Effect of Disclination Lines on Free Energy of Nematic Liquid Crystals

In the light of φ-mapping method-and topological current theory, the effect of disclination lines on the free energy density of nematic liquid crystals is studied. It is pointed out that the total Frank free energy density can be divided into two parts. One is the distorted energy density of director field around the disclination lines. The other is the saddle-splay energy density, which is shown to be centralized at the disclination lines and to he topologically quantized in the unit of kπ/2 when the Jacobian determinant of the director field does not vanish at the singularities of the director field. The topological quantum numbers are determined by the Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees of the director field at the disclination lines, i.e., the disclination strengthes. When the Jacobian determinant vanishes, the generation, annihilation, intersection, splitting and merging processes of the saddle-splay energy density are detailed in the neighborhoods of the limit points and bifurcation points, respectively. It is shown that the disclination line with high topological quantum number is unstable and will evolve to the low topological quantum number states through the splitting process.     

氢原子谱线与高质量金刚石薄膜

采用蒙特卡罗方法,对以CH₄/H₂混合气体为源气体的电子助进热丝化学气相沉积(EACVD)中的氢原子发射过程进行了模拟。在模拟中考虑了电子与H₂的弹性碰撞及振动激发、分解、电子激发(包括H_α, H_β, H_γ谱线的激发)、电离及分解电离等非弹性碰撞过程;与CH₄的碰撞考虑了弹性动量传输及振动激发、分解、电子激发、分解激发(包括H_α, H_β, H_γ谱线的激发)、电离及分解电离等非弹性碰撞过程。研究了不同实验条件下产生的H, CH₃的数目与氢原子谱线相对强度的关系,给出了一种利用氢原子谱线来获得最佳成膜实验条件的方法。对于有效控制工艺条件,生长出高质量的金刚石薄膜具有重要意义。     

茂金属催化线性低密度聚乙烯的光氧化稳定性

茂金属催化线性低密度聚乙烯的光氧化稳定性;茂金属线性低密度聚乙烯;Ziegler-Natta线性低密度聚乙烯; 光氧化降解     

基于均值漂移实现非发射线天体光谱的谱线自动提取

非发射线天体的光谱是天体光谱谱线提取中最难处理的一种。针对非发射线天体,给出了一种基于均值漂移的谱线自动提取方法。首先,利用均值漂移总是指向局部密度最大点也即密度的模式点这一性质,提取出较为满意的伪连续谱;其次,均值漂移滤波同时工作在空间域和幅度域上,是一种非线性的边缘保持滤波方法,在去除噪声的同时,能够较好地保持特征谱线的信息,文章在连续谱归一化后,采用均值漂移去噪得到谱线光谱;最后,对谱线光谱设置局部阈值提取出特征谱线。通过对恒星、正常星系等的实验表明：该方法是有效的, 这将对后续的参数测量和基于谱线的光谱分类非常有利。     

激光等离子体光谱测量影响因素分析

建立了一套激光等离子体光谱测量实验装置,以Nd:YAG调Q固体激光器(单脉冲平均能量38 mJ)为激发光源,铜合金为样品,得到了Cu原子辐射谱线随时间的变化情况,分析了系统中软、硬件因素对测量的谱线影响。实验证明激光器输出能量波动、每个数据点的平均次数、靶面相对于透镜焦点的位置、接受辐射的光纤束相对靶面法线的位置以及接受光纤束的有效通光口径都影响测量谱线的强度和重复精度。     

Contribution of Disclination Lines to Free Energy of Liquid Crystals in Single-Elastic Constant Approximation

In the light of C-mapping method and topological current theory, the contribution of disclination lines to free energy density of liquid crystals is studied in the single-elastic constant approximation. It is pointed out that the total free energy density can be divided into two parts. One is the usual distorted energy density of director field around the disclination lines. The other is the free energy density of disclination lines themselves, which is shown to be centralized at the disclination lines and to be topologically quantized in the unit of kn/2. The topological quantum numbers are determined by the Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees of the director l~eld at the disclination lines, i.e. the disclination strengths. From the Lagrange‘s method of multipliers, the equilibrium equation and the molecular field ofliquid crystals are also obtained. The physical meaning of the Lagrangian multiplier is just the distorted energy density.     

A hierarchy of lattice soliton equations and its Darboux transformation

A new discrete spectral problem is introduced and the corresponding hierarchy of the lattice soliton equations are derived by means of the trace identity. We find a new Darboux transformation of the lattice soliton equation, through which the explicit solutions are shown.     

第九届亚洲流体力学会议简介

亚洲流体力学大会是一个系列会议,每三年召开一次,这次第九届大会,于2002年5月27N31日在伊朗的伊斯法罕（Isfahan）召开.会议组织委员会的主席是伊斯法罕技术大学的希拉尼（E.Shirani）教授.     

Weak Finite—Size Dependence of Velocity and Strong Phase Dependence of Central Charge

We study the finite-size scaling behavior of velocity and central charge for different coupling constants and different phases in (1 1)-dimensional lattice model in very short chains.Using XXZ spin 1/2 chains with 15 or fewer sites,we demonstrate the weak finite-size dependence of spinon velocity for any magnitude of coupling strength Jz and the strong phase dependence of central charge.This behavior of velocity and central charge in different coupling constants and different phases gives a method to determine phase transitions of (1 1)-dimensional models.This method is simple and efficient by utilizing only the ground state energy of very short finite-size chains.It is also general and powerfur for various one-dimensional lattice models and it uncovers eventhe weakest berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transitions.     

Controlling Strong Chaos by an Aperiodic Perturbation in Area Preserving Maps

We demonstrate a method for controlling strong chaos by an aperiodic perturbation in two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems.The method has the advantages that the controlled system remains conservative property and the selection of the perturbation has a considerable diversity.We illustrate this method with two area preserving maps:the non-monotonic twist map which is a mixed system and the perturbed cat map which exhibits hard chaos.Numerical results show that the strong chaos can be effectively controlled into regular motions,and the final states are always quasiperiodic ones.The method is robust against the presence of weak external noise.