1 is of monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 28.114(3), b = 10.9601(10), c = 8.6843(8) , β = 93.3760(10)°, V = 2671.3(4) 3, Dc = 1.814 g/cm3, Mr = 729.73, Z = 4, F(000) = 1416, μ = 6.360 mm-1, the final R = 0.0346 and wR = 0.0948 for 2184 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). Complex 2 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 26.491(2), b = 8.7773(6), c = 27.893(2) , β = 113.3020(10)°, V = 5956.8(8)3, Dc = 1.668 g/cm3, Mr = 747.78, Z = 8, F(000) = 2928, μ = 5.706 mm-1, the final R = 0.0211 and wR = 0.0493 for 3677 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). Both complexes present one-dimensional (1-D) zigzag chains extended by anionic NA linkers for 1 and bridged by neutral bpp connectors for 2, which are further aggregated into 2-D supramolecular networks by interchain π···π stacking interactions. In addition, the two solid-state complexes exhibit different strong emissions at room temperature, suggesting their potential applications as fluorescence materials.     

Crystallization behavior and morphology of one-step reaction compatibilized microfibrillar reinforced isotactic polypropylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (<Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis>PP/PET) blends

One-step reaction compatibilized microfibrillar reinforced iPP/PET blends(CMRB) were successfully prepared through a "slit extrusion-hot stretching-quenching" process.Crystallization behavior and morphology of CMRB were systematically investigated.Scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) observations showed blurry interface of compatibilized common blend(CCB).The crystallization behavior of neat iPP,CCB,microfibrillar reinforced iPP/PET blend(MRB) and CMRB was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and polarized optical microscopy(POM).The increase of crystallization temperature and crystallization rate during nonisothermal crystallization process indicated both PET particles and microfibrils could serve as nucleating agents and PET microfibrils exhibited higher heterogeneous nucleation ability,which were also vividly revealed by results of POM.Compared with MRB sample,CMRB sample has lower crystallization temperature due to existence of PET microfibrils with smaller aspect ratio and wider distribution.In addition, since in situ compatibilizer tends to stay in the interphase,it could also hinder the diffusion of iPP molecules to the surface of PET phase,leading to decrease of crystallization rate.Two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction(2D-WAXD) was preformed to characterize the crystalline structure of the samples by injection molding,and it was found that well-developed PET microfibrils contained in MRB sample promoted formation ofβ-phase of iPP.     

激光诱导击穿光谱法对钢中夹杂物类型的表征

激光诱导击穿光谱( LIBS)不仅可以对材料整体成分进行分析,还可进行微区及成分分布分析。本实验采用激光诱导击穿光谱对两牌号钢铁样品进行扫描分析,尝试对34CrNiMo6钢中的MnS夹杂物和重轨钢中的Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物进行表征。结果表明,34CrNiMo6钢中元素信号的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Mn及S两元素的信号强度同时异常高,可确定试样中存在较多MnS夹杂物;重轨钢中元素的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Si、Ca、Mg及Al元素的信号同时异常高,可确定试样中存在Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物。采用扫描电子显微镜/能谱法( SEM/EDS)对上述样品中夹杂物的对比分析结果表明,两种方法对夹杂物类型的判定结果一致。