两相湍流色噪声扩维法PDF模型及数值模拟

由颗粒运动的朗之万方程出发,对流体脉动速度采用扩维方法,得到两个不同层次的PDF输运方程.通过对颗粒运动方程求解和高斯分布假设,解决PDF方程的封闭问题,获得颗粒二阶矩模型,然后将颗粒应力方程简化成代数方程,建立代数应力模型.将对流扩散方程的有限分析法运用到求解两相流模型中,对壁面两相射流进行数值模拟,对比分析数值结果与实验结果.     

一种基于频率方差加权的线谱目标检测方法

在复杂的多目标声场中,常规波束形成（CBF）检测器性能显著下降。本文提出一种基于频率方差加权的线谱目标检测方法——CBF频率方差检测器,利用被动目标辐射噪声中含有高强度的稳定线谱这一特征,用每个方位频率域的峰值频率方差对CBF输出的方位谱进行加权。该检测器可在多目标强干扰和同波束强相干干扰背景中检测到弱线谱目标,且只须三维显示,避开了传统的线谱检测四维显示的难点。仿真和海试结果表明,在多目标、强干扰的环境下,可以探测到弱线谱目标。     

Entropic Stochastic Resonance Driven by Colored Noise

The phenomenon of entropic stochastic resonance （ESR） in a two-dimensional confined system driven by a transverse periodic force is investigated when the colored fluctuation is included in the system. Applying the method of unified colored noise approximation, the approximate Fokker-Planck equation can be derived in the absence of the periodic force. Through the escaping rate of the Brownian particle from one well to the other, the power spectral amplification can be obtained. It is found that increasing the values of the noise correlation time and the signal frequency can suppress the ESR of the system.     

像增强器光阴极在热冲击环境下噪声频谱分析

利用自行设计的CMETS005型检测与光谱测试系统对微光瞄准镜进行测试,完成了像增强器光阴极在热冲击环境下的噪声频谱特性测试。试验与分析结果表明:像增强器经过温度冲击后的噪声功率谱在0~1kHz范围内随频率增加而变化较大,呈1/f噪声特性。当环境温度升高时,光电阴极中的热致电流密度增大,从而导致微光瞄准镜观察景物图像时的对比度与鉴别率降低,最后引起夜视系统探测目标性能的下降。     

基于B样条迭代法的激光光条噪声去除技术研究

在基于线结构光的视觉测量系统中,激光光条中心的提取精度是影响系统最后精度的关键因素。目前常用的光条中心提取方法都没有去除光条上的干扰噪声,在分析现有方法的基础上提出了一种利用B样条迭代去除光条噪声的方法。以光条上的点作为控制顶点拟合B样条曲线,在同一位置下用B样条曲线上的点取代噪声点,这样反复修改噪声点的位置使其逐渐逼近实际曲线,从而达到去除噪声的目的。利用重心法提取去噪后光条的中心,着重分析了参与运算的像素的取值范围。通过对比实验证明该方法的提取精度远高于其它方法,从而验证了去除噪声的有效性。     

光电耦合器件闪烁噪声模型

对电应力前后光电耦合器件的闪烁噪声（1/f噪声）进行了实验和理论研究.实验发现,应力前后1/f噪声幅值随偏置电流均有相同的变化规律：在低电流区,1/f噪声幅值与偏置电流成正比,在高电流区,1/f噪声幅值与偏置电流的平方成正比,且应力后1/f噪声幅值增大了约7倍.理论分析表明,小电流时该器件的1/f噪声为扩散1/f噪声,大电流时为复合1/f噪声,应力在器件有源区诱生的陷阱是1/f噪声增大的根本原因.基于载流子数涨落和迁移率涨落机制,建立了一个光电耦合器件1/f噪声的定量分析模型,实验结果和模型符合良好.     

Effect of Asymmetry of Dichotomous Noise on Transport of Particles

In this paper, an additive dichotomous noise model and a multiplicative dichotomous noise model are investigated for the effect of the asymmetry of the additive and multiplicative dichotomous noises on the transport of the particles, in the presence of spatial symmetry and asymmetry, respectively. It is shown that, in the presence of spatial asymmetry, the asymmetry of the dichotomous noise can weaken or enhance the transport of the particles; while in the absence of spatial asymmetry, the nonzero current induced by the noise＇s asymmetry is ＂symmetric＂ around the zero current. In addition, a current reversal can be produced by controlling the noise＇s asymmetry parameter; and we find that, for some values of the noise＇s asymmetry parameter, the multiplicative dichotomous noise can more easily induce the transport of the particles than the additive dichotomous noise.     

Property of Quantum Correlations with Correlated Noise

We analyze the classical and quantum correlation properties of the standard and so-called quasiclassical depolarizing channel with correlated noise and non-Markovian dephasing channel, specifically we use the quantum discord, entanglement, and measurement-induced disturbance （MID） to measure the quantum correlations. For the depolarizing channel, we find that the memory effect has more influence on the MID and quantum discord than entanglement. For the dephasing channel, we show that the non-Markovian dephasing channel is more robust than Markovian dephasing channel against deeoherence. We also find that at first MID and quantum discord take different values, and then after a specific time they will take almost the same value and both decay monotonically in the same way.     

Speckle noise reduction in digital holography by use of multiple polarization holograms

A novel speckle reduction technique for digital holography is proposed. Multiple off-axis holograms are recorded using a circularly polarized illumination beam and a rotating linearly polarized reference beam. The speckle noise in the reconstructed images is suppressed by averaging these fields. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique experimentally and conduct additional statistical evaluation.     

Behavior of a Logistic Map Driven by White Noise

In the real world, every nonlinear system is inevitably affected by noise. As an example, a logistic map driven by white noise is studied. Unlike previous studies which focused on the behavior under local parameters to find analytical results, we investigate the whole driven logistic map. For a white noise driven logistic map, its nondivergent interval decreases with increasing white noise. The white noise does not change the equilibrium point and two-cycle intervals in statistics, if the driven logistic map is kept non-divergent. In particular, chaos can be excited by white noise only after the four-cycle bifurcation begins. The latest result is a necessary condition which has not been given in the literature [Int. J. Bifur. Chaos 18 （2008） 509], and it can be deduced from Sharkovsky＇s theorem. Numerical simulations prove these analytical results.