Isospin Effect of Charged Particle Multiplicity in Intermediate Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

The dependences of He and intermediate mass fragments (IMF) production rates in the reactions 55 MeV/u ^40Ar ^58,64 Ni on the isospin, impact parameter and primary excitation energy of the reaction nuclear system were studied by using the 4π charged particle multi-detector array system (MUDAL). For the mentioned two reaction systems, the measured He particle contribution in the total charged particle multiplicity increases with increasing the total charged particle multiplicity but for the contribution of IMFs in the total charged particle multiplicity increases with increasing the total charged particle multiplicity at lower total charged particle multiplicities, and latter on it drops down with further increasing of the total charged particle multiplicities (see Fig.l). The experimental results of these two reaction systems with the same nuclear charge indicate that the contribution of He and IMFs in the total charged particle multiplicities are obviously isospin dependent.     

Singlet-Triplet Transition in Quantum Dots Confined by Triangular and Bowl-Like Potentials： the Effect of Electric Fields

We theoretically investigate the energy spectra of two-electron two-dimensional （2e 2D） quantum dots （QDs） confined by triangular potentials and bowl-like potentials in a magnetic field by exact diagonalization in the framework of effective mass theory. An in-plane electric field is found to contribute to the singlet-triplet transition of the ground state of the 2e 2D QDs confined by triangular or bowl-like potentials in a perpendicular magnetic field. The stronger the in-plane electric field, the smaller the magnetic field for the total spin of the ground states in the dot systems to change from S = 0 to S = 1. However, the influence of an in-plane electric field on the singlettriplet transition of the ground state of two electrons in a triangular QD modulated by a perpendicular magnetic field is quite small because the triangular potential just deviates from the harmonic potential well slightly. We find that the strength of the perpendicular magnetic field needed for the spin singlet-triplet transition of the ground state of the QD confined by a bowl-like potential is reduced drastically by applying an in-plane electric field.     

Dependence of Isospin Fractionation on Beam Energy in Heavy Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies

We investigated the dependence of isospin fractionation degree (N/Z)n/ (N/Z)Nfrag on the beam energy by using the isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics model (IQMD). The (N/Z)n and (N/Z)Nfrag are the neutron proton ratio of nucleon emission (gas phase) and that of fragment emission (liquid phase) respectively. The calculated results show that (N/Z)n / (N/Z)Nfrag enhances with increasing the beam energy due to the increase of excitation energy of colliding system. But above properties is only occurred in the definiteenergy region.     

略述一类求参数取值范围问题的共同解法--兼论数学教师在教与学活动中的主体地位

考察这样的问题 :已知函数ｙ=ｘ-ａ的图象与其反函数的图象有公共点 ,求实数ａ的取值范围 .避开具体教法不谈 ,樊老师在文 [1 ]中引导学生得到下面一种解法 ,这就是ｙ=ｘ-ａ(ｘ≥ａ)在 [ａ ,+∞ )上是增函数 ,它有反函数因为如果ｙ=ｆ(ｘ)单调增 ,且ｙ =ｆ(ｘ)与ｙ=ｆ- 1 (ｘ)有公共点 (ａ ,ｂ) ,那么ａ =ｂ所以已知函数ｙ=ｘ-ａ 的图象与其反函数的图象有公共点 ,则该公共点必在直线ｙ=ｘ上 .所以 ｙ=ｘ-ａｙ=ｘ 　 ｘ2 =ｘ-ａ有解 Δ ≥ 0 .从而ａ≤ 14.本人以为 ,这样做没有揭示出问题的本质特征 .试问 :若函数ｙ=ａ-ｘ的图象与其反函…     

Recombination Efficiency in Double-Layer Organic Light-Emitting Devices

We analyse the influence of properties of organic/organic interface (OOI) on the characteristics of recombination efficiency of organic double-layer light-emitting diodes. Based on the disordered hopping theory model, spatial and energetic disorder of hopping states are also discussed for the case of space charge limited currents in hole transmitting layers but injection-limited currents in electron transporting layers. The results show that the recombination efficiency increases firstly and then decreases for different OOI parameters, and there is a maximum value changed with different spatial disorder parameters and energetic disorder scale. Different spatial disorder parameters make carrier mobilities change greatly, and the energetic disorder scale causes various localized state densities. Our calculated results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data.     

月球,人类航天的“加速器”

 2003年10月15日,是一个永载中华民族和人类文明史册的日子。我国第一艘载人飞船“神舟”五号发射升空。在绕地球环行14周后,16日6时23分,我国自己培养的航天员杨利伟乘返回舱在内蒙古预定地区安全落地,我国首次载人航天飞行取得圆满成功。中国人第一次乘自行研制的宇宙飞船,实现了飞向太空的历史性跨越。这是我国航天事业和国防科技事业发展史上一座新的里程碑,开创了我国科学技术发展的新纪元。辽阔无垠的宇宙令人神往。航天技术的发展极大地扩展了人类活动的新领域,带来了传统技术无法达到的经济和社会效益,同时它的发展也成为体现一个国家综合国力和当代科学发展水平的重要特征。     

能量回收型直线加速器

 能量回收型直线加速器(EnergyRecoveringLinacs,简称ERL),是一种新型的、发展中的加速器,它具有直线加速器的优质束流性能,具有接近环型加速器的高效率。已在自由电子激光等方面投入应用,并具有多方面的发展和应用前景。一、由来和优势我们知道,高频电子直线加速器是用高频电场加速沿直线轨道运动的电子束的装置。通常,电子束只通过直线加速结构一次,在达到要求的能量后,即离开直线加速器,或直接用于科学实验、医学放疗、材料辐照、自由电子激光驱动等;或注入到环型加速器中继续加速和积累,用于同步辐射光源或高能物理实验等。     

晶体微观结构的数值计算

晶体微观结构是晶体材料在特定物理条件下其多个能量极小平衔态在空间形成的某种微尺度的规则分布．几何非线性的连续介质力学理论可以用能量极小化原理来解释晶体微观结构的形成，并用Young测度来刻画平衡态各变体在空间的概率分布．定性的理解与定量地分析和计算晶体材料的微观结构对于发展和改进高级晶体功能材料，如形状记忆合金、铁电体、磁至伸缩材料等，有重要的意义．本文回顾了近年来晶体微观结构数值计算方面的最新进展．介绍了计算晶体微观结构的几种数值方法及有关的数值分析结果。     

太阳中微子失踪案和中微子振荡

 (续前)五、“中微子振荡”是物理学家的法宝按照粒子物理的标准模型,中微子质量为零,它们以光速运动。存在着3种不同类型(即3种“味”)的中微子:电子型中微子(记为νｅ),μ-中微子(记为νμ)和τ-中微子(记为ντ),它们之间彼此不相关,分别只同电子、μ轻子和τ轻子密切相关。不过,早在戴维斯等人公布首批氯探测器的探测结果的1968年,庞托科沃就提出了这3种“味”的中微子很有可能互相来回地转化,称为“中微子振荡”。在太阳内部的热核燃烧过程中产生的中微子都是νｅ。但它们在从太阳到地球的漫长行进过程中,νｅ不断地转化为νμ和ντ。