纳米TiO_2用于甲基橙溶液的光催化氧化研究

本实验采用纳米级的二氧化钛,对甲基橙溶液进行了紫外光催化氧化处理,探讨了pH的影响和添加Fe3+的效果及反应动力学方程,结果表明,采用UV/O3/TiO2工艺对其进行处理,pH4-5时,10W紫外灯光照60min,CODcr去除率达84%,脱色率达96%以上。添加Fe3+,对溶液的催化降解速度提高不明显。动力学研究表明,CODcr降解速度对CODcr的浓度为一级反应。     

纳米颗粒团聚物流化特性的数值研究

基于气固两相流体动力学理论,建立气体纳米颗粒团聚物两相流动双流体模型.模型中采用了Jung ＆ Gidaspow (2002)测量的固相应力模量和王垚等(2001)提出的聚团曳力系数计算模型.对纳米颗粒团聚物的流化过程进行了数值模拟,得到纳米颗粒团聚物的流化特性.模拟得出的床层膨胀比与文献中实验的结果较为接近.     

台湾网柱细胞粘菌生物多样性之研究

台湾地处亚热带,具备特殊地形地质,气候变化复杂,森林植被丰富,蕴育各种真菌资源.细胞粘菌广泛分布于自然界中,尤以森林土壤出现之种类最多.有关网柱细胞粘菌(dictyostelid cellular slime molds)生物多样性的调查,自1980年即陆续展开.目前自台湾平地至高山各地区之森林土壤样品中,所分离的网柱细胞粘菌物种多样性共已鉴定出1科3属18种,分别为细长纤管细胞粘菌(Acytostelium leptosomum)、巨大头网柱细胞粘菌(Dictyostelium macrocephalum)、布列菲氏网柱细胞粘菌(D.brefeldianum)、巨网柱细胞粘菌(D.giganteum)、金黄柄网柱细胞粘菌(D.aureo-stipes var.aureo-stipes)、浅紫网柱细胞粘菌(D.lavandulum)、单叉网柱细胞粘菌(D.monochasioides)、多头网柱细胞粘菌(D.polycephalum)、紫色网柱细胞粘菌(D.purpureum)、根足网柱细胞粘菌(D.rhizopodium)、纤细网柱细胞粘菌(D.delicatum)、淡紫柄网柱细胞粘菌(D.coeruleo-stipes)、细小网柱细胞粘菌(D.minutum)、棍棒头网柱细胞粘菌(D.clavatum)、微小型网柱细胞粘菌(D.exiguum)、透明轮生细胞粘菌(Polysphondylium pallidum)、伪纯白轮生细胞粘菌(P.pseudo-candidum)和紫色轮生细胞粘菌(P.violaceum).网柱细胞粘菌生态多样性的探讨,则于2000年10月至2001年8月,在台北阳明山地区鹿角坑生态保护区、小油坑芒草植被、及包箨箭竹林植被设立30个样区,每2个月采集土壤样品一次,结果鹿角坑生态保护区出现6个菌种,在3种植被样区中占最多数,且以8月份各菌种之出现频率最高.网柱细胞粘菌在阳明山出现频率以夏季出现频率较高,冬季出现频率较低.土壤样品之pH值亦影响网柱细胞粘菌在该地区之分布,包箨箭竹植被之土壤样品pH值最低为3.8,该植被区之菌种出现频率最低.透明轮生细胞粘菌(P.pallidum)普遍存在于3种植被样区中,出现频率随季节之变化小,为该地区最广泛分布之种类.此外,将台湾所分离而得的网柱细胞粘菌种类(纯培养菌株),抽取基因体DNA(genomicDNA),以二对引子(primer)从事核醣体DNA(rDNA)片段ITS1-5.8S-ITS2区域增幅作用,经DNA序列定序后,分析探讨台湾网柱细胞粘菌种类之遗传多样性和亲缘关系.     

Fabrication of Dendrimer－like PAMAM Based on Silica Nanoparticles

A G 4.0 dendrimer-like poly (amido amine) (PAMAM) based on silica nanoparticles was fabricated via a divergent approach.It was built from γ-aminopropyi silica nanoparfides (APSN) core via repetitive addition of acrylate (MA) and hexylenediamine (HDA). FT-IR and EA were used to monitor the progress of dendrimer during each step. The amino group content of the resulting product increased from 0.49 to 3.72 mmol/g after the 4th generation. In addition, the percentage of grafting increased with increasing generation and reached to 65.9% after 4th generation. It was found that the resulting silica nanoparticles could be dispersed in methanol with a mean hydrodynamic particle diameter of 152.7 nm although the silica nanoparticles had agglomerated during the storage period.     

