平面弯道势流的流速分布规律研究

为研究平面弯道水流的流速分布规律,将弯道简化成圆弧,假设水流为理想流体作恒定无旋流动,并假定流线为圆弧状,根据理想流体平面势流理论,推导了弯道水流的流速分布公式和内外弯超高公式。得到的结论为:内弯流速大于外弯;内弯水面低于外弯。然后基于Galerkin(迦辽金)加权余量法的有限单元法,编写了Matlab有限元程序,用3节点三角形单元模拟90°弯道水流中的流速分布,得到了与理论解一致的流速分布结果。最后通过弯道水流实验和文献中的实验数据对理论推导结果进行验证。结果表明,实际弯道水流是以平面势流为主导的。     

广义相对论中静态荷电理想流体球的内解

在本文中,我们获得了一个以E,α等为参量的静态荷电理想流体球的内解,通过适当地选择E,求出了几个物理上合理的新的精确解。     

Massive String Cosmology in Bianchi Type ⅢSpace-Time with Electromagnetic Field

Exact solution of Einstein＇s field equations is obtained for massive string cosmological model of Bianchi III space-time using the technique given by Letelier （1983） in presence of perfect fluid and electromagnetic field. To get the deterministic solution of the field equations the expansion 0 in the model is considered as proportional to the eigen value σ2^2of the shear tensor σi^j and also the fluid obeys the barotropic equation of state. It is observed that in early stage of the evolution of the universe string dominates over the particle whereas the universe is dominated by massive string at the late time. It is also observed that the string phase of the universe disappears in our model because particle density becomes negative. Some physical and geometric properties of the model are also discussed.     

流体的格鲁尼森数及其对状态方程的检验

格鲁尼森数是一个无量纲的热力学参数,通常被用来描述固体的热力学性质.由于其对流体的临界点不敏感,它对于检验非理想流体的热力学性质也有指导意义.本文通过计算多种流体在不同温度和压力下的格鲁尼森数,发现其数值在宽广区域里变化稳定,进而论述了格鲁尼森数与其他热力学参数的关系.以PR方程和BWR方程为例,阐述了格鲁尼森数对于检验状态方程完善性的标尺性作用.