BEPCⅡ直线加速器重大改造和束流调试进展

BEPCⅡ直线加速器的重大改造旨在获得高流强、小发射度和小能散的正负电子束, 以满足对撞机亮度提高两个两级的要求. 这对直线加速器各系统和束流物理是一个挑战. 文章介绍了直接决定束流性能的新电子源、新正电子源、新微波功率源、相位控制系统和束流测量系统等的改造情况; 叙述了束流物理研究; 介绍了束流调试进展情况和进一步改进计划.     

沿直线的垂直方向匀速直线运动的带电直线的电场

本文利用相对论变换关系计算了沿直线的垂直方向匀速运动的带电直线的电场.     

光束偏转法自动测试激光等离子体冲击波系统的研制

根据光束偏转原理，研制了激光等离子体冲击波自动测试系统的硬件和软件。该系统使用计算机与可编程序控制器作为上下位机，采取上下位机通讯的方式控制步进电机及二维移动架的移动，以改变探测光的相对位置，并利用单模光纤和光电倍增管将探测到的光偏转信号传入数字示波器进行存储，最后计算机将示波器中采集到的光偏转信号进行分析处理。使用该系统对激光等离子冲击波的衰减过程进行了实际测试，得到了较为理想的实验结果。     

理想气体吸热和放热的讨论

根据热力学第一定律和理想气体状态方程推导了理想气体的热容量公式,并对理想气体在p-V图上的直线过程和循环过程的温度变化及吸热和放热进行了讨论.     

A Novel Contactless Method for Characterization of Semiconductors：Surface Electron Bean Induced Voltage in Scanning Electron Microscopy

We present a novel contactless and nondestructive method called the surface electron beam induced voltage (SEBIV) method for characterizing semiconductor materials and devices.The SEBIV method is based on the detection of the surface potential induced by electron beams of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The core part of the SEBIV detection set-up is a circular metal detector placed above the sample surface.The capacitance between the circular detector and whole surface of the sample is estimated to be about 0.64pf.It is large enough for the detection of the induced surface potential.The irradiation mode of electron beam (e-beam) influences the signal generation When the e-beam irradiates on the surface of semiconductors continuously,a differential signal is obtained.The real distribution of surface potentials can be obtained when a pulsed e-beam with a fixed frequency is used for irradiation and a lock-in amplifier is employed for detection.The polarity of induced potential depends on the structure of potential barriers and surface states of samples.The contrast of SEBIV images in SEM changes with irradiation time and e-beam intensity.     

圆锥曲线上两点关于直线对称问题巧解

在平面解析几何中,直线与圆锥曲线相交弦的中点问题是平面解析几何中的重点问题、综合性问题,有一定的难度.尤其是圆锥曲线上两点关于某直线对称问题,在求某一变数的取值范围时,常见解法多数繁杂,解题过程冗长.本文给出下面四个定理,挖掘出了弦的中点的有关规律性问题.运用这四     

美国的超导超级对撞机

 1989年9月7日上午,美国参、众两院举行会议,表决通过了建造美国历史上最大的加速器--超导超级对撞机（Superconducting Super Collider,即SSC）的决定.这台加速器,是周长87公里的质子-质子对撞机,质心系能量40TeV(1TeV=10¹²电子伏),建造在德克萨斯州达拉斯市南郊农场地下50米左右,耗资60亿美元,由美国能源部领导,SSC实验室（命名为罗纳德·里根高能物理实验室,实验室主任为R·Schwitters）负责,在1998年建成.     

Low-threshold, high-efficiency, high-repetition-rate optical parametric generator based on periodically poled LiNbO3

We report a high-repetition-rate optical parametric generator (OPG) with a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal pumped by an acousto-optically Q-switched CW-diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO_4 laser. For the maximum 1064nm pump power of 970mW, the maximum conversion efficiency is 32.9% under the conditions of 250℃, 1064nm pulse repetition rate of 22.6kHz and pulse width of 12ns, and the PPLN OPG threshold in the collinear case is less than 23.7μJ. The output power increases with the increase of the crystal temperature. The 1485－1553nm signal wave and 3383－3754nm idler wave are obtained by changing the temperature and the angle of the PPLN crystal.     

寻找异面直线所成角的着眼点

异面直线所成角的问题,是空间“三大角”问题之一,历来是考试的重点内容。异面直线所成角的大小是用过空间一点分别引它们的平行线所成的锐角(或直角)来定义的,准确地定位角的顶点,平移直线构造三角形是解题的关键。下面通过举例谈谈寻找异面直线所成角的几种方法,请大家重点体会寻找异面直线所成角的几个着眼点。