奇异摄动罗宾问题在Bakhvalov-Shishkin网格上的一致收敛有限差分法

考虑一个奇异摄动罗宾问题在Bakhvalov-Shishkin网格上的迎风差分策略,得到在改进的Shishkin网格上迎风策略是关于ε一致的一阶L∞模收敛的.数值实验证实了此理论结果,显示估计是稳健的.     

纳米氧化钛-乙二醇溶胶溶液的研究

选用了钛酸丁酯、硬脂酸和乙二醇作为表面活性剂，采用表面化学修饰和表面物理修饰2种方法修饰纳米氧化钛，然后分散在乙二醇溶剂中形成溶胶溶液．并通过红外光谱仪、紫外分光计、原子力显微镜，分析了表面化学修饰后的纳米氧化钛表面化学结构的变化，观测了纳米氧化钛溶胶在乙二醇溶剂中稳定性．试验结果表明表面活性剂与纳米氧化钛的表面的不饱和键之间形成了新的化学结构，粒子表面可能接枝上有机长链，提高了纳米粒子在溶剂中的相容性．表面化学修饰后的纳米氧化钛与乙二醇溶剂形成了较稳定的溶胶体系，而且纳米溶胶粒径较小．表面活性剂添加量与纳米粒子添加量控制在(1～1．2)：1时，可以获得纳米溶胶粒径较小，同时溶胶稳定性较好的纳米氧化钛-乙二醇溶胶体系．     

Atomic-scale simulation of nano-grains:structure and diffusion properties

Nanograins are characterized by a typical grain size from lto 100 nm.Mclecular dynamics aimubations have been carried out for the nanograin sphere with the diameters from 1.45 to 10.12 nm.We study the influence of grain size on structure and diffusion properties of the nanograins.The results reveal that as the grain size is reduced,the fraction of grain surface increases significantly,and the surface width is approximately constant；the diffusicn coefficlent is increased sharply,and the relation of the diffusion coefficient and the grain size is close to exponential relation below 10nm.     

纳米Zr-V-O粉末的XRD及TG-DSC研究

利用机械合金化制备纳米Zr-V粉末，对制备过程的材料进行物相分析和热分析试验。初始粉末Zr（150μm）和V（150μm）元素粉末（纯度99．15％）按原子比1：2或1：1进行混合后在氩气气氛中放入SimoloyerCMol—2球磨仓中，按几种不同的试验条件进行球磨。同时在997K和1047K下热处理40min和1h，并对热处理前后的粉末进行了物相和TG-DSC实验分析。     

Raman properties embeddedof GaSb nanoparticlesin SiO2 films

The Raman shifts of nanocrystalline GaSb excited by an Ar^ ion laser at wavelengths 514.5, 496.5, 488.0, 476.5,and 457.9nm are studied by an SPEX-1403 laser Raman spectrometer respectively, and they are explained by phonon confinement, tensile stress, resonant Raman scattering and quantum size effects. The Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectra of GaSb nanocrystals strongly support the Raman feature of GaSb nanocrystals. The calculated optical spectra compare well with experimental data on Raman scattering GaSb nanocrystals.     

Nano-tribological study on a super-hydrophobic film formed on rough aluminium substrates

A novel super-hydrophobic stearic acid (STA) film with a water contact angle of 166^o was prepared by chemical adsorption on aluminum wafer coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI) film. The micro-tribological behavior of the super-hydrophobic STA monolayer was compared with that of the polished and PEI-coated Al surfaces. The effect of relative humidity on the adhesion and friction was investigated as well. It was found that the STA monolayer showed decreased friction, while the adhesive force was greatly decreased by increasing the surface roughness of the Al wafer to reduce the contact area between the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and the sample surface to be tested. Thus the friction and adhesion of the Al wafer was effectively decreased by generating the STA monolayer, which indicated that it could be feasible and rational to prepare a surface with good adhesion resistance and lubricity by properly controlling the surface morphology and the chemical composition. Both the adhesion and friction decreased as the relative humidity was lowered from 65% to 10%, though the decrease extent became insignificant for the STA monolayer. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50375151, 50323007, 10225209) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX-SW-L2)