气相色谱-质谱法测定工作场所空气中1,2-二氯乙烷含量

1,2-二氯乙烷是一种工业上广泛使用的有机溶剂,具有慢性致癌作用,其急性、亚急性吸入可导致中毒性脑病,病理基础为脑水肿[1]。近年来,1,2-二氯乙烷中毒时有发生,中毒所累及的靶器官主要是肝脏和肾脏[2]。某些鞋厂也曾经出现过几起急性中毒事件,引起了社会的广泛关注。在对中毒事件的处理过程中,实验室的检测结果起着非常关键的作用。在实际工作中,利用国家标准方法[3]以及有关     

铂修饰的{001}面暴露的二氧化钛纳米片阵列的制备和光催化性能

采用有机溶剂热法在FTO衬底上制备{001}面暴露的单晶锐钛矿相TiO2纳米片阵列,通过FESEM和XRD研究样品的形貌和晶体结构. 与水热法制备的纳米片阵列相比,有机溶剂热法制备的样品取向性更好. 采用光沉积方法在纳米片阵列上沉积Pt,所得到的Pt纳米颗粒粒径更为均匀,并且更容易沉积在{001}面上. 所负载的Pt 纳米颗粒增强了TiO2纳米片的光吸收性能,同时大大减弱了光致发光强度. 在光催化性能测试中,具有最优负载量的样品催化性能提高了一倍. 与传统的Pt负载相比,{001}面的最优负载量显得相当小,这可能源于高活性{001}面的原子结构.     

Study of In Situ Formation of Magnesium Hydroxide Whisker via Basic Magnesium Chloride Whisker Regulated by Organic Parcels at Low Temperature

In this work, we demonstrate an in situ phase conversion from basic magnesium chloride（BMC） into magnesium hydroxide whisker by using polar organic solvent at low temperature. The morphology and phase composition of magnesium hydroxide whiskers prepared at different reaction temperature, alkali concentration and organic solvent were analyzed by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electronic microscope（SEM）. It was found that when one of the organic solvents such as absolute ethyl alcohol, butanol, polyethylene glycol（PEG-400）, acetone, et al. was selected as the template, the precursor BMC can transform into whisker-like magnesium hydroxide through precipitate transformation in low temperature and non-hydrothermal system. It can be reasonably explained that the regulation of Mg^2＋ solubility by those organic solvents and the sustained release of Mg^2＋ dissolution by organic adsorption played a significant role in the formation of magnesium hydroxide whisker via BMC whisker as the precursor.     

Potassium phthalimide： An efficient and green organocatalyst for the synthesis of 4-aryl-7-（arylmethylene）-3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2（5H）-ones]thiones under solvent-free conditions

An efficient synthesis of Biginelli-type compounds using potassium phthalimide as a green, mild, and commercially available organocatalyst in a one-pot, multi-component cyclocondensation reaction of cyclopentanone, aldehydes, and urea/thiourea is reported. The present methodology is a green approach to access 4-aryl-7-（aryImethylene）-3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2（5H）-ones/thiones. It offers several merits such as simple operational procedures, no use of hazardous organic solvents, and cheap and environmentally friendly solid basic catalyst.     

农产品中6种有机溶剂残留的气相色谱-质谱检测方法

建立了蔬菜、粮食等农产品中6种有机溶剂残留(甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的液液萃取/气相色谱-质谱分析方法。不同类型的样品经乙腈-水溶液或乙腈溶剂提取后,用Agilent DB-624(30.0 m×250μm×1.4μm)毛细管色谱柱分离,在GC-MS选择离子监测(SIM)模式下检测,以保留时间和特征离子丰度比定性,外标法定量。结果表明,该方法对不同样品中4种苯系物在0.005~0.500 mg/L,DMF在0.025~0.125 mg/L,DMSO在0.050~0.500 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)为0.992 0~0.997 1。6种有机溶剂的平均加标回收率为60.1%~115.2%,相对标准偏差不大于11.0%。苯系物、DMF和DMSO的方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.002~0.050,0.010~0.025,0.060~0.150 mg/kg。该方法准确、快速、灵敏,可用于各种农产品中有机溶剂残留的监控。     

