人力资本培训投资的博弈分析

针对人力资本组合投资模式仅定性分析职员和企业对人力资本投资行为的特点,应用博弈论进行了相应的定量分析,将贝克尔投资模式与组合投资模式相结合,建立了确定企业投资比率的计算公式,为企业进行人力资本培训投资提供了定量的决策依据。     

THEORETICAL RELATIONS OF BOUNDARY DISPLACEMENT DERIVATIVES AND TRACTIONS AT SINGULAR BOUNDARY POINT FOR 2D ISOTROPIC ELASTIC PROBLEMS

Although boundary displacement and traction are independent field variables in boundary conditions of an elasticity problem at a non-singular boundary point, there exist definite relations of singularity intensities between boundary displacement derivatives and tractions at a singular boundary point. The analytical forms of the relations at a singular smooth point for 2D isotropic elastic problems have been established in this work. By using the relations, positions of the singular boundary points and the corresponding singularity intensities of the unknown boundary field variables can be determined a priori. Therefore, more appropriate shape functions of the unknown boundary field variables in singular elements can be constructed. A numerical example shows that the accuracy of the BEM analysis using the developed theory is greatly increased.     

光谱对小球藻和等鞭金藻生长的影响

采用单色LED光源和荧光灯从效率和速率两个角度研究了光源光谱对海生小球藻和等鞭金藻8701生长的影响,结果表明,连续光谱能够促进较高的最大生长率,蓝光促进生长的效率较高,两者组合能够较好地兼顾效率和速率。为了定量描述光照中的光谱参量,引入光谱吸收系数,根据光源发射光谱和藻体吸收谱计算海藻对光源光谱的量子吸收效率,该系数与实验结果中相应的生长效率成正相关,能够初步以量化形式反映光谱与其生长效率的关系。     

球等鞭金藻细胞生长抑制物的分离纯化

以球等鞭金藻老化培养液的无细胞上清处理液为研究对象,对存在于球等鞭金藻老化培养液中的抑制细胞生长的活性物质进行了分离纯化与抑制活性研究。运用乙酸乙酯萃取,紫外光谱分析,SephadexG-15凝胶过滤,制备薄层层析和C₁₈反相高效液相等光谱分析与纯化方法对其进行活性追踪的分离与纯化。结果表明,采用乙酸乙酯萃取球等鞭金藻老化培养液的无细胞上清处理液可以获得具有明显细胞抑制活性的细胞生长抑制物的粗提物,经200～400 nm的紫外光谱扫描,确定了细胞生长抑制物的特征吸收波长为235 nm。将粗提物用0.2 mol·L-1 NaOH溶解,经蒸馏水适当稀释后,以5%床体积的量加载于SephadexG-15凝胶层析柱并用蒸馏水进行洗脱。在紫外235 nm下,粗提物经SephadexG-15凝胶过滤,获得3个具有细胞抑制活性的组分。用1 mol·L-1 HCl将具有细胞抑制活性的组分pH调至2～3之间,用乙酸乙酯提取。于40 ℃下减压浓缩,将样品点在硅胶G板上,以氯仿为展开剂,进行薄层层析分离与制备,获得4个组分。经检测,仅R_f值为0.63的组分具有明显的细胞抑制活性。此活性组分采用硅烷化键合相C₁₈反相色谱柱,乙腈-水(体积比为63∶37)流动相,0.3 mL·min-1恒流洗脱,检测波长UV-235 nm,获得较好的分离效果。     

增材制造八角桁架点阵结构材料的力学行为

基于激光选区熔化增材制造技术(SLM), 以GP1不锈钢为母材, 制备4种相对密度的八角桁架点阵结构试样, 开展了准静态单轴压缩和直接撞击式霍普金森压杆实验, 并结合显式有限元计算模拟, 研究了相对密度和加载速率对八角桁架点阵结构试样在力学响应、变形模式和吸能特性的影响. 结果显示: (1)相对密度是影响八角桁架点阵结构材料力学响应的关键参数, 屈服载荷随着相对密度基本呈线性增长, 并且表现出明显的应变率强化效应; (2)在准静态压缩下, 随着相对密度增大, 八角桁架点阵结构的变形模式由弯扭屈曲模式逐渐向稳定屈服模式转变; 而在冲击压缩下, 八角桁架点阵结构的变形模式随着冲击速度由对称稳定变形模式向非对称逐渐压垮模式转变; (3)八角桁架点阵结构总吸能随着相对密度线性增大, 而比吸能随着相对密度呈现双线性变化, 在相对密度30%处出现拐折, 当相对密度高于30%后, 比吸能增大缓慢; (4)与准静态加载相比, 冲击加载下八角桁架点阵结构的总吸能和比吸能都显著提升.     

