一种油介质开关振荡器研究

为了产生较高中心频率宽带高功率微波, 对一种填充变压器油作为绝缘介质的1/4波长开关振荡器进行了研究。首先对这种开关振荡器特性阻抗分布进行了分析;然后利用静态电场仿真结果和变压器油击穿实验数据, 分析了该振荡器的耐压能力;在此基础上, 利用CST软件对其瞬态工作特性进行了仿真, 考察了开关间隙击穿位置和间隙电压下降时间对产生阻尼正弦信号的峰值和频率的影响;最后介绍了该振荡器以一种方向系数为3的短螺旋天线作为辐射天线的实验测试结果, 结果表明, 该开关振荡器充电电压上升时间为15 ns时, 耐压达到-322 kV, 产生宽带高功率微波中心频率约360 MHz, 3 dB带宽约22%, 辐射因子170 kV。     

多模海森堡代数的算符恒等式

利用算符代数中的分析方法,得到了多模海森堡(Heisenberg)代数中的BCH公式和压缩算符的展开式。     

Tribological properties of diamond-like carbon films deposited by pulsed laser arc deposition

A novel method, pulsed laser arc deposition combining the advantages of pulsed laser deposition and cathode vacuum arc techniques, was used to deposit the diamond-like carbon (DLC) nanofilms with different thicknesses. Spectroscopic ellipsometer, Auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and multi-functional friction and wear tester were employed to investigate the physical and tribological properties of the deposited films. The results show that the deposited films are amorphous and the sp$^{2}$, sp$^{3}$ and C--O bonds at the top surface of the films are identified. The Raman peak intensity and surface roughness increase with increasing film thickness. Friction coefficients are about 0.1, 0.15, 0.18, when the film thicknesses are in the range of 17--21~nm, 30--57~nm, 67--123~nm, respectively. This is attributed to the united effects of substrate and surface roughness. The wear mechanism of DLC films is mainly abrasive wear when film thickness is in the range of 17--41~nm, while it transforms to abrasive and adhesive wear, when the film thickness lies between 72 and 123~nm.     

风力机风轮振动特性研究

针对风轮的轴向窜动效应和陀螺效应振动特性,采用流固耦合分析原理进行模态数值模拟及风力机实际运行状态下的试验验证.结论发现:轴向窜动效应振动的触发源于塔架弹性,气动载荷和离心力对该类振动频率的变化基本没有影响;陀螺效应振动的触发源于同一时刻不同叶片表面气动压力的不对称,气动载荷中的周向力是导致该类振动频率发生变化的主要原因,轴向力则对其振动频率的变化没有影响,离心力对该类振动频率的变化影响不大,且近似成线性.相关研究成果,可能为很多风力机在远短于设计寿命期内频繁发生叶根损伤和断裂、变速箱齿轮严重磨损、发电机主轴变形等一些困扰学界的问题提供新的分析思路和答案.     

Angular reconstruction of a lead scintillating-fiber sandwiched electromagnetic calorimeter

The Neighbor Cell Deposited Energy Ratio （NCDER） is a new method that is proposed to reconstruct incidence position in a single layer for a 3-dimensional imaging electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL）. This method was applied to reconstruct the ECAL test beam data for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 （AMS-02）. The results show that this method can achieve an angular resolution of 7.36±0.08°/√E＋0.28±0.02° in the determination of the photon＇s direction, which is much more precise than that obtained with the commonly-adopted Center of Gravity （COG） method （8.4±0.1°/E＋0.8±0.3°）. Furthermore, since it uses only the properties of electromagnetic showers, this new method could also be used for other type of fine grain sampling calorimeters.     

中和颗粒可压缩性颗粒层模型

本文针对可压缩颗粒层建立了二维数值模型.首先利用颗粒层中颗粒间的相互位置关系,建立了每一个颗粒的力平衡方程,获得了每一个颗粒的受力大小,然后提出了颗粒层坍塌判据,在此基础上,建立了描述颗粒层的沉积-压缩-沉积的动态过程的可压缩颗粒层模型,模型计算结果表明,颗粒层压缩现象主要发生在下部区域,过滤速度越高、范德华力越小,颗粒层越易坍塌,并且颗粒层的压降出现了脉动,模型结果符合已知的实验结果.     

铅蓄冷材料的二级脉冲管制冷机研究

采用多级方案是高频脉冲管制冷机获得低于20 K以下制冷温度的主要方法,以不锈钢金属丝网为蓄冷材料的二级高频脉冲管制冷机,实验已经达到了20 K以下温度.理论上讲,由于热容大,以铅为主的蓄冷材料比不锈钢更适合40～10 K温区工作,这在低频回热制冷机中得到了证明.本文介绍了我们采用不同铅球和铅网为低温蓄冷材料的研究结果.实验表明,小铅球对于高频脉冲管制冷机是不很合适的,导致制冷温度的明显升高.镀铅的不锈钢丝网和已有不锈钢丝网的性能相似,可进一步深入研究.该研究对于20 K以至更低温度的高频回热制冷机研究有一定的借鉴意义.     

电磁驱动45钢准等熵压缩的实验研究

在已有的众多准等熵加载技术中,磁驱动准等熵加载技术具有准等熵程度高、压力范围大、实验材料种类多、效费比高等特点。利用中物院流体物理研究所建成的磁驱动准等熵压缩和高速飞片实验装置CQ-1.5(最高加载压力为50GPa),成功开展了45钢的准等熵压缩实验,对装置的主要参数进行了介绍;利用激光干涉测试系统DPS获得了45钢飞片的自由面速度历史,通过反积分处理给出了材料准等熵压缩的p-V关系。通过分析实验数据,获得了45钢3种形式的等熵方程的参数。实验获得的最高等熵压力为47.5GPa。     

Equation of State and Elastic Constants of Compressed fcc Cu

First-principles calculations of equation of state and single-crystal elastic constants of copper are carried out up to twofold compression. The Helmholtz free energies are calculated using the quasi-harmonic phonon approach based on density-functional theory within both the local density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation （GGA）. We find that the results calculated within GGA agree better with the experimental measurements in overall. The equation of state and the zero-pressure single-crystal elastic constants are close to the experimental values.     

皮秒脉冲功率技术理论模型及其优化设计

为了产生100~500 ps,200~500 kV,1~10 kA数量级的皮秒放电脉冲,建立了一个皮秒脉冲发生器理论模型,并提出利用增益系数极值法,确定其最大兼容工作点,相对于纳秒脉冲成形线,皮秒脉冲成形线实现了90%,70%,85%的归一化电压增益、能量增益和放电功率增益。为了最大限度地降低皮秒脉冲成形线的载压时间,提高系统的绝缘安全因子,利用华罗庚0.618优算法,设计了电压传输系数。在纳秒脉冲成形线与皮秒脉冲成形线阻抗比值等于1.63条件下,在4倍和6倍皮秒脉冲成形线时间之内,归一化电压增益、能量增益和放电功率增益就可以分别达到94%,72%,89%与99%,53%,97%。