微孔中简单流体扩散行为的分子动力学模拟研究

用分子动力学模拟方法研究了受限在微孔中的简单流体氩的扩散行为,考察了微孔类型、孔径、温度和密度对微孔中流体扩散系数的影响.研究发现,微孔中流体的扩散系数均小于体相流体,并且随孔径的减小而减小,同时沿孔道或狭缝方向的扩散系数分量远大于沿孔径方向的分量,并且流体在通道型微孔中的扩散系数小于在狭缝型微孔中的扩散系数,温度和密度也是影响微孔中扩散的重要因素.     

激光辐照受拉铝板破坏行为的时空多尺度数值模拟

推导耦合过渡区内参变量信息交换的元/网格动量传递多尺度算法,建立离散元与有限元耦合时空多尺度计算模型,并应用于激光辐照下受拉铝板破坏行为的数值模拟中.通过对比有限元计算模型、空间多尺度计算模型与时空多尺度计算模型在激光辐照下受拉铝板破坏算例的模拟结果,验证离散元与有限元耦合时空多尺度计算模型的准确性和数值计算高效率优势.使用该多尺度计算模型从宏观和细观尺度对铝板破坏行为进行数值模拟,模拟结果与实验结果基本一致.     

用于聚合物驱油的抽油杆动力学分析

聚驱井与水驱井相比杆管偏磨更加严重,聚驱井采出液的法向力是加剧偏磨 的重要因素之一. 根据非牛顿流体力学理论,采用上随体Maxwell模型,建立了法向力计算 模型,确定了井筒内法向力的分布规律,并将此法向力施加在抽油杆的瞬态动力学 模型中; 考虑实际边界条件,采用有限元法对聚驱抽油杆进行了分析计算. 并对FU081801 井模拟计算进行验证,模拟结果与作业检测结果吻合较好,证明了该方法的可行性. 通过此 方法可预测出聚驱井杆管的偏磨位置以及聚合物浓度对抽油杆偏磨的影响程度.     

清华大学破坏力学教育部重点实验室研究工作进展(2005-2008年)

国家教委于1993年12月批准成立破坏力学开放研究实验室(failure mechanics laboratory, FML),挂靠在清华大学工程力学系,1999年正式命名为破坏力学教育部重点实验室.自1994年以来,在教育部和清华大学的领导与支持下,作为重点学科固体力学中的骨干研究基地,FML在科研上承担了众多国家重点科技攻关项目、"973"和"863"项目以及国家自然科学基金重大、重点和面上项目,取得了多项国家和部委级的科技成果奖和人才奖,在科研和人才两方面取得了显著的成绩.     

SELF-INSTABILITY AND BENDING BEHAVIORS OF NANO PLATES

This paper aims at investigating the size-dependent self-buckling and bending behaviors of nano plates through incorporating surface elasticity into the elasticity with residual stress fields. In the absence of external loading, positive surface tension induces a compressive residual stress field in the bulk of the nano plate and there may be self-equilibrium states corresponding to the plate self-buckling. The self-instability of nano plates is investigated and the critical self-instability size of simply supported rectangular nano plates is determined. In addition, the residual stress field in the bulk of the nano plate is usually neglected in the existing literatures, where the elastic response of the bulk is often described by the classical Hooke＇s law. The present paper considered the effect of the residual stress in the bulk induced by surface tension and adopted the elasticity with residual stress fields to study the bending behaviors of nano plates without buckling. The present results show that the surface effects only modify the coefficients in corresponding equations of the classical Kirchhoff plate theory.     

THERMAL FRACTURE OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PLATE WITH PARALLEL SURFACE CRACKS

This work examines the fracture behavior of a functionally graded material （FGM） plate containing parallel surface cracks with alternating lengths subjected to a thermal shock. The thermal stress intensity factors （TSIFs） at the tips of long and short cracks are calculated using a singular integral equation technique. The critical thermal shock △Tc that causes crack initiation is calculated using a stress intensity factor criterion. Numerical examples of TSIFs and △Tc for an Al2O3/Si3N4 FGM plate are presented to illustrate the effects of thermal property gradation, crack spacing and crack length ratio on the TSIFs and △Tc. It is found that for a given crack length ratio, the TSIFs at the tips of both long and short cracks can be reduced significantly and △Tc can be enhanced by introducing appropriate material gradation. The TSIFs also decrease dramatically with a decrease in crack spacing. The TSIF at the tips of short cracks may be higher than that for the long cracks under certain crack geometry conditions. Hence, the short cracks instead of long cracks may first start to grow under the thermal shock loading.     

EFFECTS OF POISSON’S RATIO ON SCALING LAW IN HERTZIAN FRACTURE

In this paper the Auerbach＇s scaling law of Hertzian fracture induced by a spherical indenter pressing on a brittle solid is studied. In the analysis, the singular integral equation method is used to analyze the fracture behavior of the Hertzian contact problem. The results show that the Auerbach＇s constant sensitively depends on the Poisson＇s ratio, and the effective Auerbach＇s domain is also determined for a given value of the Poisson＇s ratio.     

Asymptotic behavior of 2D generalized stochastic Ginzburg-Landau equation with additive noise

The 2D generalized stochastic Ginzburg-Landau equation with additive noise is considered. The compactness of the random dynamical system is established with a priori estimate method, showing that the random dynamical system possesses a random attractor in H^1 0.     

Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of viscoelastic shallow arches

The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of nonlinear viscoelastic shallow arches sub- jected to external excitation are investigated. Based on the d＇Alembert principle and the Euler-Bernoulli assumption, the governing equation of a shallow arch is obtained, where the Leaderman constitutive relation is applied. The Galerkin method and numerical in- tegration are used to study the nonlinear dynamic properties of the viscoelastic shallow arches. Moreover, the effects of the rise, the material parameter and excitation on the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the shallow arch viscoelastic shallow arches may appear to have a are investigated. The results show that chaotic motion for certain conditions.     

New discrete element models for elastoplastic problems

The discrete element method （DEM） has attractive features for problems with severe damages, but lack of theoretical basis for continua behavior especially for nonlinear behavior has seriously restricted its application. The present study proposes a new approach to developing the DEM as a general and robust technique for modeling the elastoplastic behavior of solid materials. New types of connective links between elements are proposed, the interelement parameters are theoretically determined based on the principle of energy equivalence and a yield criterion and a flow rule for DEM are given for describing nonlinear behavior of materials. Moreover, a numerical scheme, which can be applied to modeling the behavior of a continuum as well as the transformation from a continuum to a discontinuum, is obtained by introducing a fracture criterion and a contact model into the DEM. The elastoplastic stress wave propagations and the tensile failure process of a steel plate are simulated, and the numerical results agree well with those obtained from the finite element method （FEM） and corresponding experiment, and thus the accuracy and efficiency of the DEM scheme are demonstrated.