时间分辨激光光散射测量系统

自选设计，装配了一套时间分辨的激光光散射测量系统，该系统摄像机，录像机，计算机和自编的软件实现了一体化的数据采集，显示和分析过程，本文给出了该系统的应用实例，球晶的光散射和环氧树脂的固化反应诱导的相分离过程。     

低能离子散射谱分析中的荷电效应及中和作用

用低能离子散射谱（ISS）对比分析了与样品托有良好电接触的和与样品托绝比的金属银片，观察到荷电效应对ISS分析有严重影响。实验还表明在ISS分析时使用低能电子中和枪可以有效地消除荷电效应，还发现电子中和枪的使用对于惰性气体离子的中和作用无明显影响。     

倒数示波计时电位滴定新技术

倒数交流示波极谱具有抑制充电电流、突出电解电流的优点,利用(dE/dt)~(-1)-E曲线上去极剂峰的突然消失或出现指示滴定终点的方法称作倒数示波计时电位滴定法.由运算放大器组装的模拟电子线路可以对(dE/dt)~(-1)-E曲线进行反馈、反对数及微分处理,从而获得各种类型的倒数示波计时电位曲线(图1),以进一步提高滴定的灵敏度。     

共振光散射成像检测5,10,15,20-四(对三甲基氨基苯)卟吩诱导的DNA超螺旋聚集体

A resonance light scattering （RLS） imaging method was proposed based on imaging and measuring the RLS features of single suprahelical species of DNA, and its appfication to DNA assay was also investigated. In acidic medium, porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrakis（p-phenyltlimethylaminium） （PTPTMA）, could stack along the molecular surface of DNA with the mode of long-range assembly to induce the formation of suprahelical species of DNA, resulting in strong RLS signals in the range of 450-510 nm. Under the excitation of 488 nm fight beam of argon ion laser source, single suprahelical species could be observed with the aid of a common microscope due to the strong scattered fight emitted by the suprahelical species. By capturing the RLS images of the single suprahelical species with a cooled charge coupled device （CCD） camera, and analyzing the RLS data, herein an RLS imaging method of DNA was proposed based on the linear relationship between the counts of suprahelical species in the detection focus plane and the concentration of DNA in nanograms. When 1.8 μmol/L PTPTMA was employed, both calf thymus DNA （ct DNA） and fish sperm DNA （fs DNA） in the range of 25-1100 ng/mL could be detected with the limits of detection lower than 25 ng/mL （3a）. Four synthetic samples were detected satisfactorily with relative standard deviations less than 5.1%.     

Bola型阴离子表面活性剂与溴化十二烷基三乙铵混合体系的表面性质与聚集行为

研究了具有简单结构的bola型阴离子表面活性剂二十酸二钠（C_(20)Na_2)与 阳离子型普通表面活性剂溴化十二烷基三乙铵（C_(12)Et_3）混合体系的表面性质 ，发现混合体系的cmc和γ_(cmc)比C_(12)Et_3单一体系未有显著降低。以负染色 ，FF-TEM，动态光散射（DLS）及粘度方法研究了混合体系的聚集行为，发现混合 体系中同时形成球形囊泡和管状聚集体，提出了产生这种聚集行为的机制。     

盐卤硼酸盐化学──ⅩⅩⅧ.氯柱硼镁石的激光拉曼光谱

本文研究了氯柱硼镁石硼酸和硼砂的晶体和它们在水溶液中的激光拉曼光谱,并与某些阴酸盐的谱图进行对比.初步提出硼氧配阴离子的聚合形式,为进行氯柱硼镁石结构分析提供实验依据.     

溶致液晶中金属纳米粒子的掺杂及其作用机制研究

在用琥珀酸二异辛酯磺酸钠(AOT)构建的具有长程有序结构的层状溶致液晶内, 用不同方式导入预制的亲油或亲水贵金属纳米粒子, 可得到纳米粒子分布在不同介观空间内的无机/有机杂合体. 依据小角X射线散射和偏光显微镜结果, 通过分析掺杂纳米粒子与液晶模板的相互作用, 对掺杂前后体系结构的变化及制得杂合体的稳定性进行了表征. 结果表明, 除考虑掺杂粒子与层状模板空间的匹配外, 体系中静电斥力、范德华引力和Helfrich涨落力之间的平衡是维持液晶结构稳定的基本条件.     

TEOS-MTES基SiO2溶胶微结构的SAXS研究

正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,在碱性条件下制备含有无定形SiO2颗粒的溶胶,以甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)在酸性条件下获得聚甲基硅氧链,二者混合后应用同步辐射X射线进行混合溶胶的SAXS散射强度测定,计算了溶胶的平均回转半径、平均粒径、两相界面层厚度、散射体体积分数、两相间比表面积等参数,辅以光子相关光谱法(PCS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)观测溶胶粒度,证实SiO2颗粒被MTES混合物连接成族团.实验发现所测混合溶胶样品均表现出对Porod定理的负偏离,说明溶胶中颗粒与溶剂之间存在很明显的两相间界面层.     

二茂铁化学修饰电极测定丙二醛的研究

报道了在玻碳电极上共价键合二茂铁的新型化学修饰电极。研究了该电极对丙二醛的电催化作用。以微分脉冲伏安法测定丙二醛，方法具有较好的灵敏度和选择性。丙二醛的峰电流与其浓度在２０×１０－６～２０×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ呈良好的线性关系。     

DIFFUSION OF LONG CHAINS THROUGH A POROUS THIN GEL NETWORK

Using a core(142 nm)made of linear polystyrene(PS)chains as a seed,we further polymerized a thin layer of cross-linked PS shell(7 nm)on it in water to form a core-shell particle.Such a particle swells in toluene,which enables linear PS chains inside the core to gradually diffuse out through the porous shell.Using a combination of static and dynamic laser light scattering,we examined the chain diffusion process by following the change of the scattering intensity(i.e.the average molar mass of the particles).For the first time,we have revealed that the diffusion exhibits three stages.In the first stage,the chain diffusion through the shell is even faster than their translational diffusion in a dilute solution.The three stages respectively correspond to the change of the solution in the core from concentrated to semidilute and then from semidilute to dilute.