细水雾衰减目标热辐射的谱带-灰体模型

在火灾防护中为提高热辐射传输计算的效率,建立了多分散细水雾0.8~20μm辐射特性参数数据库,并提出了两种谱带一灰体模型。本文中,辐射特性参数采用数据库调用的方法获取,而细水雾非灰特性采用谱带一灰体模型处理。通过所建三种模型的相对误差和计算效率分析,发现灰体假设模型的相对误差较大,且随水雾光学厚度的增大而增大;而谱带一灰体模型具有很好的精度。总体讲,谱带模型具有最好的精度,但效率最差;灰体假设模型效率最高,但精度最差;只有谱带一灰体模型既兼顾了效率又兼顾了精度。     

钠钾合金热管启动性能实验研究

良好的启动特性是热管可靠运行的必要条件。重力热管启动特性受倾角等因素影响较大。采用55%钾+45%钠配比的钠钾合金热管,实验研究了倾角对其启动特性的影响。得到了倾角为0°,10°,20°,30°,40°及50°时的启动特性,并获得了外壁温分布曲线。结果表明该热管启动特性良好,倾角的增加不仅使冷凝段温度上升更有利于热管的启动。     

Supercontinuum generation in a standard single-mode fiber by a Q-switched Tm,Ho:YVO4 laser

Broadband mid-infrared(IR) supercontinuum laser is generated in standard single-mode fiber-28 directly pumped by a 2054 nm nanosecond Q-switched Tm,Ho:YVO4 laser. The average output powers of 0.53 W in the ~1.95–2.5 μm spectral band and 0.65 W in the ~1.97–2.45 μm spectral band are achieved at pulse rate frequencies of 7 and 10 kHz, and the corresponding optic-to-optic conversion efficiencies are 34.6% and 42.4% by considering the coupling efficiency. The output spectra have extremely high flatness in the range 2060–2400 and 2060–2360 nm with negligible intensity variation(2%), respectively. The output pulse shape is not split, and pulse width is reduced from 29 to ~15.4 ns. The beam quality factor M2 is 1.06, measured using traveling knife-edge method, and the laser beam spot is also monitored by an IR vidicon camera.     

Multi-reference configuration-interaction calculations on multiply charged ions of carbon monosulfide

The potential energy curves for neutrals and multiply charged ions of carbon monosulfide are computed with highly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions.The correlations of inner-shell electrons with the scalar relativistic effects are included in the present computations.The spectroscopic constants,dissociation energies,ionization energies for ground and low-lying excited states together with corresponding electronic configurations of ions are obtained,and a good agreement between the present work and existing experiments is found.No theoretical evidence is found for the adiabatically stable CSq+(q>2) ions according to the present ab initio calculations.The calculated values for 1st-6th ionization energies are 11.25,32.66,64.82,106.25,159.75,and 224.64 eV,respectively.The kinetic energy release data of fragments are provided by the present work for further experimental comparisons.     

三甲基苯基六氟磷酸铵离子液体结构性质的密度泛函研究

离子液体以其独特性质广受关注,人们对其潜在的利用价值做了大量的研究.本文采用密度泛函（DFT）B3LYP/6-31(d)的方法计算了三甲基苯基六氟磷酸铵离子液体的几何和电子结构,对比对了三种不同的优化结构.通过自然键轨道(NBO)分析,得到各原子的电荷分布,并用二阶微扰稳定化能分析了阴阳离子间相互作用.结果发现：阴离子分布在阳离子周围的三个区域,所有离子对中阴阳离子间有电荷的转移,且都存在多重氢键作用,阴阳离子间的电荷转移主要是通过LPF→σ*C-H 相互作用.     

[四-(三-甲氧基-四-羟基)苯基]-锌卟啉-环糊精超分子体系研究

在中性磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,以紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了对称性卟啉[四-(三-甲氧基-四-羟基)苯基]-锌卟啉(简称T(3-MO-4-HP)P-Zn)与α-CD、β-CD、γ-CD三种环糊精之间相互作用形成的超分子体系.结果表明T(3-MO-4HP)P-Zn卟啉与3种环糊精均形成1∶1的包结物.利用双倒数曲线法计算了T(3-MO-4-HP)P-Zn-CD超分子体系的包结常数,结果表明T(3-MO-4-HP)P-Zn与β-CD表现出最强的包结能力.     

银镜反应制备纳米蛾眼减反结构法

为了降低光学表面的菲涅耳反射,提出了一种制备仿生减反结构的方法.利用银镜反应并结合退火处理在硬性材质基底表面制备银纳米粒子,经反应离子刻蚀工艺,在基底表面形成一层纳米蛾眼减反结构.分析了周期分布和随机分布纳米蛾眼的光学特性,实验研究了退火参量和刻蚀参量对银纳米颗粒直径、密度以及高度的影响,并在硅和石英基底上分别制备了随机减反结构.测试结果表明:硅基平均反射率小于4.5%,双面石英基透过率达98.1%.理论和实验均表明:随机分布的纳米仿生蛾眼结构具有宽光谱、广视角和高减反特性,所提出的制备方法具有简便易行、低成本、大幅面等优点,在光电器件中具有良好的潜在应用前景.     

Heat Transport of Electron-Doped Cobaltates

Within the t-J model, the heat transport of electron-doped cobaltates is studied based on the fermionspin theory. It is shown that the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is characterized by the low-temperature peak located at a finite temperature. The thermal conductivity increases monotonously with increasing temperature at low-temperatures T 〈 0.1 J, and then decreases with increasing temperature for higher temperatures T 〉 0.1 J, in qualitative agreement with experimental result observed from NaxCoO2.     

Residual stress induced wetting variation on electric brush-plated Cu film

Nanocrystalline Cu film with a mirror surface finishing is prepared by the electric brush-plating technique. The as- prepared Cu film exhibits a superhydrophilic behavior with an apparent water contact angle smaller than 10°. A subsequent increase in the water contact angle and a final wetting transition from inherent hydrophilicity with water contact angle smaller than 90° to apparent hydrophobicity with water contact angle larger than 90° are observed when the Cu film is subjected to natural aging. Analysis based on the measurement of hardness with nanoindentation and the theory of the bond-order-length-strength correlation reveals that this wetting variation on the Cu film is attributed to the relaxation of residual stress generated during brush-plating deposition and a surface hydrophobization role associated with the broken bond polarization induced by surface nanostructure.     

基于TG-FTIR的杨木热解过程中脲醛树脂影响机理的模型物研究

热解是废弃人造板高效回收利用的方式,人造板中所含胶黏剂是其不同于生物质的主要特征。为了有效环保地利用热解技术处理废弃人造板,解明人造板热解过程中其所含脲醛树脂胶黏剂(UF)对木材热解特性的影响,深入探索UF对人造板中木材各组分的作用机制,以杨木及木材的三种主要组分(纤维素、半纤维素、木素)为研究对象,创新性地依据杨木的化学组成,以纤维素、木聚糖和木素配制成模型物,并加入UF模拟人造板的构成。利用热重红外光谱联用(TG-FTIR)分析法,对比分析了加入UF前后模型物以及杨木各主要组分的热失重特性及气相演变规律。热重及红外结果表明,UF促进了纤维素热解过程中水和羧酸类物质的生成。UF与木素结合生成热不稳定的含氮结构,释放大量氨气,并且在200～300 ℃区间内参与了木素的热解并直接影响木素热解产物的生成。由此推测,在人造板热解过程中,木材三种主要组分中与UF作用的主要成分是木素。