溶剂极性控制下的煤抽余物吸附甲烷能力研究

基于原煤和有机溶剂抽余物的等温吸附实验结果,对比分析溶剂极性与其煤抽余物吸附甲烷能力变化关系,探讨抽提溶剂极性差异对煤抽余物吸附甲烷能力控制的地球化学机理。结果表明,煤溶剂抽余物等温吸附甲烷曲线都遵循Langmuir方程,且二硫化碳(CS₂)和苯(C₆H₆)溶剂抽提作用增大了煤吸附甲烷量,四氢呋喃(THF)和丙酮溶剂抽提作用减小了煤吸附甲烷量。实验发现,煤抽余物吸附甲烷能力变化与抽提溶剂极性成负相关关系,该现象可用相似相容原理解释:CS₂和C₆H₆溶剂极性较弱,抽提出较多具有非极性结构(-CH₃和-CH₂-)的烷烃和芳烃,为甲烷在煤表面吸附增多了吸附位而增强了抽余物吸附甲烷能力,THF和丙酮溶剂极性较强,抽提出较多具有极性结构(-CHO、-OH、和-COOH)的非烃和沥青质,减少了吸附位而降低煤抽余物的甲烷吸附能力。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定兰索拉唑中有机溶剂残留量

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,丁酮为内标,采用PV-101毛细管色谱柱 (30 m×0．22 mm),氢火焰离子化检测器,建立兰索拉唑中五种有机溶剂甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯残留量的定量分析方法。五种有机溶剂检出限分别为0．002 4％,0．002 4％, 0．001 2％,0．000 6％,0．000 6％;在10-1000 mg·L-1浓度范围内,各组分线性关系良好;对应的平均回收率分别为100．8％±3．6％,102．1％±2．3％,99．97％±4．1％,99．63％±2．7％, 102．3％±3．5％。     

Self-assembly of Gold Nanoparticle Chains between Nanoelectrodes

Nanodevice applications of metal or semiconductor nanoparticles depend on the techniques to assemble them into ordered one-(1D) and two-dimensional (2D) arrange- ments1,2. In particular, 1D arrangements of nanoparticles are not only the basis for fabricat…     

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Cellular Adhesion Tripeptide RGD Precursor in Organic Media

IntroductionA characteristic tripeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD) that is found within fibronectin and other rela-ted adhesion molecules in extracellular matrices(ECM)has received considerable attention from researcherssince it was proved to be a recognit…     

气相色谱-质谱法同时测定染整助剂中18种氯代烃类有机溶剂

建立了同时测定染整助剂中18种氯代烃类有机溶剂的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法。加入适量氯化钠的染整助剂样品经正十四烷振荡提取后,以DB-624超高惰性毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,1.4μm)为色谱柱进行分离分析,电子轰击(EI)离子源选择离子监测(SIM)模式进行质谱监测,外标法定量。结果显示,18种氯代烃类有机溶剂可在19 min内完成色谱分离分析,在0.2～100 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r²)均不低于0.999 2,检出限(LODs,S/N=3)和定量下限(LOQs,S/N=10)分别为0.033～0.063 mg/L和0.11～0.19 mg/L。在低、中、高3个加标浓度水平下,阴性样品荧光增白剂1#(液体)和柔软剂2#(固体)中18种氯代烃类有机溶剂的平均加标回收率分别为93.3%～104%和92.7%～104%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为3.5%～5.3%和3.2%～5.4%。对23种不同性能的染整助剂进行测定,在3种染整助剂中检出四氯乙烯。该方法灵敏度和准确度高,精密度好,适用于各种染整助剂中18种氯代...