On the study of the initiation of the micro crack on the smooth surface of polycrystalline

Crystallographic plasticity was applied to study the initiation of micro cracks on the smooth surface of polycrystalline under uniform applied stress. Even under the uniform external stress, due to the different crystallographic orientations of the grains in the polycrystalline, there is un-uniform stress distribution and the deformation is also not uniform. Under the fatigue loading, the roughness increases with the number of fatigue, and deformation will localize in some places, where micro cracks form.     

Effect of crystalline microstructure on the photophysical performance of polymer／perylene composite films

To obtain high carrier mobility, better charge injection capability, and high photovoltaic device conversion efficiency, a powerful strategy is to improve the morphology of the polymer/dye composite films. Conjugated conducting polymer (CP) thin films doped with perylene derivative (PV) of various concentrations were prepared by spin-casting method, and their morphology and photovoltaic characteristics were examined. The change in morphology and molecular reorientation occurring in CP-PV composite films upon annealing at different temperatures was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and UV-vis absorption. By changing the annealing temperature, PV microcrystallines of 8－10μm in size lying parallel to the substrate surface can be obtained. Annealing effect improved the photovoltaic performance of ITO/CP-PV/Al Schottky-type solar cells, which can be attributed to the formation of an electron conducting PV crystal network. Preliminary studies indicate that the morphological structure in CP-PV composite films has an important influence to their photovoltaic properties.     

Influence of Different Connectivity Topologies in Small World Networks Modeling Earthquakes

We introduce the Olami-Feder-Christensen (OFC) model on a square lattice with some “rewired“ longrange connections having the properties of small world networks. We find that our model displays the power-law behavior, and connectivity topologies are very important to model‘s avalanche dynamical behaviors. Our model has some behaviors different from the OFC model on a small world network with “added“ long-range connections in our previous work [LIN Min, ZHAO Xiao-Wei, and CHEN Tian-Lun, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 41 (2004) 557.].     

Yield strengths and stress induced crackles in copper films：effects of substrate and passivated layer

Yield strengths in unpassivated and 530 nm TiN passivated Cu films deposited on Ti, high-speed steel and Ni substrates have been measured by x-ray diffraction (XRD) in combination with the four-point bending method. The results show that, although the texture and average grain size, investigated by XRD and transmission electron microscopy respectively, do not vary with different substrate, the yield strength of the Cu film increases obviously when a thin passivated layer is present and varies slightly with substrates. Many crackles appear in the passivated Cu film on Ti substrate but do not appear in other samples. The experimental results have been explained satisfactorily with an expression for the yield strength of thin films given previously.     

基础力学课程教学设计浅析

高质量的教学设计是高质量课程的重要保证.以基础力学课程为背景,从主观修养和客观技巧两个方面探讨了教学设计中需要注意的关键问题,指出了教学设计中教师主观修养的重要作用和影响,并详尽阐述了教学内容选择和教学内容组织在客观技巧上容易被忽视的问题以及一些误区.     

γ-TiAl合金激光熔覆高温自润滑耐磨复合材料涂层研究

以NiCr-Cr₃C₂-40%CaF₂(wt.%)复合合金粉末为原料,采用Nd:YAG激光熔覆技术,在γ-TiAl合金基体表面成功制备出了高温自润滑耐磨复合材料涂层,在复合粉体准备时,采用Ni-P化学镀包覆原始CaF₂颗粒,以减少其在激光熔覆过程中的分解?蒸发和上浮.采用XRD?SEM和EDS等手段对所制备复合材料涂层的显微组织进行了分析,并测试了TiAl合金及所制备的复合材料涂层的室温滑动磨损性能.结果表明:该复合材料涂层由初生发达树枝状TiC和次生块状Al ₄C₃碳化物增强相以及细小弥散分布的CaF₂润滑颗粒均匀分布在塑韧性良好的NiCrAlTi(γ)基体中,其平均显微硬度是基体TiAl合金的2倍以上. CaF₂颗粒由于采用Ni-P化学镀包覆而大部分得以保留,并且增强了其与NiCrAlTi(γ)金属基体的相容性,使得该复合材料涂层具有良好的自润滑和耐磨效果     

不同温度下Cu/FeS复合材料摩擦过程中组织演变的分子动力学模拟研究

通过计算机模拟的方法对不同温度下Cu//Cu/FeS摩擦副的摩擦性能进行计算研究,结果发现:当环境的温度在500 K时,摩擦副的摩擦系数出现第一个谷值,而此时金属铜发生再结晶,黏着磨损更为明显;700 K时,黏着层数减小而摩擦系数却有所增大,主要是由于复合材料内部的FeS结构发生转变造成.计算结果还证明:在高温情况下,增强相FeS存在先分解再重新结合的2个过程,并指出Cu/FeS复合材料在900 K时,仍然具有很好的减摩耐磨作用.还对不同温度摩擦时复合材料内部的组织演变过程进行系统分析,分析结果表明,随着温度的升高,FeS的结构发生演变,从六方NiAs型超结构相转变为简单NiAs型结构相,并且随着温度的升高,FeS结构的 c/a 也在不断减小,这些都影响着复合材料的摩擦性能.     

自组织生长CdSe-ZnSe量子点的光致发光

利用不同温度下的光致发光和时间分辨光谱研究了生长在GaAs(110)衬底上的CdSe-ZnSe自组织量子点的发光特性,发现浸润层量子阱的激子发光淬灭比量子点的淬灭过程快得多,量子点的激子辐射复合寿命远大于浸润层量子阱的激子复合寿命.根据不同尺寸的量子点复合寿命的差异,观测到来自不同量子点的锐线发光.     

人造金刚石晶体中微观杂质的TEM分析

本文成功地利用透射电子显微术探讨了高温高压条件下于Fe-Ni-C系统中生长的人造金刚石单晶内部的微观杂质.分析了金刚石晶体中杂质的微观结构、化学成分组成、晶体结构及其可能形成的原因.研究结果表明,金刚石晶体中微观杂质与原材料、传压介质和高温高压过程密切相关,主要由面心立方(FeNi)23C6,正交结构的FeSi2,面心立方SiC和非晶态石墨组成.     

人造金刚石晶体生长的微观机制

本文以FeNi合金作为触媒,以石黑为碳源,在高温高压下合成了粒度为0.5mm～0.77mm的金刚石单晶。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）对不同生长阶段的金刚石的表面和内部截面的形貌进行了微观观察和分析。结果表明,金刚石晶面以片层机制长大,生长孪晶在金刚石长大过程中出现。在奕晶中发现许多呈六角形的可能与被输送到生长孪晶的碳原子有关的亚颗粒。