预应力钢梁体外索的张力增量分析

将预应力钢梁看作梁与索的组合结构,充分考虑了二者之间的相互作用．利用变分原理推导出在外荷载作用下,体外索张力增量的计算公式,并通过预应力钢梁模型试验对计算结果进行了验证．     

Nonlinear traveling waves in a compressible Mooney-Rivlin rod I. Long finite-amplitude waves

In literature, nonlinear traveling waves in elastic circular rods have only been studied based on single partial differential equation (pde) models, and here we consider such a problem by using a more accurate coupled-pde model. We derive the Hamiltonian from the model equations for the long finite-amplitude wave approximation, analyze how the number of singular points of the system changes with the parameters, and study the features of these singular points qualitatively. Various physically acceptable nonlinear traveling waves are also discussed, and corresponding examples are given. In particular, we find that certain waves, which cannot be counted by the single-equation model, can arise. The project supported by the Research Grants Council of the HKSAR, China (City U 1107/99P) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10372054 and 10171061)     

HOMOGENIZATION—BASED TOPOLOGY DESIGN FOR PURE TORSION OF COMPOSITE SHAFTS

In conjunction with the homogenization theory and the finite element method, the mathematical models for designing the corss-section of composite shafts by maximizing the torsion rigidity are developed in this paper. To obtain the extremal torsion rigidity, both the cross-section of the macro scale shaft and the representative microstructure of the composite material are optimized using the new models. The micro scale computational model addresses the problem of finding the periodic microstructures with extreme shear moduli. The optimal microstructure obtained with the new model and the homogenization method can be used to improve and optimize natural or artificial materials. In order to be more practical for engineering applications, cellular materials rather than ranked materials are used in the optimal process in the existence of optimal bounds for the elastic properties. Moreover, the macro scale model is proposed to optimize the cross-section of the torsional shaft based on the tailared composites. The validating optimal results show that the models are very effective in obtaining composites with extreme elastic properties, and the cross-section of the composite shaft with the extremal torsion rigidity. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172078 and 10102018)     

基于LabWindows/CVI的矿井提升机钢丝绳张力监测仪设计实现

针对煤炭生产企业矿井多绳摩擦式提升机存在的钢丝绳张力不平衡问题,设计和开发了基于LabWindows/CVI的钢丝绳张力不平衡监测分析仪;该仪器装置能实时同步采集箕斗钢丝绳的张力和箕斗在井筒中的位移行程数据,箕斗的位移行程数据采用直接从在工控机端建立的OPC服务器内读取的方法,节省硬件成本;该监测仪装置能将箕斗的张力和位移监测数据自动存储于MySQL数据库,能自动绘制每根钢丝绳的张力-位移历史变化趋势曲线;当钢丝绳张力不平衡度超限时发出报警信息;该仪器装置可靠分析了箕斗在井筒中上下运动时的钢丝绳张力变化规律,对进一步提高提升系统的安全高效可靠运行性能具有十分重要的意义。      

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与双子表面活性剂的相互作用

制备了一种脂肪酸酯双磺酸盐型双子表面活性剂, 利用粘度法、界面张力法和原子力显微镜研究了疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与双子表面活性剂在溶液中的相互作用. 实验结果表明: 疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺在溶液中能够通过自组装形成疏水微区并发展成网络结构, 疏水微区与表面活性剂在溶液中能形成混合胶束; 当一定量的表面活性剂加入时, 对疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的自组装起促进作用, 而过多双子表面活性剂的加入又会对聚合物分子的自组装起抑制作用, 从而显著影响疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的溶液性质, 随着表面活性剂浓度的增加, 聚合物溶液粘度先增加、再降低; 同时, 疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺对双子表面活性剂的界面性能也有较大影响, 聚合物的加入使双子表面活性剂降低油/水界面张力的能力下降, 油/水界面张力达到平衡所需时间延长.     

利用表面波测量液体的表面张力系数

本文利用表面张力在液面上产生毛细波的现象，设计了一种原理上的比较新颖，操作上简单，相对误差为０．２％，可与公认的毛细上升法相比的测量方法。     

表（界）面张力测定方法的进展

近年来，由于计算机技术和成像技术的迅猛发展，以滴外形法，尤其以悬滴法研究表（界）面现象成为一个热点。本文综述了测定表（界）面张力和表面压的方法，着重介绍了悬（躺）滴法的最新研究进展。     

修正D形线圈轮廓线的解析解

聚变堆的纵场线圈通常采用无弯矩的恒张力线圈,即D形线圈,这是种尺寸巨大且场强高的纵场线圈,其受电磁力的作用机械支撑问題甚突出。 恒张力线圈的概念最初由File等人提出。最初的D形轮廓线(通常称为PrincetonD)是根据纵场场强与半径成反比(即B_θ∝1/R)的简化条件求解的,也就是假定整个环形纵场线圈沿环向连续均匀地分布。但实际上,纵场线圈总是做成分立的。因为诸如各种注入、加热和抽真空等通道需在线圈之间插入,目前的趋势是在满足等离子体外缘磁场纹波要     

驻波法测杨氏模量及误差分析

驻波法运用驻波原理,采用人为控制金属丝形变,测出金属丝驻波基频,得出其张力,从而求出金属丝杨氏模量.相对传统方法,驻波法避免了金属丝直径和形变的测量,其不确定度基本上仅由千分尺精度决定,故而具有操作简单,测量准确度高的特点.     

诱导期测定法对碳酸锂成核动力学的研究

在288.15～323.15 K温度范围内,采用诱导期测定法研究了碳酸锂(Li₂CO₃)在有无添加NaCl的Li Cl-Na₂CO₃过饱和溶液中的成核动力学.通过OLI电解质与水化学物性分析软件内嵌的全组分模型严格计算Li₂CO₃在溶液中的过饱和度,研究了温度、过饱和度和Na Cl的添加量对Li₂CO₃成核诱导期的影响,并结合经典初级成核理论计算了活化能、固-液界面张力和接触角等成核动力学参数.结果显示,在相同的过饱和度下,Na Cl的添加使得Li₂CO₃的成核诱导期增长;添加Na Cl后Li₂CO₃成核反应的活化能从63.69 k J/mol(溶液中Cl^?的超额含量Y=0)增加到72.85 k J/mol(溶液中Cl^?的超额含量Y=0.5),表明Na Cl的添加抑制了Li_...