非等电子Sb替换Cu和Te后黄铜矿结构半导体Cu_3Ga_5Te_9的热电性能

热电材料是一类能够实现热与电相互转换的功能材料,在制冷和发电领域极具应用潜力.本文采用金属Sb元素非等电子替换Cu3Ga5Te9化学式中的Cu和Te,观察到材料Seebeck系数和电导率提升的现象.这些电学性能的改善与载流子浓度和有效质量的增大及迁移率基本维持不变有关.载流子浓度的提高是由于Sb原子占位在Te晶格位置后费米能级进入到价带所产生的空穴掺杂效应所致,同时也与Cu含量减少后铜空位(V-1Cu)浓度增大相关联.另外,非等电子替换后,阴离子(Te2-)移位导致了晶格结构缺陷参数u和η的改变,其改变量fiu和fiη与材料晶格热导率(κL)的变化密切相关.在766 K时,适量的Sb替换量使材料的最大热电优值(ZT)达到0.6,比Cu3Ga5Te9提高了近25%.因此,通过选择替换元素、被替换元素及替换量有效地调控了材料的电学及热学性能,在黄铜矿结构半导体中实现了非等电子元素替换改善热电性能的思想.     

纳腔等离激元对分子上和分子旁边的隧穿电子诱导发光的作用研究

本文使用含时量子主方程,从理论上计算了当分子或者等离激元分别被激发的情形下等离激元-分子耦合体系发光特性的时间和光谱演化,并在此基础上讨论了纳腔等离激元在扫描隧道显微镜（STM）诱导发光中发挥的不同作用.当STM针尖在分子上方,隧穿电子可以直接激发分子时,纳腔等离激元的主要作用是通过提高分子的辐射速率来增强其发光,此时耦合体系表现出具有分子特征的尖锐发光峰.另一方面,当STM针尖非常靠近分子边缘但没有载流子注入直接激发分子时,等离激元-分子之间的相干耦合会在这两个量子客体之间产生相消干涉,导致在分子激子能量附近出现法诺共振,使我们观察到具有法诺凹谷特征的等离激元发光光谱.     

Spiking patterns of a hippocampus model in electric fields

We develop a model of CA3 neurons embedded in a resistive array to mimic the effects of electric fields from a new perspective. Effects of DC and sinusoidal electric fields on firing patterns in CA3 neurons are investigated in this study. The firing patterns can be switched from no firing pattern to burst or from burst to fast periodic firing pattern with the increase of DC electric field intensity. It is also found that the firing activities are sensitive to the frequency and amplitude of the sinusoidal electric field. Different phase-locking states and chaotic firing regions are observed in the parameter space of frequency and amplitude. These findings are qualitatively in accordance with the results of relevant experimental and numerical studies. It is implied that the external or endogenous electric field can modulate the neural code in the brain. Furthermore, it is helpful to develop control strategies based on electric fields to control neural diseases such as epilepsy.     

Coupling Distant Spins of Surface-State Electrons by Manipulating Their Collective Vibrations

The system of electrons on liquid helium is an interesting candidate to implement quantum computation, due to the long coherence times of the qubits encoded by the electronic spins. In order to implement the quantum logic operations between the spins, we propose here a configuration, similarly to the cooled ions in a trap, to couple the distant electrons via manipulating their center of mass （CM） vibrations. First, we show that the electrons could be confined in a common harmonic oscillator potential by using an electrostatic field. Then, with a single current pulse （applied on the micro-electrode below the liquid helium） the distant electronic spins can be coupled simultaneously to the CM mode. Finally, by adiabatically eliminating the CM mode, effective interaction between the distant spins is induced for implementing the desired quantum computing.     

多失效模式光电系统可靠性建模分析方法北大核心CSCD

系统可靠性建模分析是开展可靠性分配、预计、故障树分析及可靠性优化设计的基础。介绍了一种光电系统可靠性建模分析方法,针对光电系统中部分分系统具有多种失效模式且各失效模式均服从指数分布的特点,依据齐次马尔科夫理论,采用马尔科夫状态转移图方法建立了产品的可靠性模型,并给出解析表达式、数值计算方法和Monte Carlo仿真方法。最后,将其应用于某机载光电系统供电回路的实例分析中。采用两种计算方法及Monte Carlo仿真方法分别进行计算,并将结果进行对比分析,证明了该方法的正确性及可行性。