Uncertainty and Certainty Relations for Pauli Observables in Terms of Renyi Entropies of Order α∈ （0; 1]

We obtain uncertainty and certainty relations of state-independent form for the three Paufi observables with use of the Renyi entropies of order α∈ （0; 1]. It is shown that these entropic bounds are tight in the sense that they are always reached with certain pure states. A new result is the condition for equality in Renyi-entropy uncertainty relations for the Pauli observables. Upper entropic bounds in the pure-state case are also novel. Combining the presented bounds leads to a band, in which the rescaled average Renyi a-entropy ranges for a pure measured state. A width of this band is compared with the Tsallis formulation derived previously.     

利用"对比法"判断气体状态参量的变化趋势

理想气体的温度、体积和压强三个状态参量之间的关系由气体状态方程pV/T=恒量决定。当气体状态发生变化时，判断某一个参量的变化趋势是一个比较复杂的问题。如图1，为p—T图中的状态变化曲线，状态由A变化到B，判断体积的变化趋势。     

PTCDA/P-Si光电探测器欧姆接触层的XPS测试分析

在光电探测器PTCDA/P-Si芯片的有机层表面,成功制作出了比接触电阻为4.5×10-5Ω·cm2的低阻欧姆接触层。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对Al/Ni/ITO的欧姆接触层界面的电子状态进行了测试和分析。结果表明,ITO中的In3d及Sn3d各出现两个分裂能级的谱峰,它们是In和Sn原子处于氧化环境的结合能。Ni2p有两个谱峰Ni2p(1)及Ni2p(2),低结合能位置Ni2p(1)对应于Ni原子被X射线激发产生的谱峰,说明NiITO之间没有发生化学反应,Ni层阻止了Al层被氧化成Al2O3;高结合能Ni2p(2)谱峰说明已形成了Al3Ni冶金相,有利于低阻欧姆接触层的形成。     

"神舟"号飞船的微重力测量

航天器在太空自由漂移时出现失重状态．当存在各种干扰力时，呈现微重力状态．失重状态使得物体各部分之间不产生压力作用或者形变作用，对此开展的研究称之为微重力科学．微重力用微重力加速度的值度量．准稳态加速度来自大气阻力、潮汐力、太阳辐射压等，分析得到“神舟”号飞船的准稳态加速度在10^-7g0以下．瞬变加速度和振动加速度可用石英挠性加速度计检测．“神舟”号飞船的微重力测量仪器具有三轴检测、守时、统计分析、依照预先注入的指令准实时传送微重力统计数据或原始数据的能力．该仪器带宽为(0．06—100)Hz，分辨率5μg0，量程(-10— 10)mg0，沿飞行轴线还有一个放大为(-150— 150)mg0的量程．该仪器对“神舟一号”到“神舟五号”各艘飞船轨道运行段实施全过程连续监测，准实时提供了飞船各种动作发生的时刻及引起的加速度量值，为飞船飞行控制、有效载荷动作监测和空间微重力科学实验分析提供了有效服务。     

A1/GaAs界面微结构的慢正电子束研究

基于正电子扩散方程,对于线形全吸收型等特殊的界面模型,求得了正电子湮没辐射多普勒展宽S参数与单能慢正电子入射能量E之间函数关系S(E)的解析表达式.测量不同膜厚、不同退火条件下A1/GaAs的S(E),用所得解析式拟合实验数据,发现A1/GaAs界面系统与线形全吸收型界面模型符合得很好.通过拟合,得出了界面S参数S₁及其与膜厚和退火温度的关系,由此对界面微结构及其动力学特性作了讨论.     

研究界面多相吸附动力学的一个新方法——表面增强喇曼散射方法

提出利用表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)效应研究化学吸附动力学,给出了理论模型和实验方法。研究了结晶紫(CV)和对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)在银镜及银胶表面吸附。发现在银镜和银胶表面上,CV的吸附是匀相的,PABA则是多相的;表面形态的差异不影响表面多相因子和脱附速率常数(K_d=0),只对吸附速率常数有影响。讨论了表面多相因子的意义。 关键词：     

Photo-detachment cross section of H- near two parallel interfaces

The photo-detachment cross section of H^- near two parallel elastic interfaces is derived and calculated by using the closed orbit theory. The photo-detachment cross section of H^- near two interfaces is shown to exhibit multi-periodic oscillations when the distance between the H^- and the interface is varied. Each peak in the Fourier transformed photo-detachment cross section corresponds to the length of a closed orbit, which is quite similar to the case of atomic spontaneous emissions in a dielectric slab. This study provides a new understanding of the photo=detachment process of H^- in the presence of interfaces.     

微合金化元素对Fe—A1界面结合的第一性原理研究

利用第一性原理中的DFT理论研究了Fe／A1界面的能量学和电子结构，讨论了替位型掺杂的元素Zn、Mn、Ni在Fe／A1界面处的作用．结果表明：元素Zn、Mn、Ni都会优先替换界面处的Fe原子，使得界面结合能增加，体系更稳定，有利于界面的结合；跨界面的Fe原子与Al原子之间的电荷布居、键长以及差分电荷密度图的计算表明：掺杂后有利于跨界面的Fe-Al间成键，从而加强了Al层与Fe基体的结合，且结合强度由强到弱依次为：掺Zn〉掺Mn〉掺Ni；与实验比较吻合．最后对掺杂Zn的增韧机理加以解释．     

A Scheme for Generating Entangled Squeezed States Based on Cavity QED

We propose a scheme for generating entangled squeezed vacuum states of electromagnetical fields. The scheme is based on cavity QED. In this scheme, an atom interacts, successively, with a classical field, two quantum cavity fields, and another classical field. By detecting the final states of the atom, the two quantum cavity fields will be projected to an entangled state.     

Organic Light Emitting Diodes with an Organic Acceptor/Donor Interface Involved in Hole Injection

Organic light emitting diodes with an interface of organic acceptor 3-, 4-, 9-,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride （PTCDA） and donor copper phthalocyanine （CuPc） involved in hole injection are fabricated. As compared to the conventional device using a 5 nm CuPc hole injection layer, the device using an interface of 10nm PTCDA and 5 nm CuPc layers shows much lower operating voltage with an increase of about 46% in the maximum power efficiency. The enhanced device performance is attributed to the efficient hole generation at the PTCDA/CuPc interface. This study provides a new way of designing hole injection.