世界上第一个物理技术研究所的建立及其影响

德国夏洛滕堡物理技术研究所（The Physikallisch-Technische Reichanstalt,简称PTR）是世界上第一个国家级的物理技术研究所，它开创了科学研究和技术研究相结合，服务于工业和国家经济之先河。文章从PTR建立的历史背景、早期研究工作和所产生的影响等方面作较为全面的讨论。     

Studies on Electrochemical Property of LiFePO4/C as Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

IntroductionLithium ion batteries are key components of mobiletelephones and portable computers.Among the knownLi-intercalation materials for lithium ion battery cath-odes,LiCoO2,LiNiO2,and LiMn2O4have been stud-ied extensively[1—3].LiCoO2is nowused in c…     

四氮大环-金属配合物与DNA作用的电化学及谱学研究

Mononuclear copper（Ⅱ）, nickel（Ⅱ） and cobalt（Ⅲ） tetracoordinate macrocyclic complexes were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal structure of the three compounds were determined by X-ray crystallography. The electrochemical experimental results indicate that the three complexes could interact with DNA mainly by electrostatic interaction. The interaction of tetracoordinate macrocyclic cobalt（Ⅲ） complex with DNA was studied by cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis spectroscopy. The experimental results reveal that tetracoordinate macrocyc- lic cobalt（Ⅲ） complex could interact with DNA by electrostatic interaction to form a 1 ： 1 DNA association complex with a binding constant of 7.50 ×10^3 L·mol^-1.     

Frequency and voltage-dependent electrical and dielectric properties of Al/Co-doped PVA/p-Si structures at room temperature

In order to investigate of cobalt-doped interracial polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） layer and interface trap （Dit） effects, A1/p- Si Schottky barrier diodes （SBDs） are fabricated, and their electrical and dielectric properties are investigated at room temperature. The forward and reverse admittance measurements are carded out in the frequency and voltage ranges of 30 kHz-300 kHz and -5 V-6 V, respectively. C-V or er-V plots exhibit two distinct peaks corresponding to inversion and accumulation regions. The first peak is attributed to the existence of Dit, the other to the series resistance （Rs）, and interfacial layer. Both the real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant （er and err） and electric modulus （Mr and Mrr）, loss tangent （tan~）, and AC electrical conductivity （aac） are investigated, each as a function of frequency and applied bias voltage. Each of the M~ versus V and Mrr versus V plots shows a peak and the magnitude of peak increases with the increasing of frequency. Especially due to the Dit and interfacial PVA layer, both capacitance （C） and conductance （G/w） values are strongly affected, which consequently contributes to deviation from both the electrical and dielectric properties of A1/Co-doped PVA/p-Si （MPS） type SBD. In addition, the voltage-dependent profile of Dit is obtained from the low-high frequency capacitance （CLF-CHF） method.     

基于659总线的飞行器电气控制系统设计与实现

为提高飞行器电气控制系统测量和管理的可靠性,实现电气控制系统的综合管理;通过采用ARINC659背板总线、冗余的电气控制系统模块化设计方法,设计并实现了一种电气控制系统。这篇文章介绍了该系统的主要功能、技术特点、硬件和软件设计。该系统在满足实时性、可靠性需求的同时,具有快速的系统重构和很强的可配置性,而且大大减少了飞机电气系统的重量,适应电气控制系统综合控制发展的方向。基于659总线的飞行器电气控制系统,解决了复杂机电系统的数据融合和综合管理,在工程实践中已成功应用。     

DFT Calculations of the Ionization Potential and Electron Affinity of Alaninamide

Adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials (IPs) and valence electron affinities (EAs) of alaninamide in gas phase have been determined using density functional theory (BLYP,B3LYP,B3P86) methods with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set,respectively. IPs and EAs of alaninamide in solutions have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Five possible conformers of alaninamide and their charged states have been optimized employing density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-311++(d,p) basis set,respectively.     

紫外光引发环氧树脂的下行前线聚合行为

采用紫外光(UV)引发法研究了221型脂环族环氧树脂的下行前线聚合行为.探讨了光引发剂、热引发剂用量和预热温度等对聚合前线的推动速率Vf和前线引发时间ti的影响,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重(TG)和差示扫描量热(DSC)等对固化物结构和热性能进行了表征.研究结果表明,提高光引发剂浓度、热引发剂浓度或预热温度,均可提高聚合前线的推动速率Vf,缩短引发时间ti.采用该技术制备的环氧树脂固化物具有较好的均一性及热稳定性.     

硼酸钙对电瓷结构和性能的影响

研究了硼酸钙掺量对电瓷的相结构、显微结构、电气性能和机械性能的影响.通过不同硼酸钙添加量的电瓷在不同烧结温度条件下的断裂强度、气孔率、电阻率,结合电瓷的晶相结构和显微结构的变化,探讨其构效关系.结果表明:硼酸钙含量的增加或烧结温度升高,电瓷的电阻率和气孔率降低.但当硼酸钙掺量超过10;,烧结温度超过1120℃之后,电阻率和气孔率的变化不明显.电瓷的断裂强度随着硼酸钙的添加而提高,当硼酸钙含量超过10;后开始降低,添加量为10;时电瓷的断裂强度随着烧结温度而提高,1120℃后无显著变化.硼酸钙促进莫来石相的析出,但硼酸钙含量过高时,会促进CaAl2Si2O8形成,降低莫来石相的析出量,并使其形貌从细针状向短柱状和粒状发生转变.硼酸钙掺量恒定时,提高烧结温度可促进细针状莫来石相的生成.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定电子电气产品中多溴二苯醚及多溴联苯

建立了利用气相色谱-质谱测定电子、电气产品中多溴二苯醚及多溴苯的方法。对样品的粉碎、提取方法、色谱柱的选择、测定条件进行研究,并自建标准质谱图库;采用保留时间、Br同位素规则、质谱特征离子、谱库检索等4种方式相结合进行定性,避免了假阳性及漏检的情况,结果更加准确可靠。本法检出限为5mg/kg,PBDEs的回收率为91.3%,PBBs的回收率为92.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.3%。与现有方法相比,本法分离时间最短(6min),具有简便快速、实用性强、灵敏度高、准确可靠等特点,适用于电子电气产品、塑料、橡胶、汽车内饰材料等的溴系阻燃剂分析,满足欧盟RoHS指令检测的要求。     

一种新的节能环保技术——太阳能制冷

随着社会的不断进步和发展,人们的生活水平在日益提高。空调、冰箱等电气产品已越来越多地进入普通家庭。夏天,在享受空调带来的冰凉清爽的同时,电费开支也是惊人的。是否可以制造一种不消耗电能、又能够达到制冷目的的装置呢?答案是肯定的,目前科研工作者正在研制一种利用太阳