La-Ce-TiO2纳米光催化剂的溶胶-微波法合成、谱学表征及其活性研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-微波法(Sol-Microwave Method)合成了镧和铈共掺型纳米TiO2粉体(La-Ce-TiO2),借助XRD、XPS和UV-Vis等测试手段对其进行了表征,并以甲基橙为模型污染物考察了掺杂量对样品光催化活性的影响规律.XRD分析表明,所得粉体均为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且稀土元素镧和铈掺杂后纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低;XPS分析表明,镧和铈掺杂后样品表面存在大量的氧缺位;UV-Vis吸收光谱表明,所得粉体在400 nm以下均有连续宽化的吸收带,且La和Ce掺杂后样品对光的吸收显著增强,这足由于La(Ⅲ)-O荷移跃迁以及Ce(Ⅳ)f→d跃迁和Ce(Ⅳ)-O荷移跃迁所致;光催化实验表明,La和Ce共掺杂能显著提高纳米TiO2的光催化活性,其中当La(Ⅲ)和Ce(Ⅳ)掺杂量分别为2%和0.04%时,纳米TiO2光催化剂具有较高的催化活性,自然光照射下光催化氧化处理卷烟厂蒸叶车间废水,效果较好,废水COD去除率达到86.11%.     

二维三温流体力学高性能计算方法研究及程序研制

靶球在辐射驱动下内爆的物理过程是惯性约束聚变（ICF）研究的重要组成部分之一。由于流场的大变形和物理力学过程的复杂性,相关的数值模拟具有相当大的难度。根据研究工作的需求,符尚武等人克服了数值模拟方法上的重重困难,研制成功了二维三温流体动力学程序-LARED-I第一版。该程序是ICF数值模拟中主要的大型程序之一,在应用中取得了多方面的成果。     

Robustness estimation of software-synchronized all-optical sampling for fiber communication systems

The robustness of the software-synchronized all-optical sampling for optical performance monitoring is estimated for 10-Gb/s fiber communication systems. It reveals that the software-synchronized algorithm is sensitive to the signal degradation caused by chromatic dispersion and nonlinearity in optical fibers. The influence of timing jitter and amplitude fluctuation of the sampling pulses is also investigated. It is found that stringent requirements are imposed on the quality of the sampling pulse and the tolerance of 1-dB Q penalty is measured. Considering the practically available optical sampling pulse sources, the results indicate that the amplitude fluctuation of the sampling pulses has the dominant impacts on the software-synchronized method.     

16nm极紫外光刻物镜热变形对成像性能影响的研究

16 nm极紫外光刻(EUVL)物镜热变形是影响其高分辨成像的主要因素之一。为了给EUVL系统热管理提供可靠的技术依据,对数值孔径为0.33且满足16 nm技术节点的典型EUVL物镜进行热变形仿真研究。采用有限元软件ANSYS仿真曝光过程中反射镜的瞬态温度和变形分布。以Zernike多项式为接口拟合变形面,分析热变形对成像性能的影响。结果表明:物镜的最高温升和最大变形分别为3.9℃和10.2 nm,高温态物镜的热变形引起的最大波像差均方根和畸变分别为0.1λ和56 nm,超出了合理范围。M3和M4反射镜热变形累加引起的波像差和畸变的占比分别为88%和99%,对成像性能的影响起主导作用,需要对其进行严格控温。     

组合式高超声速飞行器布局设计与优化分析

针对高超声速飞行器气动布局设计难点,文章提出了基于多个基准流场的多部件组合设计方法.以锥导乘波体为基准,采用分段接序、多片组合的高超声速可调参数的气动布局设计,将飞行器分解为前体、机翼和中心体设计.前体和机翼以乘波体为设计思路,中心体构型根据装载需求设计,从而达到飞行器在边缘能够满足压力封闭,有效容积集中在中心体附近的总体布局思路,使得飞行器各部件功能清晰化.最终实现具有"乘波特性"的高超声速巡航飞行器参数可调的布局设计.文中对比了组合布局与传统乘波体的差异,在前体不变的情况下,研究了中心体长度、长宽比和长厚比对飞行器气动性能的影响.采用自由变形技术（free-form deformation,FFD）实现了高超声速飞行器的参数化和优化设计流程.结果表明组合布局具有更高的容积效率,可实现多参数化调节,具有良好的乘波特性,可为未来提高高超声速飞行器升阻比和满足应用要求提供方案参考.      

熔体旋甩工艺对Zn掺杂Ⅰ-型Ba8Ga12Zn2Ge32笼合物微结构及热电性能的影响

采用新颖的熔体旋甩(MS)结合放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备了单相Zn掺杂的Ⅰ-型Ba₈Ga₁₂Zn₂Ge₃₂笼合物,研究了熔体旋甩工艺对其微结构以及热电性能的影响. 结果表明,MS得到的薄带自由面主要由300nm—1μm的小立方体单晶组成,薄带经SPS烧结后得到了具有大量层状精细结构的致密块体. 与熔融+SPS工艺制备的试样相比,熔融+MS+SPS制备的Ba₈Ga₁₂Zn 关键词： 熔体旋甩 Ⅰ-型笼合物 热电性能     

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Thermal Properties of Solid Uranium Dioxide

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed with the recently developed empirical interaction potential by Morelon et al. Thermodynamics properties of solid UO2 that have been assessed include melt point, density, enthalpy, heat capacity, lattice parameter variation with temperature, mean-square-displacement and diffusion coefficients of oxygen ion. The results are compared with the data in literature and it is suggested that the rigid ionic potential provides perfect results below the superionic range. The data showing thermodynamics properties will become unacceptable when the temperature is higher than 2500 K. Compared with the previous empirical potentials, the empirical potential developed by Morelon et al. improves the agreement of these data with the recommend ones.     

光学特异材料的设计

In this contribution we review our latest achievements of combined experimental and theoretical studies to tailor the properties of optical metamaterials（MMs） at will. We give three examples of metamaterial designs that have been realized by means of electron-beam lithography and whose spectroscopic characteristics have been comprehensively investigated. In every case, our experiments are complemented by rigorous numer ical simulations. Particular emphasis is put on the significance of such tailored effective properties of optical MMs