定向凝因过程中胞晶生长方向顺流偏转机制的研究

本文利用透明模型合金ＳＣＮ－０．７ｗｔＥｔｈ，系统考察了定向凝固中强制性生长胞晶在生趣其生长方向的液相对作用下形态的顺流方向传转的机制。发现胞晶生长端前沿流场的不对称，其形成其溶质分布的不对称，导致胞端两侧生长动力学因素的差异，是形成胞晶顺流偏转的主要原因。     

掩模法制备高TcYBa2Cu3O7Josephson边缘结

本文利用脉冲激光沉积的定向性和掩模的阴影效应，原位沉积Ｎ－ＹＢＣＯ作为势垒层制备了高ＴｃＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｓｏｎ边缘结，在６０Ｋ，微波辐照观察到明显的Ｓｈａｐｉｒｏ台阶，在Ｔｃ附近，Ｉｃ∽（１－Ｔ／Ｔｃ），ｎ＝１．８８。     

SOI无间距定向耦合光开关模型分析及设计

提出了一种简便可行的ＳＯＩ无间距定向耦合光开关（ＢＯＡ型－Ｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎ Ｏｐｔｉｑｕｅ Ａｃｔｉｖｅ）模型分析方法，采用等离子体色散效应这种光开关的电学调制机理；而用ｐｎ结大注入效应分析开拳电学性质；并根据大截面单模ＳＯＩ脊形波导理论和上棕分析，设计了利用双模干淑机制工作的这种器件的结构参数和电学参数。     

利用螺旋型波带片进行边缘增强成像

为了提高对等离子体内界面区域的诊断精度,研究了利用螺旋型波带片实现边缘增强成像的技术。制作了用于可见光波段的一阶螺旋型波带片,最外环宽度3μm。利用螺旋型波带片对振幅式物体进行了边缘增强成像,实验获得了成像物体内边界区域的清晰图像,界面区域的成像强度得到很大增强。通过实验测量发现,当物距在菲涅耳衍射区域内时,螺旋型波带片也能够获取较好的成像质量,表明螺旋型波带片具有较大的视场角,能够对大尺度物体进行边缘成像。基于螺旋型波带片的边缘增强成像可以弥补传统成像方式对界面区域成像的不足,提高对等离子体内界面区域的诊断能力。     

基于像素灰阶熵的自适应增强算法在乳腺CR图像中的应用

乳腺完全是由密度接近软组织构成,因此乳腺CR(Computed Radiography)放射图像对比度小,轻微的差别变化都可能是肿瘤的表现,要对其进行增强处理方能满足医生临床诊断的需要。而目前通用的乳腺CR图像增强算法对比度和噪声增强过度,丢失细节,为此提出了采用一种基于像素灰阶熵的自适应边缘增强算法对乳腺CR图像进行增强。该算法使用模糊影像增加对选择空间频率的响应,以增强乳腺CR图像结构边缘和细节;算法能根据乳腺CR图像灰度特性即像素灰阶熵来自适应的调节增强程度的加权因数K。实验证明,该算法处理后的乳腺CR图像细节丰富,信噪比高,增强后的图像具有良好的视觉效果,该算法是一种有效的适合乳腺CR医学图像的边缘细节增强算法。     

基于多尺度张量的边缘检测算法

如何在确保边缘精确定位的同时,最大程度地抑制噪声以及图像灰度不均匀所产生的伪边缘点,是当前边缘检测所面临的难题。针对此问题,提出了多尺度张量的边缘检测算法,这种算法可以在不同尺度下获取更丰富的局部结构信息。选取适当的阈值,滤除噪声点和伪边缘,从而得到细节丰富的边缘。实验证明该方法得到的边缘细节丰富,且抗噪声性能较好。     

固体材料定向光谱发射率测量装置研究及误差分析

针对红外隐身材料光谱发射率测评的需要,提出一种基于能量法的发射率测量模型,并建立起固体材料定向光谱发射率测量装置,能实现温度范围50℃～300℃与光谱范围1.3μm～14.5μm的固体材料定向光谱发射率测量。通过对试样进行实测,得到不同样品在150℃和同一样品在不同温度下的光谱发射率曲线,得出该材料发射率随温度变化的结论。最后分析了样品同黑体温度不等引起的误差,给出温差为1℃和2℃时,发射率相对误差随温度与波长的分布曲线,以及不同黑体温度下3μm～5μm和8μm～14μm的平均相对误差值。     

Mobile Rayleigh Doppler wind lidar based on double-edge technique

<正>We describe a mobile molecular Doppler wind lidar(DWL) based on double-edge technique for wind measurement of altitudes ranging from 10 to 40 km.A triple Fabry-Perot etalon is employed as a frequency discriminator to determine the Doppler shift proportional to the wind velocity.The lidar operates at 355 nm with a 45-cm-aperture telescope and a matching azimuth-over-elevation scanner that provides full hemispherical pointing.To guarantee wind accuracy,a single servo loop is used to monitor the outgoing laser frequency to remove inaccuracies due to the frequency drift of the laser or the etalon.The standard deviation of the outgoing laser frequency drift is 6.18 MHz and the corresponding velocity error is 1.11 m/s.The wind profiles measured by the DWL are in good agreement with the results of the wind profile radar(WPR).Evaluation is achieved by comparing at altitudes from 2 to 8 km.The relative error of horizontal wind speed is from 0.8 to 1.8 m/s in the compared ranges.The wind accuracy is less than 6 m/s at 40 km and 3 m/s at 10 km.     

Modified level set method with Canny operator for image noise removal

The level set method is commonly used to address image noise removal. Existing studies concentrate mainly on determining the speed function of the evolution equation. Based on the idea of a Canny operator, this letter introduces a new method of controlling the level set evolution, in which the edge strength is taken into account in choosing curvature flows for the speed function and the normal to edge direction is used to orient the diffusion of the moving interface. The addition of an energy term to penalize the irregularity allows for better preservation of local edge information. In contrast with previous Canny-based level set methods that usually adopt a two-stage framework, the proposed algorithm can execute all the above operations in one process during noise removal.