声波导中的局部正交变换

In this paper, a local orthogonal transformation is created to transform the Helmholtz waveguide with curved interface to the one with a flat interface within the two-layer medium, and the Helmholtz equation uxx uzz k^2(x,z)u=0 is transformed to Vxx αVzz βVz γV=0. Numerical results demonstrate that the transformation is more feasible. This transformation is particularly useful for the research on wave propagation in acoustic waveguide.     

Audio watermarking based on psychoacoustic model and critical band wavelet transform

Watermark embedding algorithm based on critical band wavelet transform of digital audio signal is proposed in this paper. The masking threshold for each audio signal segment was calculated on the basic of psychoacoustic model. According to the similarity between critical band of human auditory system and critical band wavelet transform, a watermark was embedded into the low-band and mid-band coefficients of digital wavelet. The embedding strength was adaptively controlled by the masking threshold. The experiment results show that the embedded watermark signal is inaudible, and the watermarked audio signal has good robustness against many attacks such as compression, noise, re-sampling, low-pass filtering.     

Spatial symmetry of head-related transfer function

Methods for analyzing the spatial symmetry of head-related transfer function (HRTF) are proposed. The influences of anatomical structures on the symmetry of HRTF are investigated using HRTFs measured on KEMAR mannequin and human subjects. Results show that for KEMAR mannequin, pinnae destroy the front-back symmetry of HRTF above 5 to 6 kHz, while for human subjects the frequency reduces to 2.5 kHz because of the locations of ears. Furthermore, at low and median frequencies, HRTF is approximately left-right symmetrical. While as frequencies increase, the asymmetry caused by the fine anatomical leftright differences appears. The starting frequency and the extent of the left-right asymmetry in HRTF depend on individuals. The analyses demonstrate the spatial symmetrical characteristics of HRTF and the frequency ranges in which the current binaural models are valid.     

自然循环过冷沸腾流动不稳定性的实验研究

本文以氟里昂作工质，对自然循环过冷沸腾流动不稳定性进行了实验研究．实验过程中发现自然循环系统内可能发生高频脉动和低频脉动二种类型的过冷沸腾流动不稳定性．通过实验研究揭示了这二种类型流动不稳定性的发生机理，证实高频脉动属于声波型脉动，低频脉动属于密度波型脉动．通过实验得出了判断系统稳定性的界限，并使用积分方程无因次分析方法得出了预测密度波型流动不稳定性的经验公式．     

微机在有源消声中的应用

本文讨论将微机技术引入单源有源消声器。微机控制其可变参数,使消声系统能对噪声源进行自动跟踪。其参数在一定范围内随着消声情况的变化而变化,始终保持最佳的消声效果。对线状谱噪声可将其剩余噪声控制在本底噪声或比本底噪声稍高一点的范围内(～3dB)。跟踪速度较快,最佳消声状态的稳定性也较好。     

气相色谱-表面声波快速分析仪性能评价

本文评价了自行研制的气相色谱-表面声波(GC-SAW)联用快速分析仪的性能。实验结果表明:在6 s以内,GC-SAW快速分析仪能分离五种苯系物和C6~C14九种正构烷烃。该仪器对甲苯测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%(n=6);最小检出浓度为2.05μg.L-3;线性范围为2.05~205μg.L-3;对标准样品连续6次分析,经双边t检验,分析结果均值与标样标准值无显著差异。     

一端部分封闭管内声波的谐振频率

实验发现声波谐振管封闭端微小的缝隙会导致谐振频率发生相当大的移动。本文从理论和实验两个方面对这个现象进行了探讨。理论上，我们将缝隙简化为一段细管，在一维波近似下得到确定谐振频率的特征方程，结果可以定性上解释实验现象。实验上，我们在封闭端开孔，通过改变孔的面积使得边界条件从闭管连续过渡到开管情况。测量结果表明，谐振频率的移动主要取决于开孔面积，与孔的形状与位置关系不大。随着孔的面积增大，频率向上移动，而且呈现显著的先快后慢规律。     

五象限法声源自动跟踪器

介绍由两同心圆组成的等投影面积五象限声－电测量装置的工作原理。当声波与声－电转换器的主要测象限垂直时，其声波在主要测象限内产生的声－电电压最强。根据声－电电压的变化大小来确定声源的方向，实现自动跟踪。     

对声波和弹性波传播模拟的Hamilton系统方法

建立了离散化网格上的准粒子体系，引入此体系的Hamilton系统描述，用来模拟声波和弹性波的传播.介绍了准粒子间相互作用的九点模型并给出互作用系数.证明了Hamilton系统方法 和声波、弹性波方程的关系，并给出两个方法中所使用物理量的关系.使用辛算法对给定的 介质模型进行数值模拟. 关键词： Hamilton系统方法 九点互作用模型 声波方程 弹性波方程 辛算法