20～46.2MeV/u 12C+64Cu反应中线性动量转移及重余核质量产额分布研究

利用核化学方法测量了20～46.2MeV/u~(12)C与铜靶核碰撞中重余核产物的平均反冲射程及余核产额,从而得到了该系统的线性动量转移及重余核质量产额分布随入射能量的变化,讨论了线性动量转移与靶核几何尺寸及系统尺寸的关系,利用两体衰变理论对重余核质量产额分布进行了分析,并认为在这个能区,该碰撞系统所形成的激发核的主要衰变模式是相继两体衰变。 The linear momentum transfer (LMT) and mass distribution of the residues in thecollisions of ~(12)C with ~(Nat)Cu in energy region of 20～46. 2MeV/u were measured by usingrediochemical method. Comparing the LMT in this system with that in other systems, linear dependenceof the maxium LMT for central collision on geometry of target nucleus was obtained, and the averageLMT then depended on the geometry of whole system. Comparision of the mass distribution measured here with theoretical calculation...     

螺旋线型μs量级高压长脉冲形成线设计北大核心

详细介绍了一种螺旋线型μs量级高压长脉冲形成线的设计方案,率先将螺旋线的结构形式应用于μs量级高压长脉冲发生器设计。形成线的内导体为螺旋线,工作介质为去离子水,形成线的等效电容为41.25 nF,等效电感为6.06μH,特性阻抗为12.1Ω,输出脉冲宽度1μs,最高充电电压1 MV,最大储能20.6kJ,匹配状态下输出电压约500 kV。设计结果表明:与采用传统的单筒直线结构相比,在获取同等脉冲宽度的条件下,采用螺旋线结构可使脉冲形成线的长度缩短75%左右。     

Holstein极化子能带和有效质量的温度依赖性

使用正则变换方法,考察了一维Holstein极化子能带和有效质量的温度依赖性。结果表明,对于一定的电子声子耦合强度,Holstein极化子能带宽度随温度升高而变窄,有效质量随温度升高而增大。特别是当电子声子耦合强度足够大时,极化子能带宽度在很小的温度范围内会迅速地变为零,我们认为这种情况实际上是极化子从能带状态向自陷局域态的迅速转变,这与通常的相变现象有点相类似。当电子声子耦合常数越大时,极化子有效质量随温度的升高而增加得越快。很显然,研究电子声子相互作用,对理解固体的光学和输运等性质将有重要的意义。     

Systematic Study on Alpha Decay Half-Lives of Superheavy Nuclei

The α-decay half-lives of a set of superheavy nuclear isotope chain from Z = 105 to 120 have been analyzed systematically within the WKB method, and some nuclear structure features are found. The decay barriers have been determined in the quasi-molecular shape path within the Generalized Liquid Drop Model （GLDM） including the proximity effects between nucleons in a neck and the mass and charge asymmetry. The results are in reasonable agreement with the published experimental data for the alpha decay half-llves of isotopes of charge 112, 114, and 116, of the element 294118 and of some decay products. A comparison of present calculations with the results by the DDM3Y effective interaction and by the Viola-Seaborg-Sobiczewski （VSS） formulae is also made. The experimental a decay half lives all stand in between the GLDM calculations and VSS formula results. This demonstrates the possibility of these models to provide reasonable estimates for the half-lives of nuclear decays by a emissions for the domain of SHN. The half-lives of these new nuclei are thus well tested from the reasonable consistence of the macroscopic, the microscopic, the empirical formulae and the experimental data. This also shows that the present data of SHN themselves are consistent. It could suggest that the present experimental claims on the existence of new elements Z =110 - 118 are reliable. It is expected that greater deviations of a few SHN between the data and the model may be eliminated by further improvements on the precision of the measurements.     

片状ZnO单晶的光电性能研究

通过SEM、TG、XRD、IR、UV-Vis研究了用均匀沉淀法制备的片状ZnO单晶的结晶学和光电性能.结果显示:片状ZnO是结晶良好的晶体,属纤锌矿结构,对中红外和可见光透射率很高,达80;以上,而对近紫外光的透射率仅为6;.片状ZnO单晶的晶格常数为a＝0.3246 nm,c＝0.5207 nm,禁带宽度为3.25 eV.     

多电子激发态离子的自电离衰变处理方法

在分析当前描述离子与原子碰撞的经典理论模型的基础上,详细讨论了处理多电子激发态自电离衰变问题的一些新的思路,把高电荷态离子与原子碰撞反应中的电子转移过程分为四阶段描述,并依据能量守恒原理,规范了处理多电子激发态离子发生自电离衰变的规则,自洽地解决碰撞中间过程中俘获多电子后的离子发生自电离向末态衰变的问题,并分析和比较了新的计算结果与实验结果     

230U重离子衰变的观测

利用35MeV的质子束轰击ThO₂粉末靶,通过²³²Th(p,3n)反应产生²³⁰Pa核,经用放射化学方法分离出²³⁰Pa核并制成²³⁰Pa→²³⁰U测量源.用聚乙烯对苯二酸酯固体核径迹探测器记录其发射的重离子径迹.经248天的收集,观测到了两个²³⁰U→²⁰⁸Ph+²²Ne衰变事件,相对于α衰变的分支比为(1.3±0.8)×10^－14.     

K介子稀有衰变及其对Multiscale WalkingTechnicolor模型的限制

在多标度人工色模型框架下计算了荷电PG玻色子π±1和π±8对K介子稀有衰变过程K⁺→π⁺νν,K_L→π⁰νν和K_L→μ⁺μ^－的企鹅图贡献.计算结果表明:(a)荷电PG玻色子可以对K介子稀有衰变分枝比给出1～3个量级的增强;(b)根据现有实验数据,K.Lane等人提出的多标度人工色模型基本被排除.     

缺中子120Ba核EC/β+衰变的再研究

利用171MeV ³²S束轰击⁹²Mo靶,熔合蒸发(2n2p)反应合成了¹²⁰Ba核.由氦喷嘴反冲快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.位于带子两侧的两个平面型高纯锗探测器对反应产物进行了符合测量.经离线数据分析,对早先发表的¹²⁰Ba衰变γ射线予以确认,并补充了19条强度较弱、能量较低的γ射线.建议了¹²⁰Ba的衰变纲图共包括35条γ射线和25条能级.     

B→η′K(K),ηK(K)衰变过程的分析

对B→η′K(K^*),ηK(K^*)过程的最新实验结果及各种可能的理论解释做了系统分析,并对某些衰变机制的实验检验做了简要讨论.