开展物理学科研究性学习方法浅谈

①什么是研究性学习素质教育重要的着眼点是要改变学生的学习方式．时代的发展已使人们充分感到，必须按照时代特征和变化特点在教学中使用新的学习方法，即创设一种情景，让学生进行主动探索、发现和体验，从中学会对信息的收集、分析和判断，增进应对急剧变化环境的能力和发展其创造力．研究性学习关注的是学习过程而不是结果．     

物理学中的可持续发展教育(续)

3 物理学实施可持续发展教育应注意的问题 3．1 明确物理学的教学目标 可持续发展教育目标中包括知识、技能、态度和价值观．物理学的教育“在课程目标上应注重提高全体学生的科学素养；在课程结构上应重视基础；在课程内容上应体现时代性、基础性、选择性．在课程实施上应注重自主学习，提倡教学方式多样化．在课程评价上应强调更新观念，促进学生发展．”     

美好的成长时光

2006年8月16日是于敏先生八十寿辰，作为他的第一代学生，我们想借祝贺他的寿辰的机会，浮想40年前的往事，追忆我们在于敏先生指导下工作的10年，以表达我们对他的敬意。     

A molecular mechanics approach for analyzing tensile nonlinear deformation behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes

In this paper, by capturing the atomic information and reflecting the behaviour governed by the nonlinear potential function, an analytical molecular mechanics approach is proposed. A constitutive relation for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s) is established to describe the nonlinear stress-strain curve of SWCNT’s and to predict both the elastic properties and breaking strain of SWCNT’s during tensile deformation. An analysis based on the virtual internal bond (VIB) model proposed by P. Zhang et al. is also presented for comparison. The results indicate that the proposed molecular mechanics approach is indeed an acceptable analytical method for analyzing the mechanical behavior of SWCNT’s. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10121202, 90305015 and 10328203), the Key Grant Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (0306) and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (HKU 7195/04E).     

Interplay Between Quark-Antiquark and Diquark Condensates in Vacuum in a Two-Flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model

By means of a relativistic effective potential, we analytically research competition between the quark- antiquark condensates （qq） and the diquark condensates （qq） in vacuum in ground state of a two-flavor Nambu Jona Lasinio （NJL） model and obtain the Gs-Hs phase diagram, where Gs and Hs are the respective four-fermion coupling constants in scalar quark-antiquark channel and scalar color anti-triplet diquark channel. The results show that, in the chiral limit, there is only the pure （qq） phase when Gs/Hs 〉 2/3, and as Gs/Hs decreases to 2/3 〉 Gs/Hs ≥ 0 one will first have a coexistence phase of the condensates （qq） and （qq） and then a pure （qq） phase. In non-zero bare quark mass case, the critical value of Gs/Hs at which the pure （qq） phase will transfer to the coexistence phase of the condensates （qq） and （qq） will be less than 2/3. Our theoretical results, combined with present phenomenological fact that there is no diquark condensates in the vacuum of QCD, will also impose a real restriction to any given two-flavor NJL model which is intended to simulate QCD, i.e. in such model the resulting sma/lest ratio Gs/Hs after the Fierz transformations in the Hartree approximation must be larger than 2/3. A few phenomenological QCD-like NJL models are checked and analyzed.     

Positions and Widths of Anticrossings for Potassium Rydberg Stark States

The B-spline expansion technique is applied to study the anticrossings for potassium Rydberg states in a static electric field. The results of our calculation indicate that the antierossings are caused mainly by the core interaction or by the fine structure interaction. Our results for the positions and the widths of the anticrossings are in good agreement with experimental data.     

斯特林公式与吉布斯佯谬

借助斯特林近似公式,证明了在经典统计理论中引入吉布斯校正因子并不能圆满解决吉布斯佯谬这一命题。