利用B-splines特性计算PbS量子点中的激子基态能量的量子尺寸效应

利用B-splines特性构建量子点中激子的波函数,计算PbS量子点中激子的基态能量E_g的量子尺寸效应,并将计算结果与实验结果及其他理论计算结果进行比较;利用B-splines技术计算的激子的基态能量在整个区域与实验完全符合,同时计算了有效质量和势垒高度对基态能量E_g的量子尺寸效应的影响.     

Spin Transport in a Rashba Ring-Quantum Dot System Pumped by Microwave Fields

We report a theoretical study on producing electrically spin-polarized current in the Rashba ring with parallel double dots embedded, which are subject to two time-dependent microwave fields. By means of the Keldysh Green's function method, we present an analytic result of the pumped current at adiabatic limit and demonstrate that the interplay between the quantum pumping effectand spin-dependent quantum interference can lead to an arbitrarily controllable spin-polarized current in the device. The magnitude and direction of the charge and spin current can be effectively modulated by system parameters such as the pumping phase difference, Rashba precession phase, and the dynamic phase difference of electron traveling in two arms of ring; moreover, thespin-polarization degree of the charge current can also be tuned in the range [-∞, +∞]. Our findings may shed light on the all-electric way to produce the controllable spin-polarized charge current in the field of spintronics.     

基于自由涡的风轮失谐气动特性研究

采用一种改进的自由涡方法研究了风切变条件下,叶片安装角存在偏差的失谐风轮的气动特性。计算方法由模拟叶片气动力的非线性升力线法和模拟尾迹涡运动的时间精确自由尾迹法构成。以某2.5 MW风力机为例,计算了功率曲线和叶片气动力分布,并与Bladed软件和CFD计算结果进行了比较。研究了切变风条件下,不同叶片安装角偏差量,风轮推力、扭矩、偏航力矩和俯仰力矩的变化。结果表明,所采用的计算方法是准确有效的。风轮叶片安装角偏差,对风轮推力和扭矩影响较小,对风轮偏航和俯仰力矩影响较大。不同叶片安装角偏差量相反,会显著增加风轮偏航和俯仰力矩波动。     

量子关联与原子间相互作用距离关系的研究

本文将两个二能级原子注入一个腔中,用共生纠缠的方法来度量两原子之间的纠缠并推出它们之间的量子失协,还给出了原子与环境之间的共生纠缠与量子失协的计算公式,讨论了原子自发衰变率的变化对量子纠缠及失协的影响,及不同的初始状态情况下,纠缠及失协随原子距离的演化情况。结果表明：原子自发衰变率减小,原子与环境之间的量子纠缠及失协增加;选择不同的初态,可以控制原子间出现纠缠死亡的现象或量子失协为零的状态。     

原子系统中偶极-偶极相互作用对量子存储支撑熵不确定度的调控研究

本文研究了Markovian过程和non-Markovian过程两种情况下,原子系统中偶极-偶极(D-D)相互作用和失谐量对两原子系统量子存储支撑(QMA)熵不确定度的调控作用.与Markovian过程相比,在non-Markovian过程中,由于库环境的记忆效应使得具有D-D相互作用的两原子系统QMA熵不确定度的演化行为呈现出振荡上升现象,且熵不确定度的上升趋势得到减缓,从而抑制了由系统量子噪声引起的退相干效应.此外,D-D相互作用对两原子系统QMA熵不确定度具有显著的调控能力,且D-D相互作用比失谐量的调控能力更强.     

Progress in superconducting qubits from the perspective of coherence and readout

Superconducting qubits are Josephson junction-based circuits that exhibit macroscopic quantum behavior and can be manipulated as artificial atoms.Benefiting from the well-developed technology of microfabrication and microwave engineering,superconducting qubits have great advantages in design flexibility,controllability,and scalability.Over the past decade,there has been rapid progress in the field,which greatly improved our understanding of qubit decoherence and circuit optimization.The single-qubit coherence time has been steadily raised to the order of 10 to 100μs,allowing for the demonstration of high-fidelity gate operations and measurement-based feedback control.Here we review recent progress in the coherence and readout of superconducting qubits.     

基于频率调制激光驱动的囚禁离子几何相位逻辑门

为了避免激光相位的起伏对几何相位逻辑门保真度的影响, 提出一种基于囚禁离子的量子几何相位逻辑门的新方案。该机制是利用一束频率调制的行波激光场作用于两个囚禁离子上实现的。它的优点有：操作简单,仅需一步就能实现。不灵敏于激光场的相位也不需要对囚禁离子进行个别寻址。     

Nonmean-Field Model for Ostwald Ripening of Two-Dimensional Islands

A nonmean-field model for the ripening of two-dimensional islands is presented. In this model, the adatom sea is divided into many small cells that are the polygons of a Voronoi network. The chemical potentials of adatom seas surrounding different islands are different. Strain generated by lattice mismatch is introduced into the model.Computer simulation under periodic boundary conditions is carried out to describe the island ripening in two cases (with and without strain), and demonstrates that small islands may grow faster than large islands, which cannot occur in the mean-field model. The simulated results also show that including strain will slow down the evolution of average island size, and an explanation for this is given.     

发展固态量子信息与计算的实验研究

量子计算与量子信息是21世纪基础和应用科学研究的一大挑战.要实现实用意义上的量子信息和量子计算,必须解决量子比特系统的可拓展性问题.基于现代半导体技术的固态量子系统,其应用和最终产业化的可行性较高.然而,固态量子体系受周边环境的影响比较严重,控制其退相干,维持其量子状态的难度更高.实验固态量子计算的研究是个新的领域,尚无实用的技术和方法. 文章介绍了中国科学院物理研究所固态量子信息和计算实验室近几年来新开辟的自旋、冷原子、量子点(包括原子空位)、功能氧化物和关联体系等固态量子信息的新载体和同量子计算与量子信息相关的科学与技术难题的实验研究.     

有机电致发光器件量子效率测量系统的建立及其应用研究

有机电致发光器件（OLED）的量子效率是衡量器件发光性能的一个非常重要的参数，考虑到提高OLED量子效应的基本前提是能精确测得器件的量子效率。本文工作采用美国Keithley公司的系列产品，设计与组建了一套精确测量OLED量子效率的测量系统（主要由真空系统和测试系统组成）。应用本系统测量时，由测量软件通过数据采集卡来实时地对K－2400（稳压源）和K－485（微检流计）进行控制，得到流经器件的电流和器件输的光电流，再经过换算得出注入器件的电子数和从器件输出的光子数，从而能够得到器件的量子效率值，最后由计算机动态地绘制出器件的性能曲线。此外，我们还利用本测量系统对以MEH－PPV为基质的橙红色OLED进行测量，该测试样品在0.0117A/cm^2的电流密度下，测量量子效率为0．39％。