双波长相移光纤光栅的光谱特性及传感应用

建立了双波长相移光纤光栅的理论模型,对双波长相移光纤光栅的透射谱特性进行了数值仿真,结果表明透射波长间隔会分别随相移量、折射率调制深度和光栅长度的变化而有规律地增减.借助光纤布拉格光栅的法布里-珀罗腔谐振相位条件计算了透射峰间隔的表达式,该表达式得到的透射峰间距曲线与数值仿真得到的曲线相符合,验证了数值仿真结果的正确性.最后,在光栅透射谱波长间隔变化规律的基础上提出一种传感方案,并对光栅的温度传感特性进行分析,理论推导得到灵敏度约为60pm/℃.     

硼硅酸盐玻璃的电子辐照效应

在高放废物长期地质处置过程中,作为第一层工程屏障的固化体玻璃会受到持续的电子辐照,研究其电子辐照效应对高放废物的长期安全处置具有重要的意义。在透射电子显微镜(TEM)上对硼硅酸盐玻璃样品进行原位电子辐照实验。在电子束的作用下,两种硼硅酸盐玻璃均很快发生相分离现象,这主要是由于电离作用导致Na的迁移或逃逸引起网络体结构重组的结果。引入简单的结构模型解释了两种不同组分硼硅酸盐玻璃相分离的不同,结果表明,相分离的不同与玻璃组分中Na成分的多少密切相关。     

电磁波在均匀薄膜上的反射和透射

本文通过电磁波在均匀介质薄膜界面上反射系数和透射系数的计算,讨论反射光增强和透射光增强的条件。     

探究式教学与讲授式教学的有机整合研究——“受迫振动和共振”的教学案例

改革课堂教学模式,转变课堂教学组织形式,提高课堂学习的有效性是当前高校教育教学改革的热点问题。我们设计了一个教学案例进行探究式教学的实践,以此来探讨探究式教学和讲授式教学的有机整合模式,希望能提高大学物理教学的有效性。     

Adjustable surface plasmon resonance with Au,Ag, and Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles

We report an experimental study on the synthesis of metal nanoparticles （NPs） with adjustable optical density based on surface plasmon resonance （SPR）. Metal NPs prepared by laser ablation in liquid method and the effect of laser parameters on the size, distribution, wavelength of SPR of Ag, Au, and mixture of Ag-Au, and Ag core/Au shell NPs are investigated. Our results show that the adjustable SPR band can be achieved in each class of NPs which is suitable for adjustable optical window applications.     

Spectroscopic properties and mechanism of Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics containing BaF2 nanocrystals

Transparent Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics containing BaF2 nanocrystals are prepared. Under excitation of a 980-nm laser diode （LD）, compared with the glass before heat treatment, the Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics can emit intense blue, green and red up-conversion luminescence and Stark- split peaks; X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscope （TEM） results show that BaF2 nanocrystals with an average diameter of 20 nm are precipitated from the glass matrix. Stark splitting of the up-conversion luminescence peaks in the glass ceramics indicates that Tm^3＋, Er^3＋ and （or） Yb^3＋ ions are incorporated into the BaF2 nanocrystals. The up-conversion luminescence intensities of Tm^3＋, Er^3＋ and the splitting degree of luminescence peaks in the glass ceramics increase significantly with the increase of heat treat temperature and heat treat time extension. In addition, the possible energy transfer process between rare earth ions and the up-conversion luminescence mechanism are also proposed.     

Control of light scattering by nanoparticles with optically-induced magnetic responses

Conventional approaches to control and shape the scattering pattems of light generated by different nanostructures are mostly based on engineering of their electric response due to the fact that most metallic nanostructures support only electric resonances in the optical frequency range. Recently, fuelled by the fast development in the fields of metamaterials and plasmonics, artificial optically-induced magnetic responses have been demonstrated for various nanostructures. This kind of response can be employed to provide an extra degree of freedom for the efficient control and shaping of the scattering patterns of nanoparticles and nanoantennas. Here we review the recent progress in this research direction of nanoparticle scattering shaping and control through the interference of both electric and optically-induced magnetic responses. We discuss the magnetic resonances supported by various structures in different spectral regimes, and then summarize the original results on the scattering shaping involving both electric and magnetic responses, based on the interference of both spectrally separated （with different resonant wavelengths） and overlapped dipoles （with the same resonant wavelength）, and also other higher-order modes. Finally, we discuss the scattering control utilizing Fano resonances associated with the magnetic responses.     

Large coercivity and unconventional exchange coupling in manganese-oxide-coated manganese gallium nanoparticles

The microstructures and magnetic properties of nanoparticles, each composed of an antiferromagnetic （AFM） manganese-oxide shell and a ferromagnetic-like core of manganese-gallium （MnGa） compounds, are studied. The coreshell structure is confirmed by transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The ferromagnetic-like core contains three kinds of MnGa binary compounds, i.e., ferrimagnetic （FI） DO22-type MnaGa, ferromagnetic （FM） Mn8Gas, and AFM DO19-type Mn3Ga, of which the first two correspond respectively to a hard magnetic phase and to a soft one. Decoupling effect between these two phases is found at low temperature, which weakens gradually with increasing temperature and disappears above 200 K. The exchange bias （EB） effect is observed simultaneously, which is caused by the exchange coupling between the AFM shell and FM-like core. A large coercivity of 6.96 kOe （1Oe = 79.5775 A·m^-1） and a maximum EB value of 0.45 kOe are achieved at 300 K and 200 K respectively.     

Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes using CoMnMgO catalysts through catalytic chemical vapor deposition

The Co Mg O and Co Mn Mg O catalysts are prepared by a co-precipitation method and used as the catalysts for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes（CNTs） through the catalytic chemical vapor deposition（CCVD）. The effects of Mn addition on the carbon yield and structure are investigated. The catalysts are characterized by temperature programmed reduction（TPR） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） techniques, and the synthesized carbon materials are characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and thermo gravimetric analysis（TG）. TEM measurement indicates that the catalyst Co Mg O enclosed completely in the produced graphite layer results in the deactivation of the catalyst. TG results suggest that the Co Mn Mg O catalyst has a higher selectivity for CNTs than Co Mg O. Meanwhile, different diameters of CNTs are synthesized by Co Mn Mg O catalysts with various amounts of Co content, and the results show that the addition of Mn avoids forming the enclosed catalyst, prevents the formation of amorphous carbon, subsequently promotes the growth of CNTs, and the catalyst with decreased Co content is favorable for the synthesis of CNTs with a narrow diameter distribution.The Co Mn Mg O catalyst with 40% Co content has superior catalytic activity for the growth of carbon nanotubes.     

光散射与导模共振模型在薄膜太阳能电池结构设计中的应用

利用光散射与导模共振的理论,设计了一种薄膜太阳能电池的陷光结构,对硫属化合物薄膜太阳能电池进行了优化设计,选择多孔氧化铝薄膜(PAA)作为散射层,模型结构层厚度为:窗口层(AZO)320nm,缓冲层(In2S3)65nm,吸收层(SnS)660nm。研究结果表明,光散射与导模共振相结合的薄膜太阳能电池结构能够提高自身的光吸收率,其中由光散射结构提高的全光谱吸收率约为3%。本设计可以优化薄膜太阳能电池的吸收光谱,提高其对近红外波段的光吸收能力,在波长950nm位置的吸收率达到85%,增强了薄膜太阳能电池的光利用率。