自然冷源在家用冰箱系统应用及性能分析

空气自然冷源已逐渐用于制冷系统中,引入自然冷源能提高冷凝器出口过冷度,或将自然冷源冷却载冷剂经节流直接引入蒸发器,可有效提高系统COP;基于国内冬春季温度≤5℃的自然冷源分布状况,设计了一种引入自然冷源用于家用冰箱的新型制冷系统,并建立热力学计算模型,分析了不同自然冷源工况时冷凝器过冷度在0、5、10、15℃下的系统COP、压缩机指示功率、系统耗电量及冷凝器热负荷,经计算,冬春季时与传统家用冰箱制冷系统相比,系统COP提高了12%,日均系统耗电量节约0.48kWh。     

Temperature Effects of Parabolic Linear Bound Potential and Coulomb Bound Potential Quantum Dot Qubit

On the condition of electric-LO phonon strong coupling in a parabolic quantum dot, we obtain the eigenenergy and the eigenfunctions of the ground state and the first-excited state using the variational method of Pekar type. This system in a quantum dot may be employed as a two-level quantum system-qubit. When the electron is in the superposition state of the ground state and the first-excited state, we obtain the time evolution of the electron density. The relations of the probability density of electron on the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant and the relations of the period of oscillation on the temperature, the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant, the Coulomb binding parameter and the confinement length are derived. The results show that the probability density of electron oscillates with a period when the electron is in the superposition state of the ground and the first-excited state, and show that there are different laws that the probability density of electron and the period of oscillation change with the temperature and the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant when the temperature is lower or higher. And it is obtained that the period of oscillation decreases with increasing the Coulomb bound potential and increases with increasing the confinement length not only at lower temperatures but also at higher temperatures.     

Phonon density of states and phonon dispersion of superconducting MgB2

For the superconductor MgB2, we have calculated the phonon density of states （DOS）, phonon dispersion and Eliashberg function throughout the Brillouin zone （BZ）, using an empirical potential model. The calculated values are consistent with the theoretical and experimental values. The calculated results show our empiricalpotential model is available for MgB2.     

新型成膜法的SAW气体传感器聚合物膜的粘弹性分析

分析了一种基于自组装和分子印迹技术的声表面波气体传感器的响应模型。首先利用Martin理论和Auld的摄动方法分析金膜对于声表面波的扰动效应,然后将其扩展至覆盖于金膜上的聚合物膜对于声波的扰动分析。以剪切模量的实部为参量,可以将聚合物分为三种状态,即玻璃状膜、玻璃状-橡胶态膜和橡胶态膜。最后模拟分析了聚合物膜对于气体的吸附特性。结果表明由于聚合物膜的粘弹特性,传感器响应与其工作频率并不完全呈线性。通过实验获得了不同膜厚的采用新型成膜方法的聚合物对SAW的扰动效应并与理论计算结果进行对比,结果显示相对不考虑活性表面金膜的Martin理论,对于衰减扰动的分析与实验结果更加一致。但是对速度的扰动与实验结果有一定偏差。另外还模拟了基于新型成膜方式的气体传感器聚合物敏感膜对于气体的吸附效应,结果显示对于玻璃状膜,传感器的响应随着敏感膜厚的增加而递增,并与气体浓度呈现良好的线性特性,但是对于橡胶态膜,传感器灵敏度与膜厚之间的关系相对复杂。     

阴道超声诊断自然分娩后SUI患者BND、V-BN-S参数特点及康复治疗前后变化分析

探讨自然分娩后压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者膀胱颈移动度(BND)、张力期膀胱颈位置(V-BN-S)、静息期膀胱颈位置(R-BN-S)和尿道旋转角度(UR)的参数特征及康复治疗前后的变化.选取自然分娩后SUI患者110例作为观察组,选取同期自然分娩后无SUI者100例作为对照组,采用阴道超声测量BND、V-BN-S、R-B...     

光纤声传感反正切解调的采样率与信号幅度关系

针对光纤光栅声传感系统反正切解调算法中采样率与声场幅度相关这一现象,计算分析了正弦声信号、高斯脉冲声信号在3种不同反正切算法下幅度与采样率的关系,用脉冲声信号进行了实验验证,并从相位展开方式的判据出发予以机理解释,以期望在应用前可根据声场、传感器灵敏度等选择恰当的采样率。数值计算和实验结果表明,这3种方式需要的采样率均与信号幅度呈线性关系,分别需要一个声周期内采样点数为信号幅度的8倍、4倍和2倍。此外,还将3种方式与微分-交叉相乘算法在软件计算时的实时性和计算精度进行了比较,在满足采样率要求时三者均较微分-交叉相乘算法的表现更佳。     

反向泵浦的受激喇曼光声光谱

An improved experiment setup for Stimulated Photoacoustic Raman Spectroscopy（PARS）was reported. The employed two laser beams,unlike general arrangement of propagating in the same direction,counterpropagated with each other. This arrangement can eliminate the limitation that the small Raman shift could not be measured with general arrangement. Therefore,this improved setup was especially useful for measuring the PARS spectrum with small Raman shift,such as the pure rotational Raman spectrum. In the experiment,taking CH4 molecules as a research object,one laser was fixed at 532. 1 nm while another tunable dye laser scanned. The PARS spectrum of CH4 molecules for the v1 ,v2 and v3 bands was recorded in the two wavelength ranges of 625-642 nm and 573-589 nm,and the results agreed well with those obtained by Spontaneous Raman Scattering（ORS）technique,confirming the validity of the improved experimental setup.     

二维水下声辐射问题的改进径向基点插值法研究

径向基点插值法是一种典型的无网格数值计算方法,在分析声学问题时,相比于传统有限元法能更好地抑制频散误差,且在相同的节点分布下通常可以得到更精确的数值解。本文提出一种改进的节点选取方案用于构造插值形函数,即改进径向基点插值法。该方案采取一个简单而直接的格式,可确保在进行数值积分时同一背景积分单元中的被积函数是连续可微的,从而减小数值积分误差,得到比原始径向基点插值法更精确的数值解。同时,为了处理外声场问题,本文采用DtN映射技术将无限域截断为有界计算域,满足索默菲尔德辐射条件。数值试验表明,相比于传统有限元法和原始径向基点插值法,本文改进方法具有更高的计算精度和计算效率,在研究水下声辐射问题时具有良好的应用前景。     

高压下铜的声子谱和弹性系数

 以Foiles、Baskes和Daw提出的嵌入原子势（EAM）为基础,并结合Vinet-Rose形式的普适物态方程,建立了金属铜原子间的EAM势。在此基础上,用EAM势和第一原理微扰理论方法计算了高压下铜的声子谱和弹性系数。通过适当地调整嵌入原子势参数,这两种方法几乎能够给出完全一致的结果。而且,晶格振动声子谱和比热的理论值与实验值符合得也非常好。