稀土氧化物对焊条熔敷金属抗高温硫化腐蚀机制的研究

通过在焊条药皮中分别添加稀土氧化物La2O3及CeO2，研究其对焊条熔敷金属在含硫气氛中腐蚀性能的影响。并在此基础上，进一步分析了稀土氧化物对焊缝金属抗高温硫化腐蚀的作用机制，结果表明：稀土氧化物在焊条药皮中的加入使熔敷金属抗高温硫化腐蚀性能有显著提高，添加La2O3的焊条熔敷金属比添加CeO2的焊条熔敷金属具有更好的抗高温硫化腐蚀性能。提高焊缝金属抗高温硫化腐蚀性能的机制，与稀土元素在焊缝组织中的分布、减少内硫化的加速腐蚀过程相关。     

柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定七种中药补养药中氨基酸

首次分离并测定了七神中药补养药中氨基酸，为其补益作用提供了科学依据．并建立了中药补养药的FMOC-氨基酸色谱测定方法。以FMOC-Cl(9-芴基甲氧基羰酰氯)为柱前衍生试剂，用反相高教液相色谱法测定氨基酸是国内报道甚少的新方法。该法衍生操作简单，衍生反应迅速．衍生物稳定，方法的灵敏度高、分辨率好，整个分析过程简捷，耗用时间短，优于用氨基酸分析仪分析氨基酸。常用的OPA(邻苯二甲醛)柱前衍生法不能直接测定二级胺类的氨基酸，该法则可直接测定一级及二级胺类的氨基酸．同时，该法受样品基质干扰少，从而为衍生物样品的氨基酸分析开辟了广阔前景。本文用该法测定了七种氨基酸，获得了较满意结果，并认为该法对中草药及重要天然植物资源的研究是一个简捷，准确且极其实用的新方法。     

间接原子吸收法测定药物制剂中利血生的含量

提出了利血生的间接原子吸收法，该法基于利血生在碱性介质中的分离－产物半胱氨酸在适当的PH条件下与铜离子生成灰色沉淀，通过测定上清液中铜的含量来间接测定利血生的含量，在法在10－100mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9992),回收率为98．5％－101．6％。该法可成功地用于药物制剂中利血生的测定。     

蒙古药阿木日－6中金属元素的原子光谱分析

测定了常用蒙古药阿木日－６中金属元素的含量，为将来进一步探讨该药中金属元素，特别是微量元素与其药效的关系以及准确检验此种药物提供了实验数据．     

抗高血压新药DDPH的晶体结构

1－（2，6-二甲基苯氧基）－2－（3，4二甲氧苯乙胺基）丙烷盐酸盐（简称DDPH）是一种降血压新药。用X射线衍射法测定了两个晶体结构，（±）DDPH和（＋）DDPH单晶的空间群分别为P21/a和P212121。（±）DDPH分子呈弓形，整体近似一个平面结构；（＋）DDPH的2个苯环夹角较大，整个分子比较伸展。     

光交联固化的聚合物囊泡用于降温触发的药物释放

The stability of nanocarriers in physiological environments is of importance for biomedical applications. Among the existing crosslinking approaches for enhancing the structural integrity and stability, photocrosslinking has been considered to be an ideal crosslinking chemistry, as it is non-toxic and cost-effective, and does not require an additional crosslinker or generate by-products. Meanwhile, most current temperature-responsive nanocarriers are designed and synthesized for drug release by increasing temperature. However, heating may induce cell damage during triggered drug release. Therefore, lowering temperature-triggered nanocarriers need to be developed for drug delivery and safe drug release during therapeutic hypothermia. In this study, we prepared an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly[N-isopropyl acrylamide-stat-7-(2-methacryloyloxyethoxy)-4-methylcoumarin]-block-poly(acrylic acid) [PEO₄₃-b-P(NIPAM₇₁-stat-CMA₈)-b-PAA₁₃], by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Successful synthesis of the polymer was verified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The copolymers self-assembled into vesicles in aqueous solution, with the P(NIPAM-stat-CMA) block forming an inhomogeneous membrane and the PEO chains and PAA chains forming mixed coronas. The cavity of this vesicle could be utilized to load hydrophilic drugs. The CMA groups could undergo photocrosslinking and enhance the stability of vesicles in biological applications, and the PNIPAM moiety endowed the vesicle with temperature-responsive properties. Upon decreasing the temperature, the vesicles swelled and released the loaded drugs. The size distribution and morphology of the vesicles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments. After staining with phosphotungstic acid, the hollow morphology of the vesicles with a phase-separated inhomogeneous membrane was observed by TEM and SEM. The DLS results showed that the hydrodynamic diameter of the vesicles was 208 nm and the polydispersity was 0.075. The size of the vesicles observed by TEM was between 180 and 200 nm, which was in accordance with that measured by DLS. To verify the drug loading capacity and controlled release ability of the vesicle, a water-soluble antibiotic was encapsulated in the vesicles. The experimental results showed that the drug loading content was 10.4% relative to the vesicles and the drug loading efficiency was approximately 32.7%. For vesicles containing the same amount of antibiotics, the release rate at 25 ℃ was 35% higher than that at 37 ℃ after 12 h in aqueous solution. Overall, this photocrosslinked vesicle with temperature-responsive properties facilitates lowering temperature-triggered drug release during therapeutic hypothermia.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定血中布洛芬含量

布洛芬[2-(4异丁基苯基)丙酸]为临床上广泛使用的抗炎、抗风湿药。目前国内正在研制该药的控释剂型,以期克服普通片,药效短、服用剂量大等缺点。建立血中布洛芬的分析方法目的是评价各种不同剂型在人体内的差异,籍此作为选择合适的控释剂型的依据。同时,该法亦可用于临床的血药浓度监测。     

微波消解–石墨炉原子吸收法测定药食两用中药材中的铅

建立测定药食两用中药材中铅含量的微波消解–石墨炉原子吸收光谱分析方法。样品经微波消解后,以2%磷酸二氢铵为基体改进剂,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定药食两用中药材中的铅含量。在2~40μg/L范围内,铅的质量浓度与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r大于0.999,检出限为5μg/kg。加标回收率为94.0%~105.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5.0%(n=6)。该方法操作简便快速,准确度较高,基体干扰小,适合药食两用中药材中铅的检测。     

起爆药检测方法的研究进展

起爆药是物证鉴定中的常见检材,对起爆药进行检测具有重要意义。目前国内外往往把炸药检测的研究重点放在猛炸药,而对于起爆药检测却鲜有研究及报道。本文对国内外已报道过的常见起爆药的检测方法进行综述,包括传统检测方法和现代仪器检测方法,重点介绍了质谱法、色谱法、色质联用技术和毛细管电泳法等方法,并评价这些方法的适用性。