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941.
碱土金属掺杂纳米TiO2催化剂的制备与光催化活性的评价 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The nanometer TiO2 were prepared by the hydrolyze-gel method and fellowed by doping alkaline-earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). XRD, SEM, diffuse reflection spectra were used to investigate their characteristices. The result indicates that the average particles size of the TiO2 is about 80 nm and keep uniformity in distributing. The product was mainly anatase in 300~400 ℃ calcinations, the einstein shift of absorption spectrum was observed after doping the alkaline-earth metals. The best mole percentages of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba are 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 1.5% respectively. Under the same reaction conditions, it is more effective to the UV-catalyed degradation reaction that the catalysts containing Mg and Ca were calcined at 300 ℃ for 1h or containing Sr and Ba were calcined at 400 ℃ for 1 h. The photocatalystic activity is considerably depondent on pH and the concentration of the oxidant. Using the sunlight to do the degradation experimental, the result also show that the doping catalysts has higher degradation efficiency than that of pure TiO2. 相似文献
942.
纳米碳管电极上氧的电催化还原 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以聚四氟乙烯为粘结剂制成了多壁纳米碳管(MWNT)电极.采用恒电位阶跃法和循环伏安法研究了MWNT电极在碱性溶液中的电化学行为,并对碱性溶液中溶解氧在该电极上的电化学还原行为进行了研究.实验结果表明: MWNT电极具有比石墨电极更高的孔隙率和电化学表面积;MWNT电极上O2还原成的反应为准可逆过程;在5~50 mV•s-1的扫描速率范围内,阴极峰电流与扫描速度成线性关系,表明MWNT电极上O2还原成的反应受吸附控制;对碱性溶液中的氧还原反应, MWNT比石墨具有更高的催化活性. 相似文献
943.
林乃煊 《广东微量元素科学》1995,2(10):60-63
通过对人体五行微量元素与食物吸收微量元素影响因素分析,采用“健脾开胃”均衡食疗配方,对百草元营养包的研制作了全面的介绍和论述。经临床患者食疗结果表明:总有效率为98%.该产品达到了预期设计目标与均衡食疗要求. 相似文献
944.
945.
With the rapid development of human society, clean energy forms are imperative to sustain the normal operations of various mechanical and electrical facilities under a cozy environment. Hydrogen is considered among the most promising clean energy sources for the future. Recently, electrochemical water splitting has been considered as one of the most efficient approaches to harvest hydrogen energy, which generates only non-pollutant water on combustion. However, the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction significantly restricts the efficiency of water splitting and requires a relatively high cell voltage to drive the electrolysis. Therefore, seeking a thermodynamically favorable anodic reaction to replace the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction by utilizing highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for the anodic reaction and hydrogen evolution are crucial for achieving energy-efficient hydrogen production for industrial applications. Nevertheless, it is known that the oxygen evolution reaction can be replaced with other useful and thermodynamically favorable reactions to reduce the electrolysis voltage for realizing energy-efficient hydrogen production. Therefore, in this study, we present a bifunctional nickel nanoparticle-embedded carbon (Ni@C) prism-like microrod electrocatalyst synthesized via a two-step method involving the synthesis of a precursor metal-organic framework-74 and subsequent carbonization treatment for methanol oxidation and hydrogen evolution. The interfacial structure consisting of a nickel and carbon skeleton was realized via in situ carbonization. However, the dispersed nickel nanoparticles do not easily aggregate owing to the partition by the surrounding carbon as it would sufficiently expose the active Ni sites to the electrolytes, ensuring fast charge transfer between the catalyst and electrolytes by accelerating the electrochemical kinetics. In the anodic methanol oxidation, the products were detected as carbon dioxide and formate with faradaic efficiencies of 36.2% and 62.5%, respectively, at an applied potential of 1.55 V. Meanwhile, the Ni@C microrod catalyst demonstrated high activity and durability (2.7% current decay after 12 h of continuous operation) toward methanol oxidation, which demonstrates that methanol oxidation precedes oxidation under voltage forces. Notably, the bifunctional catalyst not only exhibits excellent performance toward methanol oxidation but also yields a low overpotential of 155 mV to drive 10 mA∙cm−2 toward hydrogen evolution in 1.0 mol∙L−1 KOH aqueous solution with 0.5 mol∙L−1 methanol at room temperature, which guarantees the hydrogen production efficiency. More importantly, the constructed two-electrode electrolyzer produced a current density of 10 mA∙cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.6 V, which decreased by 240 mV after replacing the oxygen evolution reaction with methanol oxidation. 相似文献
946.
947.
Characterization of Nested Hollow Inorganic Fullerene-like Tungsten Disulfide Nanoparticles Prepared by Solid-Gas Reaction 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Non-carbon inorganic fullerene-like(IF) nanoscale materials have recently attracted intense interest due to their nested hollow and nanotube structures,In this letter,IF-WS2 nanoparticles prepared by solid-gas reaction were characterized by X-ray diffraction,Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that the IF-WS2 nanoparticles have a nested hollow closed spherical structure with diameter of 100-150mm. 相似文献
948.
B3LYP/6-31G* density functional theory calculations have been carried out on the structure and stability of ten B20N20 clusters. It was found that two new proposed isomers with two octagons, twelve hexagons, eight squares in Cab and C2 symmetry were more stable than the isomer with sixteen hexagons and six squares in C2 symmetry which was previously deemed to the most stable by 79.5 and 13.8 kJ/mol respectively. The isomer with two decagons in S10 symmetry is much higher in energy than the most stable structure in C4h symmetry by 637.2 kJ/mol. 相似文献
949.
950.
Ya Wen TANG Shuang CAO Ling Ling ZHANG Jian Chun BAO Ping ZHOU Tian Hong LU 《中国化学快报》2006,17(12):1623-1626
The performance of the direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) is considerably higher than the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) because of some characteristics of formic acid1. For example, formic acid is non-toxic. Formic acid has two orders of magnitude smaller crossover flux through a Nafion membrane than methanol2. In DFAFC, the concentration of formic acid can be as high as 20 mol/L, while the best concentration of methanol in DMFC is only about 2 mol/L3. Thus, the power density of … 相似文献